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1. (225)  The common name for the method of changing the encryption keys over the radio channel in a two-way radio system is called

Explanation

Over-the-air-rekeying (OTAR) is the common name for the method of changing the encryption keys over the radio channel in a two-way radio system. This method allows for secure and efficient key management by remotely updating the encryption keys without the need for physical access to the radios. It ensures that the communication remains secure by regularly changing the encryption keys to prevent unauthorized access or decryption of the transmitted data.

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About This Quiz
Air Force Quizzes & Trivia

This quiz, titled '3D1X3 CDC Volume 2 URE,' assesses knowledge in military communications, specifically focusing on equipment and functions related to RF carriers, receivers, and transceivers. It is designed for individuals in the Air Force, enhancing their understanding of radio frequency engineering and electronics.

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2. (202)  A combination of a transmitter and receiver that is built as a single unit and sharing common tuned circuits is called a

Explanation

A transceiver is a combination of a transmitter and receiver that is built as a single unit and shares common tuned circuits. This allows for the transmission and reception of signals using the same device.

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3. (202)  Which of the following cannot be performed by the transceiver's computerized components and micro-circuitry?

Explanation

The transceiver's computerized components and micro-circuitry are capable of performing specific equipment faults, internal equipment tests, and internal calibrations. However, they are not capable of repairing themselves.

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4. (223)  What is the process of unscrambling encrypted informatino so that it is intelligible?

Explanation

Decryption is the process of unscrambling encrypted information so that it becomes intelligible. Encryption is the process of converting plain text into a coded form, while cryptography is the practice of secure communication. Cryptanalysis, on the other hand, refers to the study of analyzing and breaking cryptographic codes. Therefore, the correct answer is decryption, as it specifically pertains to the unscrambling of encrypted information.

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5. (213)  Radio waves that travel near the earth's surface are called

Explanation

Radio waves that travel near the earth's surface are called ground waves. These waves propagate by hugging the surface of the earth and are able to follow its curvature. Ground waves are important for long-distance communication as they can travel for hundreds of miles and are not easily affected by obstacles such as buildings or hills. They are commonly used for broadcasting purposes, such as AM radio stations.

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6. (228)  Concerning HAVE QUICK II communications (MWOD), how long can each word of day (WOD) be used?

Explanation

Each word of day (WOD) in HAVE QUICK II communications can be used for a period of 24 hours before it needs to be manually changed.

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7. (216)  What U.S. government agency divides the radio frequency (RF) spectrum into different bands?

Explanation

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is the U.S. government agency responsible for dividing the radio frequency (RF) spectrum into different bands. The FCC regulates and oversees communication technologies, including radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable. They allocate different frequency bands to different services and users to ensure efficient and effective use of the RF spectrum.

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8. (212)  Where is the most challenging location for a radio frequency (RF) transmission systems technician to establish and operate a radio station from?

Explanation

The Amazon jungle is the most challenging location for a radio frequency (RF) transmission systems technician to establish and operate a radio station from. The dense vegetation and remote location make it difficult to set up the necessary infrastructure for transmitting and receiving signals. The thick foliage can obstruct the radio waves, resulting in poor signal strength and coverage. Additionally, the lack of infrastructure and limited access to power sources make it challenging to maintain and operate the radio station effectively in the Amazon jungle.

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9. (212)  With a mountain between you and the distant end, which anrenna is more effective?

Explanation

The near-vertical incidence skywave antenna is more effective when there is a mountain between you and the distant end. This type of antenna is specifically designed to transmit and receive signals that are reflected off the ionosphere at very low angles. This allows the signals to penetrate obstacles like mountains and reach the desired destination effectively. The whip, dipole, and discone antennas are not optimized for this scenario and may experience more signal loss or interference.

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10. (214)  The abbreviation FOT is derived from the term

Explanation

The abbreviation FOT is derived from the term "frequency of optimum transmission." This suggests that FOT refers to the specific frequency at which transmission is most effective or efficient. It is not related to outbound traffic frequency or frequency of outbound transmission, as these options focus on the direction of transmission rather than the quality or effectiveness of the transmission. Similarly, it is not related to optimum tropospheric frequency, which is not mentioned in the question.

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11. (215)  Sunspots are disturbances

Explanation

Sunspots are dark areas on the sun's surface that appear to be cooler than the surrounding areas. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits the flow of heat from the sun's interior to its surface. Therefore, sunspots are located on the sun's surface.

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12. (221)  Any military action involving the use of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum to include directed energy to attack an enemy is called

Explanation

Electronic warfare (EW) refers to any military action that involves the use of the electromagnetic spectrum, including directed energy, to attack an enemy. This can include activities such as jamming enemy communication systems, intercepting enemy signals, or using directed energy weapons to disable enemy equipment. Electronic support (ES) refers to actions that involve the use of the electromagnetic spectrum to gather information about potential threats. Electromagnetic pulse (EP) refers to a burst of electromagnetic radiation that can disrupt or damage electronic equipment. Electromagnetic interference (EI) refers to any unwanted disturbance caused by electromagnetic radiation that can affect the performance of electronic devices.

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13. (206)  The ability of an antenna to both receive and transmit equally well is known as the antenna's

Explanation

Reciprocity refers to the ability of an antenna to perform equally well in both receiving and transmitting signals. It means that the antenna's characteristics, such as gain and radiation pattern, remain the same regardless of whether it is used for receiving or transmitting. This property is important in many applications, as it allows for efficient and reliable communication. Bandwidth refers to the range of frequencies over which an antenna can operate effectively, resonance refers to the natural frequency at which an antenna resonates, and effectiveness is a general term that does not specifically describe the antenna's ability to both receive and transmit.

