American History II Exam Review 1
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Few restrictions were placed on immigration to the United States in the late 19th century primarily because immigrants...Unit 6 & 7
- A.
Would work for low wages
- B.
Provided a rich source of investment capital
- C.
Would add to the diversity of the population
- D.
Faced little opposition from citizens
Correct Answer
A. Would work for low wagesExplanation
In the late 19th century, few restrictions were placed on immigration to the United States primarily because immigrants would work for low wages. This means that they were willing to accept lower pay for their labor, which was attractive to employers looking to cut costs. As a result, there was little opposition from citizens to restrict immigration, as it benefited the economy by providing a cheap labor force.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The “separate but equal” doctrine established by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld the legality of...Unit 8
- A.
Woman’s suffrage in state elections
- B.
The activities of the Ku Klux Klan
- C.
Racial segregation in public facilities
- D.
restrictions on voting rights of African Americans
Correct Answer
C. Racial segregation in public facilitiesExplanation
The "separate but equal" doctrine established by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld the legality of racial segregation in public facilities. This doctrine allowed for the segregation of public facilities such as schools, transportation, and public accommodations, as long as they were deemed to be "equal" in quality. This decision had a significant impact on the civil rights movement and contributed to the perpetuation of racial inequality and discrimination in the United States.Rate this question:
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- 3.
From 1870 to 1900, business leaders in the United States often attempted to increase productivity, maximize profits, and decrease costs by...Unit 6 & 7
- A.
Reducing competition through the formation of trusts
- B.
increasing benefits for industrial workers
- C.
supporting the passage of strict antitrust laws
- D.
Preventing foreign investment in the United States
Correct Answer
A. Reducing competition through the formation of trustsExplanation
During the period from 1870 to 1900, business leaders in the United States sought to achieve their goals of increasing productivity, maximizing profits, and reducing costs by implementing the strategy of reducing competition through the formation of trusts. By creating trusts, businesses were able to consolidate their power and control over the market, effectively eliminating competition and creating monopolies. This allowed them to manipulate prices, control production, and ultimately increase their profits.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which proposal was most consistent with the goals of the American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers?Unit 6
- A.
Government ownership of the transportation and communication industries
- B.
Collective bargaining to reach agreements on wages and hours
- C.
formation of a third political party to promote union policies
- D.
Organization of unskilled workers into one national union
Correct Answer
B. Collective bargaining to reach agreements on wages and hoursExplanation
The correct answer is collective bargaining to reach agreements on wages and hours. This proposal aligns with the goals of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) under the leadership of Samuel Gompers. The AFL focused on improving the working conditions and wages of skilled workers through collective bargaining, which is the process of negotiation between employers and labor unions to determine terms and conditions of employment. This approach allowed the union to have a voice in determining fair wages and reasonable working hours for its members, which was a key objective of the AFL.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The Great Migration of African Americans between 1915 and 1930 was mainly a movement from...Unit 8
- A.
Cities to suburban developments
- B.
Northern farms to northern cities
- C.
Southern cities to free land in the West
- D.
the rural South to northern cities
Correct Answer
D. the rural South to northern citiesExplanation
The Great Migration of African Americans between 1915 and 1930 refers to the mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to northern cities. During this time, many African Americans sought better economic opportunities and an escape from racial discrimination and violence in the South. They migrated to cities like Chicago, Detroit, and New York in search of jobs in industries such as manufacturing and transportation. This migration had a significant impact on the demographic, social, and cultural landscape of both the rural South and northern cities.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which New Deal agency had the creation of new jobs as its primary goal?Unit 8
- A.
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
- B.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
- C.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- D.
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Correct Answer
D. Works Progress Administration (WPA)Explanation
The correct answer is Works Progress Administration (WPA). The WPA was a New Deal agency established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935. Its primary goal was to provide employment opportunities to millions of Americans during the Great Depression. The agency focused on creating jobs in various sectors such as construction, infrastructure development, and arts. Through its various projects, the WPA aimed to stimulate economic growth and alleviate unemployment by putting people to work.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act) of 1935 helped organized labor by...Unit 8
- A.
Mandating government control over industry
- B.
Guaranteeing workers the right to collective bargaining
- C.
Banning the closed shop in the workplace
- D.
Requiring all workers to join unions
Correct Answer
B. Guaranteeing workers the right to collective bargainingExplanation
The Wagner Act, also known as the National Labor Relations Act, was passed in 1935 to support organized labor. It did not mandate government control over industry or require all workers to join unions. Instead, the act guaranteed workers the right to engage in collective bargaining. This meant that workers had the right to negotiate with their employers as a group, giving them more power and leverage in employment negotiations. The act also established the National Labor Relations Board to enforce these rights and protect workers from unfair labor practices.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In the mid–1930s, which action did the federal government take in an attempt to avoid the situations that drew the United States into World War I?Unit 9
- A.
Passing the Neutrality Acts
- B.
