Robbins Vascular Disorder Trivia Quiz

Atherosclerosis is characterized by arterial wall swelling. Atherosclerosis is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries, causing them to become narrow and stiff. This plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. As the plaque accumulates, it can cause inflammation and swelling of the arterial walls, leading to reduced blood flow and potential complications such as heart attack or stroke. Diabetes, asthma, and pneumonia are not typically associated with arterial wall swelling.

Aortic dissection can cause necrosis of the anterior artery in the spinal cord. Aortic dissection refers to the tearing of the inner layer of the aorta, leading to the formation of a false lumen. This can lead to the obstruction of blood flow to various organs, including the spinal cord. The anterior artery supplies blood to the anterior portion of the spinal cord, and if it becomes obstructed due to aortic dissection, it can result in necrosis or tissue death in that area.

Nausea is not a symptom of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is usually characterized by a sudden and severe headache, often described as the worst headache of one's life. Other common symptoms include neck stiffness and back pain. However, nausea is not typically associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Myelography is the correct answer because it is a procedure used in the diagnosis of Arteriovenous malfunctions in the spinal cord. Myelography involves injecting a contrast dye into the spinal canal and then taking X-ray images to visualize the spinal cord and its surrounding structures. This procedure helps to identify any abnormalities or malfunctions in the blood vessels of the spinal cord, such as arteriovenous malformations. Angiography, radiography, and myography are not specifically used for the diagnosis of Arteriovenous malfunctions in the spinal cord.

The spinal cord is supplied by two main vascular groups: the anterior spinal artery and the posterior spinal arteries. The anterior spinal artery runs along the front of the spinal cord, while the posterior spinal arteries run along the back. These arteries provide the necessary blood supply to the spinal cord, ensuring its proper functioning.

Angiography is a medical imaging technique that uses a contrast agent to visualize the blood vessels. While it primarily focuses on the circulatory system, it can also help ascertain the extent of malformation in the spinal cord by identifying any abnormalities in the blood vessels supplying the spinal cord. This information can be crucial in diagnosing and planning treatment for conditions such as spinal cord arteriovenous malformations or spinal cord tumors. Myelography is a different imaging technique that involves injecting a contrast agent into the spinal canal to visualize the spinal cord and its surrounding structures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging method that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's structures, including the spinal cord. Radiography, on the other hand, uses X-rays to produce images of the body, but it may not provide sufficient detail to ascertain the extent of malformation in the spinal cord.

Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, can cause a hypotensive disorder. During a heart attack, the blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, leading to damage and potentially causing a decrease in blood pressure. This can result in hypotension, which is characterized by low blood pressure and can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, and weakness. Therefore, myocardial infarction can be a cause of hypotensive disorder.

The largest anterior segmental medullary artery in the human body is the Artery of Adamkiewicz. This artery is a critical supplier of blood to the lower spinal cord and plays a vital role in the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery. It is responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord, and any damage or blockage to this artery can lead to serious neurological problems.

Anterior spinal artery syndrome refers to the necrosis of tissue in the anterior spinal artery or its branches. This condition occurs when there is a blockage or interruption of blood flow to the anterior spinal artery, leading to tissue death in the affected area. It typically results in motor and sensory deficits below the level of the lesion, as well as loss of bowel and bladder control.

Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are brief episodes of reduced blood flow to the brain, usually caused by a temporary clot or blockage in a blood vessel. These attacks typically last only a few minutes and do not cause permanent damage. While TIAs most commonly affect the brain, they can also affect other parts of the body, including the spinal cord. Symptoms of a TIA in the spinal cord may include sudden weakness or numbness in the arms or legs, difficulty walking, and loss of bladder or bowel control.