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14. (214)  Frequencies higher than the cricical frequency are

Explanation

Frequencies higher than the critical frequency are passed into space. This means that they are not reflected or refracted back to Earth. The critical frequency is the maximum frequency that can be reflected back to Earth by the ionosphere. Frequencies higher than this critical frequency are not able to be reflected and instead continue to propagate into space.

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15. (237)  What is a common problem with a mass alert system in a deployed environment?

Explanation

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16. (203)  A transmission line that consists of a center conductor placed inside a metal tube functioning as the outer tube is called a

Explanation

A transmission line that consists of a center conductor placed inside a metal tube functioning as the outer tube is called a rigid coaxial cable. This type of cable is commonly used in applications where high-frequency signals need to be transmitted with low loss and minimal interference. The rigid structure of the coaxial cable provides better shielding and protection against external electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for long-distance and high-performance communication systems.

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17. (209)  A commmon satellite antenna is the

Explanation

The correct answer is parabolic. A parabolic satellite antenna is commonly used to receive and transmit signals from satellites. The shape of the parabolic dish allows it to focus the signals onto a receiver or transmitter at its focal point, improving the efficiency and quality of the communication. This type of antenna is widely used for satellite TV reception and satellite internet services.

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18. (239)  In high frequency (HF) communications, your station's self address is

Explanation

In high frequency (HF) communications, your station's self address is user programmed into your system. This means that each station has the ability to input their own unique address into their communication system. This allows for individual identification and prevents confusion or conflicts with other stations in the network.

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19. (234)  Which personnel identification device provides positive identification through measurement of biometrics?

Explanation

A hand geometry unit (HGU) is a personnel identification device that uses biometrics to provide positive identification. It measures the physical characteristics of a person's hand, such as the length, width, and shape, to create a unique handprint. This handprint is then compared to a database of authorized handprints to determine if the person is who they claim to be. Unlike other devices such as cardreaders or PIN pads, an HGU provides a more secure and accurate form of identification as it is based on the physical characteristics of the individual.

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20. (204)  The concept that alternation current (AC) changes in magnitude and reverses its direction during each cycle is

Explanation

The concept that alternating current (AC) changes in magnitude and reverses its direction during each cycle is what makes radio transmission possible. AC is used in radio transmission because it can be easily converted to different frequencies, allowing for the transmission of information through electromagnetic waves. This concept is not an unproven hypothesis, the definition of propagation, or what led to the discovery of direct current.

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21. (206)  What does the effectiveness of an entire transmitting and receiving system depend largely upon?

Explanation

The effectiveness of an entire transmitting and receiving system largely depends on impedance matching. Impedance matching refers to the process of ensuring that the impedance of the source (transmitter) matches the impedance of the load (antenna). When the impedance is matched, maximum power transfer occurs, resulting in efficient transmission and reception of signals. Antenna distance, antenna properties, and line characteristics can also affect the performance of the system, but impedance matching is the key factor in optimizing the system's effectiveness.

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22. (214)  In high frequency (HF) communications, the lowest frequency that arrives at the distant receiver on 90 percent of the undistubred days of the month is called the

Explanation

The lowest usable frequency (LUF) refers to the lowest frequency that consistently arrives at the distant receiver on 90 percent of undisturbed days of the month in high frequency (HF) communications. It is the frequency that can reliably be used for communication over long distances. The maximum usable frequency (MUF) is the highest frequency that can be used for reliable communication, while the operating frequency is the frequency at which the HF communication system is currently operating. The critical frequency is the frequency at which the ionosphere becomes too dense for radio waves to penetrate.

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23. (214)  What occurs when a transmitted signal travels over two or more separate paths during transmission?

Explanation

Multipathing occurs when a transmitted signal travels over two or more separate paths during transmission. This can happen when the signal reflects off of obstacles or bounces off of different surfaces, resulting in multiple versions of the signal reaching the receiver. Multipathing can cause signal distortion, interference, and fading, which can degrade the quality and reliability of the received signal.

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24. (235)  Which site configuration was designed to provide coverage for a small geographical area?

Explanation

The correct answer is Single-site. Single-site configuration is designed to provide coverage for a small geographical area. This configuration involves using a single transmitter site to cover a limited range, typically within a few miles. It is suitable for small organizations or businesses that only require coverage in a localized area, such as a campus or a small town. Single-site configuration is cost-effective and simpler to deploy compared to multi-site configurations, which require multiple transmitter sites to provide coverage over a larger area.

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25. (203)  A nonresonant transmission line is a line

Explanation

A nonresonant transmission line refers to a line that does not produce any reflected waves. In other words, all the energy that is sent through the line is effectively transmitted without any portion being reflected back towards the source. This can occur when the line is properly terminated, allowing for maximum power transfer and minimizing any reflections. Therefore, the correct answer is "having no reflected waves."

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26. (207)  Which antenna radiates radio energy in a circular pattern?

Explanation

An omnidirectional antenna radiates radio energy in a circular pattern, meaning it covers a full 360 degrees around its axis. This type of antenna is designed to provide equal coverage in all directions, making it ideal for applications where the signal needs to reach multiple locations or devices without the need for precise aiming or alignment. Omnidirectional antennas are commonly used in Wi-Fi routers, cell towers, and broadcasting systems.

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27. (215)  During what season do we have the wider range of critical frequencies and less absorption of all frequencies?

Explanation

In winter, the air is colder and denser, which allows sound waves to travel more efficiently. This leads to a wider range of critical frequencies, meaning that a greater variety of sounds can be heard. Additionally, there is less absorption of all frequencies in winter, as the cold air does not absorb sound waves as much as warmer air does. Therefore, winter is the season when we have the wider range of critical frequencies and less absorption of all frequencies.

