AHS 110 Matching Nutrients

Potassium is a mineral that is essential for various bodily functions. It helps maintain proper fluid balance, supports nerve and muscle function, and plays a role in heart health. Potassium is found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. It is important to consume enough potassium through diet or supplements to ensure proper functioning of the body.

Linoleic acid is a type of fatty acid that belongs to the lipid group. Lipids are a diverse group of molecules that include fats, oils, and certain components of cell membranes. They are an essential part of our diet and play important roles in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid, meaning that our bodies cannot produce it and it must be obtained from our diet. It is important for the structure and function of cell membranes and is also a precursor for the synthesis of other important molecules in the body.

Protein is the correct answer because albumin is a type of protein. Albumin is a water-soluble protein that is found in the blood plasma and helps regulate osmotic pressure, transport hormones, and maintain pH balance. It is an essential component of the body's tissues and plays a crucial role in various biological processes.

Protein is the correct answer because connective tissue is primarily composed of proteins. Proteins are essential for the structure, support, and functioning of connective tissues in the body. They provide strength and elasticity to tissues like tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. Additionally, proteins play a crucial role in the repair and maintenance of connective tissues.

Carbohydrates are the macronutrients that provide the main source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which is then used by cells as fuel. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate glucose levels in the blood and allows cells to take in glucose for energy. Therefore, carbohydrates are the nutrient that requires insulin for utilization in cells. Lipids, vitamins, protein, and minerals do not require insulin for utilization.

Vitamins are organic nutrients that act as chemical cofactors in metabolic reactions, supporting various life functions. They are essential for the proper functioning of the body and are required in small amounts. Vitamins play a crucial role in energy production, immune function, cell growth and repair, and many other biological processes. They cannot be synthesized by the body in sufficient quantities, so they need to be obtained through diet or supplementation.

Citrus fruits are known for their high content of ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C. Ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant that helps boost the immune system, promote collagen production, and protect against damage caused by harmful free radicals. It also plays a crucial role in the absorption of iron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. Therefore, the correct answer is ascorbic acid (vitamin C) because citrus fruits are a rich source of this essential nutrient.

Arachidonic acid is a type of fatty acid that belongs to the lipid category. Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They play various essential roles in the body, such as providing energy, forming cell membranes, and acting as signaling molecules. Arachidonic acid, specifically, is important for the synthesis of eicosanoids, which are involved in inflammation and immune response. Therefore, lipids are the correct answer for this question.

monosaccharides are building blocks of carbohydrates/sugars

Vitamin K is the correct answer because it is essential for blood clotting. It plays a key role in the production of proteins that are involved in the clotting process. Without enough vitamin K, blood clotting may be impaired, leading to excessive bleeding.

Lipids are a class of organic compounds that include fats, oils, and waxes. Oleic acid is a type of monounsaturated fatty acid, which is a component of many lipids. It is commonly found in vegetable oils, such as olive oil. Lipids serve as a source of energy, help in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, and play a role in cell structure and function. Therefore, lipids are the correct answer in this context.

Carbohydrates are the correct answer because they are a group of organic compounds that provide energy to the body. They are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms and are found in foods such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. Carbohydrates are an essential nutrient for the body and are broken down into glucose, which is used as fuel for various bodily functions. They also play a role in maintaining healthy digestion and brain function.

Carbohydrates are the primary component of plant cell walls, providing structural support and rigidity. They form a matrix that surrounds and protects the plant cells. Lipids, vitamins, proteins, and minerals are also important for plant cell function, but they do not specifically provide the matrix for cell walls.

Lipids are a type of organic molecule that includes fats, oils, and waxes. They are an essential component of cell membranes and play a role in energy storage, insulation, and hormone production. Sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, are examples of lipids. Therefore, the correct answer is lipids.

Minerals are essential nutrients that our body needs in small amounts to function properly. They play a crucial role in various bodily functions such as maintaining strong bones and teeth, regulating blood pressure, and supporting nerve function. Calcium, specifically, is a mineral that is important for bone health, muscle function, and blood clotting. Therefore, the presence of calcium in the list of nutrients suggests that it is a type of mineral.

