How Well Do You Know 7th Grade Ecology?

Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which energy is captured from the sun. It occurs in plants and some microorganisms, where sunlight is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose. During photosynthesis, plants use chlorophyll to absorb sunlight and convert it into energy through a series of chemical reactions. This energy is then stored in the form of glucose, which can be used by the plant for growth, reproduction, and other metabolic processes.

Explanation
A food web is a way to trace the flow of energy in an ecosystem. It shows the interconnectedness of different organisms and their feeding relationships. It illustrates how energy is transferred from one organism to another through the consumption of food. This helps to understand the flow of energy and the balance within an ecosystem.

Explanation
Plants are the organisms that undertake photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This process is essential for plants to produce their own food and release oxygen into the atmosphere. While some organisms, like algae and certain bacteria, also undergo photosynthesis, plants are the primary organisms known for this process. Amoeba, animals, and nematodes do not have the ability to carry out photosynthesis as they are heterotrophic and rely on consuming other organisms for energy.

Explanation
Herbivores primarily eat plants as their main source of food. This is because their digestive systems are adapted to break down and extract nutrients from plant material. Plants provide herbivores with the necessary carbohydrates, proteins, and other nutrients they need to survive and thrive. Worms, cereal, and meat are not typically part of the herbivore diet, as they are either not easily digestible or not suitable for their dietary needs. Therefore, the correct answer is plants.

Explanation
Carnivores mainly eat meat because their digestive systems are adapted to process and obtain nutrients from animal flesh. Their sharp teeth and strong jaws are designed for tearing and chewing meat. Additionally, carnivores have a shorter digestive tract compared to herbivores, allowing them to quickly digest and absorb nutrients from meat. This dietary preference is necessary for carnivores to obtain the high levels of protein and energy they need to survive and thrive.

Explanation
The first trophic level in an energy pyramid is made up of producers. Producers, such as plants and algae, are able to convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. They are the primary source of energy in an ecosystem, as they provide food for all other organisms in higher trophic levels. Consumers, on the other hand, obtain their energy by consuming other organisms, while abusers and preparers are not relevant terms in the context of trophic levels.

Explanation
The first trophic level in an energy pyramid is also known as the feeding level. This level consists of primary producers, such as plants, that convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. These primary producers are then consumed by herbivores in the next trophic level, starting the transfer of energy through the food chain. Therefore, the term "feeding level" accurately describes the role and position of the organisms in the first trophic level of an energy pyramid.

Explanation
Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship in which both organisms involved benefit from the interaction. This means that both organisms receive some form of advantage or gain from their association with each other. This could include access to resources, protection, or assistance with reproduction. In mutualism, both parties rely on each other for survival and reproduction, forming a mutually beneficial partnership.

Explanation
Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits without affecting the other. In this type of relationship, one organism, known as the commensal, benefits from the association while the other organism, known as the host, is neither harmed nor benefited. The commensal benefits by gaining resources, shelter, or transportation from the host, while the host is unaffected. This type of relationship is often seen in nature, such as when birds build nests in trees or barnacles attach themselves to whales.

Explanation
Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits while causing harm to the other organism. In this relationship, the parasite benefits by feeding off the host organism, which is harmed in the process. This type of relationship is characterized by the exploitation of one organism by another, leading to an imbalance in the interaction between the two organisms.