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28. (201)  Equipment used for generating, amplifying, and transmitting RF carrier is collectively called

Explanation

The correct answer is a transmitter. In the context of generating, amplifying, and transmitting RF carrier signals, a transmitter is the equipment that performs these functions. A receiver is used to capture and process the transmitted signals, while an antenna is used to transmit or receive the signals. A transmission line is a medium that carries the signals between the transmitter and the antenna. Therefore, the equipment used for generating, amplifying, and transmitting RF carrier signals is collectively called a transmitter.

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29. (210)  Which type of airborne antenna can be designed into any part of an aerospace vehicle's surface, so that it does not upset its aerodynamic properties?

Explanation

A conformal airborne antenna can be designed into any part of an aerospace vehicle's surface without affecting its aerodynamic properties. This means that the antenna can be seamlessly integrated into the vehicle's structure, allowing for efficient communication without compromising the vehicle's performance or stability.

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30. (214)  The path that undergoes a 180 degree phase shift is a

Explanation

A ground-reflected path refers to a signal that bounces off the ground before reaching the receiver. In this case, the path undergoes a 180 degree phase shift, which means that the signal is inverted when it reaches the receiver. This is consistent with the concept of a ground-reflected path, where the signal is reflected off the ground and experiences a phase shift of 180 degrees.

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31. (216)  For communications purposes, the useable frequency spectrum ranges from

Explanation

The correct answer is 3 hertz (Hz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). This range is considered the useable frequency spectrum for communications purposes. It includes frequencies from the very low end at 3 Hz to the very high end at 300 GHz. This range covers a wide variety of frequencies that are used for different types of communication, including radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves.

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32. (226)  In frequency hopping (FH) operation, the interval at which each transmitter remains on a given frequency for a specific time is known as the

Explanation

In frequency hopping (FH) operation, each transmitter switches between different frequencies at regular intervals. The interval at which each transmitter remains on a given frequency for a specific time is known as the dwell time. This dwell time determines how long the transmitter stays on a particular frequency before hopping to the next one. It is an essential parameter in FH systems as it affects the system's performance and interference mitigation capabilities.

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33. (231)  Which service used the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS) to locate and track amphibious assault craft?

Explanation

The Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS) is a communication system used by the military for real-time tracking and location reporting. The Navy often uses this system to locate and track amphibious assault craft, which are primarily used in naval operations. Therefore, the correct answer is Navy.

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34. (201)  The ability to reproduce the input signal accurately is the characteristics of the receiver's

Explanation

Fidelity refers to the ability of the receiver to reproduce the input signal accurately. It signifies that the receiver can faithfully reproduce the original signal without any distortion or loss of information. This characteristic is important in ensuring that the receiver can accurately capture and interpret the intended message or data from the input signal. Capacity, sensitivity, and selectivity are not directly related to the accuracy of signal reproduction, making them incorrect choices.

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35. (209)  A helical antenna radiates a signal with what type of polarization?

Explanation

A helical antenna radiates a signal with circular polarization because the helical shape of the antenna causes the electromagnetic waves to rotate as they propagate. This means that the electric field vector of the signal rotates in a circular pattern as it travels, rather than being fixed in a horizontal or vertical orientation. Circular polarization is useful in certain applications, such as satellite communication, because it allows for better signal reception regardless of the orientation of the receiving antenna.

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36. (210)  What determines an antenna's location and orientation on the aircraft?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Optimizing the antenna's radiating pattern for its application." This answer explains that the location and orientation of an antenna on an aircraft is determined by optimizing its radiating pattern for its specific application. This means that the antenna is positioned and aligned in a way that allows it to efficiently transmit and receive signals based on the specific needs and requirements of the aircraft's communication or navigation system.

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37. (220)  In a move to overcome the limited range of forward propagation by tropospheric scatter (FPTS) without requiring many costly relay systems, what was developed?

Explanation

Satellite communications were developed as a solution to overcome the limited range of forward propagation by tropospheric scatter (FPTS) without requiring costly relay systems. Satellite communications allow for long-distance transmission of data and signals by using satellites as relay stations in space. This technology bypasses the limitations of terrestrial communication systems, such as microwave and line-of-sight communications, and provides a more efficient and cost-effective solution for long-range communication.

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38. (233)  What must the primary and remote annunciators be capable of in an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Explanation

The primary and remote annunciators in an intrusion detection system (IDS) must be capable of operating independently of one another. This means that they should be able to function separately and perform their intended tasks without relying on each other. This ensures that the system remains operational even if one of the annunciators fails or malfunctions. It also enhances the reliability and effectiveness of the IDS by providing redundancy and reducing the risk of a single point of failure.

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39. (215)  What is the recombination process dependant upon?

Explanation

The recombination process is dependent upon the time of day. This suggests that the process of recombination, which involves the exchange of genetic material between chromosomes, occurs at specific times during the day. It implies that the recombination process is regulated by biological mechanisms that are influenced by the circadian rhythm or other time-dependent factors.

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40. (218)  The main very high frequency (VHF)/ultra high frequency (UHF) communications emphasis is on

Explanation

The main emphasis of very high frequency (VHF)/ultra high frequency (UHF) communications is on air-ground communications. This means that the focus is on facilitating communication between aircraft and ground stations. This type of communication is crucial for ensuring safe and efficient air traffic control, as well as for providing important information to pilots during flights.

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41. (220)  A radio wave originated at a center source in free space.  If the field strength at one mile from the source has a field strength of 100 microvolts per meter, what is the field strength at two miles?