Allowing only the United States Navy to deliver military goods overseas
- C.
investing money in nations threatened by Germany
- D.
Forming a military alliance with the Soviet Union
Correct Answer
B. Allowing only the United States Navy to deliver military goods overseasExplanation
In the mid-1930s, the federal government took the action of allowing only the United States Navy to deliver military goods overseas. This action was taken in an attempt to avoid the situations that drew the United States into World War I. By controlling the delivery of military goods, the government hoped to limit the involvement of the United States in international conflicts and maintain a policy of neutrality. This measure aimed to prevent the United States from being drawn into another world war.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The Lend-Lease Act of 1941 significantly changed United States policy toward nations involved in World War II because it...Unit 9
- A.
Supplied war materials to Allied nations without a declaration of war
- B.
Imposed a trade boycott on Germany and Japan
- C.
authorized the seizure of British assets in the United States
- D.
Approved the appeasement policies of the French and British governments
Correct Answer
A. Supplied war materials to Allied nations without a declaration of warExplanation
The Lend-Lease Act of 1941 significantly changed United States policy toward nations involved in World War II because it supplied war materials to Allied nations without a declaration of war. This act allowed the United States to provide military aid to countries fighting against the Axis powers, such as Great Britain and the Soviet Union, without officially entering the war. By doing so, the United States was able to support its allies and contribute to the war effort without directly engaging in combat. This marked a shift in policy and demonstrated the United States' commitment to supporting the Allied cause.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The scientists working on the Manhattan Project during World War II were responsible for....Unit 9
- A.
Designing weapons for the D-Day invasion
- B.
Building satellites to spy on the Axis nations
- C.
Creating materials for biological and chemical warfare
- D.
Developing the atomic bomb
Correct Answer
D. Developing the atomic bombExplanation
The correct answer is developing the atomic bomb. The scientists working on the Manhattan Project during World War II were responsible for developing the atomic bomb. This project was a top-secret research and development program aimed at creating a nuclear weapon. The scientists, led by J. Robert Oppenheimer, successfully developed and tested the atomic bomb, which ultimately led to its use in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. The Manhattan Project played a crucial role in the development of nuclear weapons and had a significant impact on the outcome of World War II.Rate this question:
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- 11.
…It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion or national origin. This policy shall be put into effect as rapidly as possible, having due regard to the time required to effectuate [implement] any necessary changes without impairing efficiency or morale.… — Section 1, Executive Order 9981The purpose of Executive Order 9981, issued by President Harry Truman, was to...Unit 9 & 10
- A.
encourage women to join the armed services
- B.
End racial segregation in the military
- C.
Ensure adequate manpower to fight the Korean War
- D.
Establish war crimes tribunals in Western Europe
Correct Answer
B. End racial segregation in the militaryExplanation
The purpose of Executive Order 9981, issued by President Harry Truman, was to end racial segregation in the military. This order aimed to ensure equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services, regardless of their race, color, religion, or national origin. It sought to eliminate discriminatory practices and promote integration within the military, allowing individuals of all backgrounds to serve together and have equal access to opportunities within the armed forces.Rate this question:
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- 12.
…The truth of the matter is that Europe’s requirements for the next three or four years of foreign food and other essential products— principally from America—are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial additional help, or face economic, social, and political deterioration of a very grave character.… — Secretary of State George Marshall, Remarks at Harvard University Commencement, June 5, 1947 In this excerpt, Secretary of State George Marshall is identifying the need to...Unit 10
- A.
Provide economic assistance to struggling European nations
- B.
allow European workers to settle in the United States
- C.
install democratic governments in the nations of Western Europe
- D.
strengthen European military defenses
Correct Answer
A. Provide economic assistance to struggling European nationsExplanation
In this excerpt, Secretary of State George Marshall is identifying the need to provide economic assistance to struggling European nations. He mentions that Europe's requirements for foreign food and essential products are greater than their ability to pay, which could lead to economic, social, and political deterioration. Therefore, he suggests that substantial additional help is needed to prevent these negative consequences.Rate this question:
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- 13.
HARLEMWhat happens to a dream deferred?Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?Or fester like a sore— And then run?Does it stink like rotten meat?Or crust and sugar over— like a syrupy sweet?Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode?— Langston Hughes, 1951 (adapted) The “dream deferred” in this poem refers to the hopes African Americans had for...Unit 8
- A.
Social and political equality
- B.
An independent African American nation
- C.
Access to affordable medical treatment
- D.
separate public accommodations
Correct Answer
A. Social and political equalityExplanation
The correct answer for this question is "social and political equality". In the poem "Harlem", Langston Hughes explores the consequences of delaying or denying the dreams and aspirations of African Americans. The phrase "dream deferred" symbolizes the hopes and desires of African Americans for social and political equality. The poem raises questions about the potential outcomes of suppressing these dreams, such as whether they will dry up, fester, stink, crust over, sag, or explode. Overall, the poem highlights the importance of addressing the aspirations and rights of African Americans in achieving social and political equality.Rate this question:
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- 14.