Lipids are the correct answer because HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) are types of lipids commonly referred to as "good" and "bad" cholesterol respectively. Lipids are organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, and they play important roles in energy storage, insulation, and the structure of cell membranes. Therefore, lipids are the most appropriate category for HDL and LDL.

Carbohydrates are the correct answer because they are one of the main macronutrients that provide energy to the body. They are found in foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables, and are broken down into glucose to fuel various bodily functions. Carbohydrates also play a role in maintaining proper brain function and supporting physical activity.

Beta carotene is converted to vitamin A in the liver.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that interacts with selenium. Antioxidants help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can harm cells. Selenium is a mineral that works together with vitamin E to enhance its antioxidant effects. Therefore, the interaction between vitamin E and selenium is important for the antioxidant activity in the body.

Selenium interacts with vitamin E.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. Proteins are the primary constituents of enzymes, meaning that enzymes are made up of protein molecules. Proteins have a complex three-dimensional structure that allows them to perform their specific functions as enzymes. Lipids, vitamins, carbohydrates, and minerals are important for various biological processes, but they are not the primary constituents of enzymes. Therefore, the correct answer is protein.

Niacin is a type of vitamin, specifically belonging to the B vitamin group. It is essential for the proper functioning of the body and is involved in various metabolic processes. Niacin helps convert food into energy, supports the nervous system, and maintains healthy skin. It also plays a role in DNA repair and cell signaling. Therefore, niacin is correctly categorized as a vitamin.

Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for the normal functioning of the body. They are required in small amounts and play a crucial role in various metabolic processes. Unlike lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and minerals, vitamins do not directly provide energy to the body. Instead, they act as coenzymes or cofactors in enzymatic reactions, facilitating the conversion of food into energy. Therefore, vitamins are considered non-energy producing nutrients.

Potassium is found in the greatest concentration within the cell. This is because potassium ions are actively pumped into the cell and maintained at a higher concentration compared to the extracellular fluid. This concentration gradient is important for various cellular processes such as maintaining cell volume, regulating membrane potential, and facilitating the transmission of nerve impulses. Potassium is also involved in protein synthesis, cellular metabolism, and the regulation of pH balance within the cell.

Iodine is used by the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, which are essential for regulating the body's metabolism and growth. Without sufficient iodine, the thyroid gland cannot function properly, leading to conditions such as hypothyroidism or goiter. Therefore, it is important to consume foods or supplements that contain iodine to ensure the proper functioning of the thyroid gland.

Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino acids, which contain the elements carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), and nitrogen (N). Lipids, on the other hand, are composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen, with smaller amounts of oxygen. Vitamins, carbohydrates, and minerals also contain carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, but they may not necessarily contain nitrogen. Therefore, based on the given chemical structure, the correct answer is protein.

Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for the body's normal growth and functioning. They are classified into two categories: fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble vitamins (such as vitamin C and the B vitamins). The fact that vitamins can be divided into fat-soluble and water-soluble varieties is what makes the given answer correct.

Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is a type of vitamin. Vitamins are essential nutrients that our body needs in small quantities to function properly. They play a crucial role in various bodily processes, such as growth, development, and maintaining overall health. Ascorbic acid, specifically, is known for its antioxidant properties, which help protect cells from damage caused by harmful free radicals. Therefore, the correct answer is vitamins.

Lipids are the correct answer because they are mobilized for energy from cells when glycogen stores have been depleted. When the body runs out of glycogen, it starts breaking down stored fats (lipids) to use as an alternative source of energy. Lipids are a concentrated form of energy and can provide fuel for the body during times of prolonged exercise or fasting.

Lipids are a type of organic molecule that includes fats, oils, and waxes. They are an important component of cell membranes and play a role in energy storage. Corticosteroids, on the other hand, are a class of hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. They are not directly related to lipids. Therefore, the correct answer is lipids.

Carbohydrates are the correct answer because amylose is a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are one of the main macronutrients found in food and are an important source of energy for the body. They are made up of sugar molecules, and amylose is a type of carbohydrate that is a long, linear chain of glucose molecules. It is a form of starch and is commonly found in plants.

Biotin is a type of vitamin that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body. It plays a crucial role in converting these macronutrients into energy. Biotin is also important for maintaining healthy skin, hair, and nails. Therefore, the correct answer is vitamins.