Explanation

The field strength of a radio wave decreases with distance from the source. In this question, the field strength at one mile from the source is given as 100 microvolts per meter. Since the distance is doubled to two miles, the field strength will be halved. Therefore, the field strength at two miles will be 50 microvolts per meter.

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42. (222)  Electromagnetic (EM) deception as it applies to electronic warface (EW) is

Explanation

EM deception in electronic warfare involves intentionally emitting electromagnetic energy with the purpose of conveying false or misleading information to the enemy. This tactic aims to deceive and confuse the adversary by making them believe false signals or misleading information, ultimately disrupting their decision-making process and compromising their combat capabilities.

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43. (201)  What basic receiver function involves having the transmitted electromagnetic wave pass through the receive antenna in such a manner as to induce a voltage in the antenna?

Explanation

Reception is the basic receiver function that involves the transmitted electromagnetic wave passing through the receive antenna in such a manner as to induce a voltage in the antenna. This voltage is then processed and decoded to extract the information carried by the wave. The other options, reproduction, detection, and selection, do not accurately describe this process.

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44. (204)  In a basic communication system, what converts radio frequency (RF) energy's current oscillation into electric and magnetic fields of force?

Explanation

An antenna is the component in a communication system that converts radio frequency (RF) energy's current oscillation into electric and magnetic fields of force. It is responsible for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, allowing for the wireless transmission of information. Antennas come in various forms and sizes depending on the specific application and frequency range. They are crucial in enabling wireless communication and are commonly used in radio, television, cellular networks, and other wireless communication systems.

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45. (209)  All antennas used in satellite communications are designed to be

Explanation

The correct answer is "directional". This means that all antennas used in satellite communications are designed to transmit and receive signals in a specific direction. They are able to focus their energy in a narrow beam, allowing for better signal strength and reception. This is important in satellite communications as it allows for more efficient and reliable communication between the satellite and the ground station.

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46. (212)  Which object has the greatest effect on an antenna?

Explanation

The Earth has the greatest effect on an antenna because it is the largest and closest object to the antenna. The Earth's surface and atmosphere can cause signal reflections, refractions, and absorptions, which can affect the performance and reception of the antenna. The Earth also acts as a ground plane for the antenna, providing a reference point for the antenna's radiation pattern.

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47. (233)  The interior sensor that operates on a principle of magnetic fields imposed on a reed switch is a

Explanation

The correct answer is balanced magnetic switch. This is because a balanced magnetic switch operates on the principle of magnetic fields imposed on a reed switch. A balanced magnetic switch is a type of sensor that uses two magnets to create a balanced magnetic field, which is then detected by the reed switch. This allows the sensor to accurately detect changes in magnetic fields and trigger a response.

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48. (237)  What Air Force instruction (AFI) requires communications squadrons to maintain "installation warning systems"?

Explanation

AFI 10-2501 is the correct answer because it is the Air Force instruction that specifically requires communications squadrons to maintain "installation warning systems." This instruction likely outlines the specific guidelines and procedures for maintaining these systems, ensuring that the communications squadrons are able to effectively warn and communicate with personnel in the event of an emergency or threat. AFI 21-116, AFI 33-106, and AFI 33-119 may be relevant Air Force instructions, but they do not specifically mention the requirement for communications squadrons to maintain installation warning systems.

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49. (238)  In the Whelen siren stacks, what size driver does a speaker cell contain?

Explanation

In Whelen siren stacks, a speaker cell contains a 400-watt driver. This means that the speaker cell is capable of producing sound at a power output of 400 watts.

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50. (238)  In the Whelen siren cabinet, what controls signal routing and power distribution of the system?

Explanation

The motherboard in the Whelen siren cabinet is responsible for controlling the signal routing and power distribution of the system. It acts as the central hub, connecting and coordinating all the different components and functions of the siren system. The motherboard ensures that the signals are properly routed to the appropriate outputs and that the power is distributed efficiently to all the necessary components.

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51. (205)  If the electric field component travels in a plane perpendicular to the Earth's surface, the radio wave is

Explanation

When the electric field component of a radio wave travels in a plane perpendicular to the Earth's surface, the wave is vertically polarized. This means that the electric field oscillates up and down in a vertical direction. The other options can be ruled out because they describe different orientations of the electric field component.

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52. (207)  Which antenna type is usually used on long-range, point-to-point circuits where the concentrated radio energy is needed for circuitry reliability?

Explanation

Unidirectional antennas are usually used on long-range, point-to-point circuits where concentrated radio energy is needed for circuitry reliability. Unlike omnidirectional antennas that radiate radio waves in all directions, unidirectional antennas focus the radio energy in a specific direction, allowing for a stronger and more reliable signal over long distances. This makes them ideal for long-range communication where a concentrated and reliable signal is necessary.

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53. (217)  What frequency bands does the MILSTAR satellite system use?

Explanation

The MILSTAR satellite system uses super-high frequency (SHF) and extremely high frequency (EHF) bands. These frequency bands are commonly used for satellite communication due to their ability to transmit large amounts of data over long distances. SHF frequencies range from 3 to 30 GHz, while EHF frequencies range from 30 to 300 GHz. Using these high-frequency bands allows the MILSTAR system to provide secure and reliable communication for military operations.

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54. (229)  The output power of the AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver is

Explanation

The correct answer is 20 Watts in AM, 50 Watts in FM. This means that the AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver has an output power of 20 Watts when using amplitude modulation (AM) and 50 Watts when using frequency modulation (FM).

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55. (230)  The Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) is commonly referred to as

Explanation

The correct answer is Link 16. The Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) is commonly referred to as Link 16. This system is a secure, jam-resistant, high-speed digital data link used by the military to exchange real-time tactical information such as location, identification, and sensor data. Link 16 provides a common operating picture for multiple platforms, enabling better situational awareness and coordination among military units. It is widely used by NATO and other allied forces for air, land, and sea operations.

