AP Biology Quiz Organic Macromolecules

Explanation
Nucleic acids are the correct answer because deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a type of nucleic acid. Nucleic acids are macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information in living organisms. DNA is found in the nucleus of cells and carries the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are also important macromolecules in living organisms, but they do not directly relate to deoxyribonucleic acid.

Explanation
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids can all be used for energy by the cell. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy, while lipids can be broken down to release energy. Proteins can be converted into energy when carbohydrates and lipids are not available. Nucleic acids, although not a direct source of energy, can be broken down into their nucleotide components, which can then be used in energy-producing metabolic pathways. Therefore, all of these biomolecules can contribute to the cell's energy needs.

Explanation
Carbohydrates are organic compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They are commonly known as sugars and starches. The key characteristic of carbohydrates is that they contain hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 2:1 ratio, which means that for every two hydrogen atoms, there is one oxygen atom. This ratio is essential for the formation and structure of carbohydrates. Lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids do not have this specific ratio of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, making carbohydrates the correct answer.

Explanation
Proteins and nucleic acids are the only two options among the given choices that contain nitrogen (N). Carbohydrates and lipids do not contain nitrogen. Therefore, the correct answer is proteins and nucleic acids.

Explanation
Carbohydrates and lipids are both types of biomolecules that are composed of monomers. However, they do not contain nitrogen (N) in their structure. On the other hand, proteins and nucleic acids are biomolecules that do contain nitrogen in their structure. Therefore, the correct answer is carbohydrates and lipids.

Explanation
The given options list different types of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These biomolecules are all organic compounds as they contain carbon atoms. However, the statement "some of these are inorganic" suggests that at least one of the options is inorganic. Since all the options listed are organic compounds, the correct answer is "none" as none of them are inorganic.

Explanation
C12H22O11 is the chemical formula for sucrose, which is a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are organic compounds that serve as a major source of energy for the body. They are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Sucrose, commonly known as table sugar, is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose molecules. It is commonly found in fruits, vegetables, and processed foods. Therefore, the correct answer is carbohydrates.

Explanation
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids all contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1. Lipids are organic compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, although the ratio of these atoms may vary. Proteins are made up of amino acids, which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are composed of nucleotides, which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Therefore, all four of these biomolecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Explanation
None of the listed options contain all the elements C, H, O, N, S, and P. Carbohydrates contain C, H, and O, but not N, S, or P. Lipids contain C, H, and O, but not N, S, or P. Proteins contain C, H, O, N, and S, but not P. Nucleic acids contain C, H, O, N, and P, but not S. Therefore, none of the options fulfill the requirement of containing all the elements C, H, O, N, S, and P.

Explanation
Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They are the main source of energy for the body and play a crucial role in various biological processes. Glucose, sucrose, and maltose are all examples of carbohydrates. Glucose is a simple sugar that is used by cells to produce energy. Sucrose is a disaccharide made up of glucose and fructose, commonly found in table sugar. Maltose is another disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules, often found in grains. Therefore, the correct answer is carbohydrates.

Explanation
Lipids are a class of organic compounds that include fats, oils, and waxes. They are characterized by their insolubility in water and their solubility in nonpolar solvents. Lipids play various important roles in the body, such as being a major source of energy, serving as structural components of cell membranes, and acting as signaling molecules. Therefore, lipids are the correct answer in this case.

Explanation
Nucleic acids are polymers made up of monomers consisting of a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. This is the correct answer because it accurately describes the composition of nucleic acids. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins do not have the same monomer structure as nucleic acids, making them incorrect choices.

Explanation
The correct answer is "none" because glycerol is not a macromolecule itself, but rather a component of lipids. Lipids are organic compounds that include fats, oils, and waxes, and they are composed of glycerol and fatty acids. Therefore, glycerol is not a separate macromolecule like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, or nucleic acids.