Proteins play a crucial role in molecular transport through the cellular membrane. They act as transporters, channels, and pumps, facilitating the movement of molecules and ions across the membrane. These proteins are embedded within the lipid bilayer of the membrane and have specific binding sites for the molecules they transport. They can also undergo conformational changes to transport molecules against their concentration gradient. Overall, proteins are essential for maintaining the integrity and functionality of the cellular membrane and enabling the selective transport of molecules in and out of the cell.

Copper is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in iron transport. It helps in the absorption, storage, and utilization of iron in the body. Copper is necessary for the production of ceruloplasmin, a protein that binds to iron and facilitates its transport in the bloodstream. Without copper, iron cannot be properly transported to various tissues and organs, leading to iron deficiency and associated health problems. Therefore, copper is important for maintaining adequate iron levels in the body.

Carbohydrates are the correct answer because they are stored as glycogen in the liver. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy and excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver for later use. When the body needs energy, the stored glycogen is broken down into glucose and released into the bloodstream. This process helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and provides a readily available source of energy for the body.

Folic acid is a type of vitamin, specifically a B vitamin. It is essential for the synthesis and repair of DNA, as well as for cell division and growth. Folic acid is particularly important for pregnant women, as it helps prevent certain birth defects. It is also important for the production of red blood cells and for proper brain function. Therefore, the correct answer is vitamins.

Vitamin D is responsible for controlling calcium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. It helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the diet, which are essential for maintaining strong bones and teeth. Without adequate levels of vitamin D, the body may not be able to absorb enough calcium, leading to weak bones and an increased risk of fractures. Therefore, vitamin D plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health and regulating calcium levels in the body.

Lipids are a class of organic compounds that include fats, oils, and waxes. Acetic acid, commonly known as vinegar, is a type of lipid. It is a fatty acid that is found in various foods and is an important component of cellular membranes. Lipids are essential for the body as they provide energy, help in the absorption of vitamins, and play a role in hormone production. Therefore, lipids are the correct answer in this context.

called lipolysis

Chromium is a mineral that plays a crucial role in assisting insulin in the cellular uptake of glucose. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels and allows cells to take in glucose for energy. Chromium enhances the action of insulin, making it more effective in transporting glucose from the bloodstream into cells. This helps to maintain stable blood sugar levels and prevent insulin resistance, which is a risk factor for conditions like type 2 diabetes. Therefore, chromium is essential for proper glucose metabolism in the body.

Riboflavin is a vitamin that is used in the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain is a series of reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells and is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP. Riboflavin is a component of two important enzymes in the electron transport chain, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These enzymes play a crucial role in transferring electrons during the electron transport chain, allowing for the production of ATP. Therefore, riboflavin is essential for the proper functioning of the electron transport chain and energy production in cells.

Glycine is an amino acid that is commonly found in proteins. Proteins are essential macromolecules that play a crucial role in various biological processes in the body. They are involved in the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs. Glycine is one of the building blocks of proteins and is necessary for the synthesis of proteins. Therefore, the correct answer is protein.

Glycerol is a storage form of lipids. Lipids are a class of organic molecules that include fats, oils, and waxes. Glycerol is a component of triglycerides, which are the main storage form of lipids in the body. Triglycerides consist of glycerol and three fatty acids. Glycerol acts as a backbone for the attachment of these fatty acids, allowing them to be stored and transported in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is lipids.

Phosphorus is a mineral that plays a crucial role in the body's metabolism, energy production, and bone health. However, excessive levels of phosphorus can lead to hyperparathyroidism, a condition characterized by overactivity of the parathyroid glands. This can result in an imbalance of calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood, leading to various toxic effects on the body. Therefore, the correct answer is phosphorus.

Folacin, also known as folic acid or vitamin B9, is involved in the synthesis of nucleotides. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, which are essential for cell division and growth. Folacin plays a crucial role in the production and repair of DNA, as well as in the formation of red blood cells. It is especially important during periods of rapid cell division and growth, such as pregnancy and infancy. Deficiency of folacin can lead to impaired DNA synthesis and cell division, resulting in anemia and developmental abnormalities.