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56. (213)  Direct waves are radio waves that travel

Explanation

Direct waves are radio waves that travel through the air in a straight line. Unlike other types of waves, such as ground waves or sky waves, direct waves do not require any reflection or refraction to reach their destination. They are able to travel in a straight line from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna without any interruptions. This characteristic allows direct waves to be used for long-distance communication, as they can travel over large distances without significant loss of signal strength.

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57. (214)  Which gives sky wave propagation its ability to communicate beyond the optical line-of-sight (LOS)?

Explanation

Refraction is the correct answer because it is the bending of radio waves as they pass through different layers of the atmosphere. This bending allows the waves to follow the curvature of the Earth and reach beyond the optical line-of-sight. Reflection, Earth's conductivity, and atmospheric charge do not contribute to sky wave propagation in the same way as refraction.

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58. (219)  Super high frequency (SHF)/extremely high frequency (EHF) range is limited to

Explanation

The correct answer is line-of-sight (LOS). In the super high frequency (SHF)/extremely high frequency (EHF) range, communication signals travel in a straight line from the transmitter to the receiver. This means that there must be a clear line-of-sight between the two points, without any obstacles such as mountains or buildings, for the signal to be received. This is because SHF/EHF signals have a shorter wavelength and higher frequency, making them more prone to being blocked or reflected by objects in their path. Therefore, the range of SHF/EHF signals is limited to line-of-sight transmission.

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59. (214)  Magneton splitting creates two waves called

Explanation

Magneton splitting refers to the phenomenon where a single spectral line splits into two or more lines in the presence of a magnetic field. In this case, the splitting results in two waves, which are referred to as ordinary and extraordinary waves. The ordinary wave propagates parallel to the magnetic field and experiences a refractive index that is independent of the direction of polarization. On the other hand, the extraordinary wave propagates perpendicular to the magnetic field and experiences a refractive index that depends on the direction of polarization. Therefore, the correct answer is ordinary and extraordinary.

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60. (215)  Which layer of the ionosphere is most important to high frequency (HF) communications?

Explanation

The topside layer of the ionosphere is the most important for high frequency (HF) communications. This is because it is the highest region of the ionosphere, closest to outer space, and it allows for long-distance communication by reflecting HF radio waves back to Earth. The topside layer also has the highest electron density, which enhances its ability to reflect HF signals.

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61. (221)  Which is not an example of electronic protection (EP)?

Explanation

Communications intelligence is not an example of electronic protection (EP) because it refers to the collection and analysis of information from communication systems, rather than the protection of those systems from external threats. Electronic protection typically involves measures such as frequency agility, shielding, and countermeasures against interference and jamming to ensure the integrity and security of electronic systems.

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62. (224)  Which switch on the KY-57 VINSON zeroizes channels one through five?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Fill." In the context of the KY-57 VINSON, "zeroizing" refers to the process of erasing or clearing the data on specific channels. To zeroize channels one through five, the switch that needs to be activated is the "Fill" switch. This switch initiates the zeroization process and ensures that the data on those channels is completely erased.

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63. (234)  What device on the advanced entry control system (AECS) allows the operator to install, review, modify, and broadcast databases created to all other workstations?

Explanation

The system administrator terminal is the device on the advanced entry control system (AECS) that allows the operator to install, review, modify, and broadcast databases created to all other workstations. This terminal provides the necessary tools and privileges for managing the system and its databases, ensuring that all workstations have access to the updated and accurate information. It is specifically designed for system administrators to have control over the AECS and its functionalities.

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64. (209)  A long-wire's takeoff angle depends on the antenna's

Explanation

The takeoff angle of a long-wire antenna is determined by its length. The longer the antenna, the lower the takeoff angle, which means the signal is radiated closer to the ground. This can be advantageous for long-distance communication as it allows the signal to travel further before encountering obstacles such as buildings or hills. Therefore, the length of the antenna directly affects its takeoff angle and the effectiveness of the communication.

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65. (211)  In selecting an antenna for a circuit, what is the first thing to look at?

Explanation

When selecting an antenna for a circuit, the first thing to look at is the type of propagation. Propagation refers to how the electromagnetic waves travel from the antenna to the receiver. Different types of propagation, such as line-of-sight or ground wave, require different types of antennas to effectively transmit and receive signals. Therefore, understanding the type of propagation is crucial in selecting the appropriate antenna for the circuit.

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66. (213)  Sky wave transmission is used for which type of communcations?

Explanation

Sky wave transmission refers to the propagation of radio waves in the Earth's atmosphere, where the waves are reflected back to the Earth's surface by the ionosphere. This type of transmission is used for long-distance communications because the radio waves can travel over large distances by bouncing off the ionosphere. It is particularly useful for communication over large bodies of water or across mountainous terrain where line-of-sight communication is not possible. Therefore, the correct answer is "Long distance."

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67. (217)  What frequency band is most susceptible to jamming?

Explanation

High frequency is the correct answer because higher frequency signals have shorter wavelengths, which makes them more susceptible to interference and jamming. This is because shorter wavelengths are easier to disrupt and block, resulting in a higher susceptibility to jamming.

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68. (220)  When K is greater than 4/3, the radio horizon will

Explanation

When K is greater than 4/3, the radio horizon will increase. This means that the range at which radio signals can be received or transmitted will expand.

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69. (229)  Which one of the following statement is not a characteristic of the AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver?

Explanation

The AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver does not operate from 116 MHZ to 149.975 megahertz (MHZ).