One of the main effects of the passage of the Interstate Highway Act of 1956 was the expansion of...Unit 10
- A.
Ridership on long-distance passenger trains
- B.
Immigrant populations
- C.
Communities in the suburbs
- D.
The airline industry
Correct Answer
C. Communities in the suburbsExplanation
The correct answer is communities in the suburbs. The passage of the Interstate Highway Act of 1956 led to the construction of a vast network of highways, making it easier for people to commute from urban areas to the suburbs. This resulted in the growth and expansion of communities in the suburbs as more people chose to live outside of the city and commute to work. The highways provided convenient access to suburban areas, leading to increased development, housing, and population in these communities.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A major impact of the 24th amendment banning poll taxes and of the 1965 Voting Rights Act was the...Unit 10
- A.
increase in the number of Jim Crow laws
- B.
Movement to create a new political party for Hispanics
- C.
Decrease in voting among African American women
- D.
Elimination of discriminatory voting practices against African Americans
Correct Answer
D. Elimination of discriminatory voting practices against African AmericansExplanation
The 24th amendment banning poll taxes and the 1965 Voting Rights Act were both aimed at addressing discriminatory voting practices against African Americans. The poll taxes were used as a means to prevent African Americans from voting by requiring them to pay a fee, which many could not afford. The Voting Rights Act further aimed to eliminate any remaining discriminatory practices, such as literacy tests or intimidation tactics, that were used to prevent African Americans from exercising their right to vote. Therefore, the correct answer is the elimination of discriminatory voting practices against African Americans.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The Homestead Act and grants of land to railroads were used to...Unit 6
- A.
Raise money to finance the federal government
- B.
limit the influence of monopolies and trusts
- C.
Support the development of state universities
- D.
Encourage settlement of the West
Correct Answer
D. Encourage settlement of the WestExplanation
The Homestead Act and grants of land to railroads were used to encourage settlement of the West. The Homestead Act provided free land to settlers who were willing to develop and improve the land for a specified period of time. This encouraged people to move westward and establish farms and communities. Grants of land to railroads also played a role in encouraging settlement by providing transportation infrastructure and making it easier for people to access and settle in the western territories.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What was one effect of the Industrial Revolution on United States agriculture in the late 1800s?Unit 6
- A.
a decrease in the size of farms
- B.
A decrease in tenant farming and sharecropping
- C.
an increase in agricultural imports
- D.
an increase in productivity
Correct Answer
A. a decrease in the size of farmsExplanation
The Industrial Revolution in the late 1800s brought about advancements in technology and machinery, which allowed for increased efficiency and productivity in agriculture. As a result, farmers were able to produce more crops with less labor, leading to a decrease in the need for large farms. With the introduction of new farming techniques and machinery, smaller farms were able to compete with larger ones, causing a decrease in the average size of farms in the United States.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In the late 1800s, which concept was used to justify the accumulation of great wealth and economic power?Unit 6
- A.
Manifest Destiny
- B.
Self-determination
- C.
Social Darwinism
- D.
Conspicuous consumption
Correct Answer
C. Social DarwinismExplanation
Social Darwinism was a concept used in the late 1800s to justify the accumulation of great wealth and economic power. It was influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest. Social Darwinism argued that wealthy individuals and powerful businesses were simply the result of natural competition and were therefore superior to others. This ideology provided a justification for the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few, as it portrayed it as a natural and inevitable outcome of societal progress.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the Gentlemen’s Agreement with Japan in 1907 both illustrate...Unit 6
- A.
The role of nativism in the development of United States policies
- B.
Imperialist attitudes in foreign affairs
- C.
Restrictive trading policies toward Asian nations
- D.
the influence of big business on foreign policy
Correct Answer
A. The role of nativism in the development of United States policiesExplanation
The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the Gentlemen's Agreement with Japan in 1907 both demonstrate the role of nativism in the development of United States policies. These acts were implemented due to the growing fear and hostility towards immigrants from Asia, particularly China and Japan, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Nativism, which is the belief in protecting the interests of native-born citizens over immigrants, influenced these policies that aimed to restrict and limit the entry of Asian immigrants into the United States.Rate this question:
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- 20.
President Theodore Roosevelt was called a trustbuster because he...Unit 7
- A.
Supported the building of the Panama Canal
- B.
Negotiated peace between Russia and Japan
- C.
Supported legal action against business monopolies
- D.
protected public lands from environmental damage
Correct Answer
C. Supported legal action against business monopoliesExplanation
President Theodore Roosevelt was called a trustbuster because he supported legal action against business monopolies. During his presidency, Roosevelt actively enforced antitrust laws and took legal action against several large corporations that were engaging in unfair business practices and monopolistic behavior. He believed that these monopolies were detrimental to the economy and the welfare of the American people. By supporting legal action against business monopolies, Roosevelt aimed to promote fair competition and protect the interests of consumers.Rate this question:
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