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70. (224)  How many selectable traffic key slots does the KG-84A have?

Explanation

The KG-84A has 4 selectable traffic key slots.

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71. (234)  On the advanced entry control system (AECS), which panel configuration monitors sensors and reports and alarm conditions detected?

Explanation

The correct answer is Intrusion detection. This panel configuration on the advanced entry control system (AECS) is responsible for monitoring sensors and reporting any alarm conditions that are detected. It is specifically designed to detect any unauthorized entry or intrusion into a secured area.

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72. (236)  What has the ability to patch different talkgroups together?

Explanation

A dispatch console has the ability to patch different talkgroups together. This means that it can connect and merge different communication channels or groups, allowing users to communicate with each other seamlessly. This feature is particularly useful in emergency situations or large-scale operations where multiple teams or departments need to coordinate and share information efficiently. A control station, portable, or mobile devices do not typically have this capability, making the dispatch console the correct answer.

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73. (236)  How many talkgroups can a trunked mobile radio monitor at one time?

Explanation

A trunked mobile radio can only monitor one talkgroup at a time. This means that it can only receive and transmit communications from one specific talkgroup, rather than multiple talkgroups simultaneously.

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74. (242)  Where do the modulation and digital-to-analog (D/A) converstion take place in the AN/PRC-150?

Explanation

The modulation and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion take place in the Signal Process and Control Module of the AN/PRC-150.

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75. (210)  Aircraft antennas are housed

Explanation

Aircraft antennas are housed inside nonconductive radomes to protect them from external elements and provide a streamlined shape. These radomes are mounted outside or flush with the fuselage to minimize interference with the antenna's signal reception and transmission. Using nonconductive materials helps to prevent signal loss and maintain the efficiency of the antenna system.

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76. (203)  Using figure 1-10, determine the electrical length if the frequency is changed from 150 MHz to 250 MHz.

Explanation

The electrical length of a transmission line is determined by the number of wavelengths it takes for a signal to travel through it. When the frequency is changed from 150 MHz to 250 MHz, the number of wavelengths will remain constant, as the speed of light is constant. Therefore, the electrical length will also remain constant at 8.33 wavelengths.

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77. (203)  If a transmission line is terminated in a short

Explanation

When a transmission line is terminated in a short, it means that the line is connected to a load impedance that is very low, causing a reflection of the signal. This reflection causes the current to be at maximum and the voltage to be at minimum at the termination point.

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78. (208)  Ungrounded lengths of wire specifically designed to be either a half-wavelength or more than a full wavelength long is called a

Explanation

The correct answer is Hertz antenna. A Hertz antenna is an ungrounded length of wire that is specifically designed to be either a half-wavelength or more than a full wavelength long. It is named after Heinrich Hertz, who first demonstrated the existence of radio waves. This type of antenna is commonly used in radio communication systems.

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79. (232)  How many programmable devices can the multiband inter/intra team radio hold?

Explanation

The multiband inter/intra team radio can hold a total of 7 programmable devices.

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80. (233)  On a sensor system the annunciation display must be able to differentiate between

Explanation

The annunciation display on a sensor system needs to be able to differentiate between alarms and tampers. This is important because alarms indicate potential threats or dangers, while tampers refer to unauthorized interference or tampering with the system. Being able to distinguish between the two allows for appropriate action to be taken in each case, ensuring the system's security and effectiveness.

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81. (236)  What provides the interface between dispatch consoles and the central controller in a trunking system?

Explanation

Switching equipment provides the interface between dispatch consoles and the central controller in a trunking system. This equipment is responsible for routing and directing the communication signals between the consoles and the central controller. It ensures that the communication flow is efficient and seamless, allowing for effective coordination and control in the trunking system. Modems, access control, and system management computers may play important roles in the overall functioning of the system, but they do not specifically provide the interface between dispatch consoles and the central controller.

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82. (238)  With the Whelen configuration software, which tabs allow you to troubleshoot the system?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Status and dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF)." This is because the Whelen configuration software allows users to troubleshoot the system by accessing the "Status" tab, which provides information about the system's current status, and the "DTMF" tab, which allows users to test and troubleshoot the dual tone multi-frequency functionality of the system.

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83. (206)  What measurement is used to determine whether an antenna is resonant at a particular frequency?

Explanation

The measurement used to determine whether an antenna is resonant at a particular frequency is the standing wave ratio. The standing wave ratio (SWR) is a measure of how well the antenna is matched to the transmission line and the desired frequency. A low SWR indicates a good match and efficient transfer of power, while a high SWR indicates a poor match and potential signal loss. Therefore, the SWR is an important measurement in antenna tuning and optimization.

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84. (221)  Which electronic warfare (EW) component responds to taskings to search for, intercept, identify, and locate intentional and unintentional sources of radiated energy?

Explanation

Electronic support (ES) is the correct answer because it is the electronic warfare (EW) component that is responsible for searching, intercepting, identifying, and locating intentional and unintentional sources of radiated energy. ES systems gather and analyze electromagnetic emissions to provide situational awareness and support other EW functions such as electronic attack (EA) and electronic protection (EP).

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85. (225)  Centralized control of encryption keys will not reduce

Explanation

Centralized control of encryption keys refers to a system where all encryption keys are managed and controlled by a central authority or entity. While this approach can address certain issues related to procedural, operational, and security problems, it may not necessarily reduce safety problems. Safety problems can arise from various factors such as hardware failures, natural disasters, or unauthorized access to the encryption keys. Centralized control alone cannot eliminate these safety risks, as they require additional measures such as backup systems, redundancy, and physical security to ensure the safety of encryption keys.

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86. (240)  We define link quality analysis (LQA) as

Explanation

The correct answer is "the process of sounding and determining channel clarity." This means that link quality analysis (LQA) involves assessing the clarity of a channel by conducting sound tests. It does not involve reviewing a network station listing or assigning channels to each station, as stated in the other options. Additionally, it does not involve calling to determine channel clarity, as mentioned in the last option.

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87. (205)  What types of polarization do satellite terminals transmit and receive?

Explanation

Satellite terminals transmit and receive signals using right hand and left hand circular polarizations. Circular polarization is used in satellite communication because it provides better resistance to signal degradation caused by atmospheric conditions and other interference. Transmitting right hand circular polarization and receiving left hand circular polarization allows for efficient signal transmission and reception between the satellite and the terminal.

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88. (210)  In airborne antenna applications for frequencies in the upper portion of the HF band, what vertical angles are used for multi-hop, long distance transmission?

Explanation

In airborne antenna applications for frequencies in the upper portion of the HF band, multi-hop, long distance transmission requires specific vertical angles. The correct answer of 5 and 30 degrees suggests that these angles are used for such transmission.

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89. (231)  What type of network radio does the Air Force use for close air support?

Explanation

The Air Force uses the Situation Awareness Data Link (SADL) for close air support. SADL is a network radio system that allows for the exchange of real-time situational awareness information between aircraft and ground stations. It enables pilots to receive and transmit critical information such as target locations, threat updates, and mission updates, enhancing their ability to effectively conduct close air support operations.

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90. (234)  How many hours of power must the uninterrupted power supply (UPS) in an advanced entry control system (AECS) provide in the event that the station power is lost?

Explanation

The uninterrupted power supply (UPS) in an advanced entry control system (AECS) must provide 6 hours of power in the event that the station power is lost. This is necessary to ensure that the AECS continues to function and provide security measures even during a power outage. A 6-hour power supply allows for an extended period of backup power, giving enough time for the station to restore its main power source or for alternative arrangements to be made.

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91. (227)  The RT-1523 SINCGARS radio's time sync and correlator module manipulates control signal outputs during the frequency hopping (FH) mode to

Explanation

The RT-1523 SINCGARS radio's time sync and correlator module shuts down both reception and transmission during frequency shifts. This is done to ensure that the radio remains synchronized with other radios in the network and maintains secure communication during the frequency hopping mode. By temporarily shutting down reception and transmission, the radio can switch to the new frequency without any interference or loss of data.

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92. (203)  Using figure 1-10, determine the wavelength if the frequency is changed from 150 MHz to 250 MHz.

Explanation

The wavelength of a wave can be determined using the formula: wavelength = speed of light / frequency. In this case, the frequency is changed from 150 MHz to 250 MHz. As the frequency increases, the wavelength decreases. Therefore, the wavelength will be shorter at 250 MHz compared to 150 MHz. The correct answer, 1.2 meters, indicates that the wavelength has become shorter.

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93. (227)  Which RT-1523 SINCGARS subassembly removes synchronization and frequency hopping information that is embedded in a receive signal?

Explanation

The interleaver is the correct answer because it is the subassembly in the RT-1523 SINCGARS that removes synchronization and frequency hopping information embedded in a receive signal. It is responsible for separating and organizing the information in a way that can be properly decoded and processed by the system. The modulator, demodulator, and exciter/power amplifier module have different functions and do not perform this specific task.

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94. (217)  Near-vertical incidence sky (NVIS) wave operations are most effective when you're using

Explanation

Near-vertical incidence sky (NVIS) wave operations involve transmitting radio waves at high frequencies (HF) that are reflected off the ionosphere and back down to Earth at near-vertical angles. This allows for reliable short-range communication within a radius of a few hundred kilometers. Lower HF frequencies are more effective for NVIS operations because they have longer wavelengths, which are better suited for near-vertical incidence. Higher HF frequencies have shorter wavelengths and are more suitable for long-range communication. Therefore, lower HF frequencies are the most effective for NVIS wave operations.

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95. (220)  When comparing the radio and optical horizons, which one is farther away and by what percent?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Radio; 15." This means that the radio horizon is farther away compared to the optical horizon, and it is 15% farther.

Submit
96. (203)  Which selection best describes the term "cutoff frequency" when discussing transmission line properties?

Explanation

The term "cutoff frequency" refers to the lowest frequency that a transmission line can successfully pass. This means that any frequency below the cutoff frequency will be attenuated or blocked by the transmission line.

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97. (206)  The standard used to measure the radiating effectiveness (gain) of an antenna system is the

Explanation

The correct answer is isotropic antenna. An isotropic antenna is a theoretical antenna that radiates power uniformly in all directions. It is used as a reference antenna to compare the gain of other antennas. The gain of an antenna is a measure of its ability to focus the radiated power in a specific direction. By comparing the gain of an antenna system to that of an isotropic antenna, we can determine how effectively the antenna system radiates power in a specific direction.

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98. (220)  Why isn't very high frequency (VHF) normally used for satellite communications?

Explanation

VHF is not normally used for satellite communications because ionospheric refraction can occur. The ionosphere is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere that contains charged particles, and it can cause radio waves to bend or refract. This can result in the signals being scattered or absorbed, leading to poor communication quality. Therefore, higher frequency bands are typically used for satellite communications to minimize the effects of ionospheric refraction.

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99. (241)  What is the maximum power of the AN/PRC-150 in frequency modulation (FM) mode?

Explanation

The maximum power of the AN/PRC-150 in frequency modulation (FM) mode is 10 watts.

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100. (229)  What does the low-pass filter of the AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver perform?

Explanation

The low-pass filter of the AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver performs image frequency rejection in receive and harmonic attenuation in transmit. This means that it filters out unwanted frequencies that could cause interference or distortion in the received signal, while also reducing the strength of harmonics generated by the transmitter to prevent interference with other devices.

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(225)  The common name for the method of changing the encryption...
(202)  A combination of a transmitter and receiver that is built...
(202)  Which of the following cannot be performed by the...
(223)  What is the process of unscrambling encrypted informatino...
(213)  Radio waves that travel near the earth's surface are...
(228)  Concerning HAVE QUICK II communications (MWOD), how long...
(216)  What U.S. government agency divides the radio frequency...
(212)  Where is the most challenging location for a radio...
(212)  With a mountain between you and the distant end, which...
(214)  The abbreviation FOT is derived from the term
(215)  Sunspots are disturbances
(221)  Any military action involving the use of the...
(206)  The ability of an antenna to both receive and transmit...
(214)  Frequencies higher than the cricical frequency are
(237)  What is a common problem with a mass alert system in a...
(203)  A transmission line that consists of a center conductor...
(209)  A commmon satellite antenna is the
(239)  In high frequency (HF) communications, your station's...
(234)  Which personnel identification device provides positive...
(204)  The concept that alternation current (AC) changes in...
(206)  What does the effectiveness of an entire transmitting and...
(214)  In high frequency (HF) communications, the lowest...
(214)  What occurs when a transmitted signal travels over two or...
(235)  Which site configuration was designed to provide coverage...
(203)  A nonresonant transmission line is a line
(207)  Which antenna radiates radio energy in a circular pattern?
(215)  During what season do we have the wider range of critical...
(201)  Equipment used for generating, amplifying, and...
(210)  Which type of airborne antenna can be designed into any...
(214)  The path that undergoes a 180 degree phase shift is a
(216)  For communications purposes, the useable frequency...
(226)  In frequency hopping (FH) operation, the interval at which...
(231)  Which service used the Enhanced Position Location...
(201)  The ability to reproduce the input signal accurately is...
(209)  A helical antenna radiates a signal with what type of...
(210)  What determines an antenna's location and orientation...
(220)  In a move to overcome the limited range of forward...
(233)  What must the primary and remote annunciators be capable...
(215)  What is the recombination process dependant upon?
(218)  The main very high frequency (VHF)/ultra high frequency...
(220)  A radio wave originated at a center source in free...
(222)  Electromagnetic (EM) deception as it applies to electronic...
(201)  What basic receiver function involves having the...
(204)  In a basic communication system, what converts radio...
(209)  All antennas used in satellite communications are designed...
(212)  Which object has the greatest effect on an antenna?
(233)  The interior sensor that operates on a principle of...
(237)  What Air Force instruction (AFI) requires communications...
(238)  In the Whelen siren stacks, what size driver does a...
(238)  In the Whelen siren cabinet, what controls signal routing...
(205)  If the electric field component travels in a plane...
(207)  Which antenna type is usually used on long-range,...
(217)  What frequency bands does the MILSTAR satellite system...
(229)  The output power of the AN/GRC-171B(V)4 transceiver is
(230)  The Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS)...
(213)  Direct waves are radio waves that travel
(214)  Which gives sky wave propagation its ability to...
(219)  Super high frequency (SHF)/extremely high frequency (EHF)...
(214)  Magneton splitting creates two waves called
(215)  Which layer of the ionosphere is most important to high...
(221)  Which is not an example of electronic protection (EP)?
(224)  Which switch on the KY-57 VINSON zeroizes channels one...
(234)  What device on the advanced entry control system (AECS)...
(209)  A long-wire's takeoff angle depends on the...
(211)  In selecting an antenna for a circuit, what is the first...
(213)  Sky wave transmission is used for which type of...
(217)  What frequency band is most susceptible to jamming?
(220)  When K is greater than 4/3, the radio horizon will
(229)  Which one of the following statement is not a...
(224)  How many selectable traffic key slots does the KG-84A...
(234)  On the advanced entry control system (AECS), which panel...
(236)  What has the ability to patch different talkgroups...
(236)  How many talkgroups can a trunked mobile radio monitor at...
(242)  Where do the modulation and digital-to-analog (D/A)...
(210)  Aircraft antennas are housed
(203)  Using figure 1-10, determine the electrical length if the...
(203)  If a transmission line is terminated in a short
(208)  Ungrounded lengths of wire specifically designed to be...
(232)  How many programmable devices can the multiband...
(233)  On a sensor system the annunciation display must be able...
(236)  What provides the interface between dispatch consoles and...
(238)  With the Whelen configuration software, which tabs allow...
(206)  What measurement is used to determine whether an antenna...
(221)  Which electronic warfare (EW) component responds to...
(225)  Centralized control of encryption keys will not reduce
(240)  We define link quality analysis (LQA) as
(205)  What types of polarization do satellite terminals transmit...
(210)  In airborne antenna applications for frequencies in the...
(231)  What type of network radio does the Air Force use for...
(234)  How many hours of power must the uninterrupted power...
(227)  The RT-1523 SINCGARS radio's time sync and correlator...
(203)  Using figure 1-10, determine the wavelength if the...
(227)  Which RT-1523 SINCGARS subassembly removes synchronization...
(217)  Near-vertical incidence sky (NVIS) wave operations are...
(220)  When comparing the radio and optical horizons, which one...
(203)  Which selection best describes the term "cutoff...
(206)  The standard used to measure the radiating effectiveness...
(220)  Why isn't very high frequency (VHF) normally used for...
(241)  What is the maximum power of the AN/PRC-150 in frequency...
(229)  What does the low-pass filter of the AN/GRC-171B(V)4...
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