3d0x2 CDCs Volume 1

A homogeneous network is made up of components from the same vendor or compatible equipment that all run under the same operating system or network operating system. This means that all the devices in the network are from the same manufacturer or are compatible with each other, and they all use the same operating system or network operating system. This type of network is easier to manage and troubleshoot because all the components are designed to work together seamlessly.

Degaussing is the process of erasing magnetic media by reducing the magnetic flux to virtual zero by applying a reverse magnetizing field. This process effectively demagnetizes the media, making the previously stored data unreadable. Degaussing is commonly used to securely erase sensitive information from magnetic storage devices such as hard drives, tapes, and floppy disks. It is a reliable method for ensuring that the data cannot be recovered or accessed by unauthorized individuals.

Denial of authorization to operation (DATO) is the correct answer because it signifies that a system is not allowed to connect to the global information grid (GIG). This means that the system has been explicitly denied permission to operate on the GIG, indicating that it does not meet the necessary security requirements or has failed to comply with the necessary regulations. Therefore, DATO serves as a documentation to indicate that the system is not authorized to connect to the GIG.

A Trap message in SNMP is an unsolicited message sent from an agent to the manager. It is used to notify the manager about certain events or conditions that occur in the network. The agent sends the Trap message without any request from the manager, making it an unsolicited message. This allows the agent to proactively inform the manager about important events, such as system failures or security breaches, ensuring timely action can be taken.

Knowledge-based identification and authentication methods require the user to provide something they know, such as a password or personal information. This is different from methods that require something the user has, like a physical token or a fingerprint. In this case, the correct answer is "Know" because knowledge-based methods rely on the user's ability to recall and provide specific information as a means of verifying their identity.

A multi server network typically consists of multiple servers that are interconnected to handle the network's workload. The number of users in such a network can vary depending on the size and capacity of the servers. The range of 50-250 suggests that there are a moderate number of users in the network, which is neither too small nor too large. This range allows for a sufficient number of users to be accommodated while ensuring that the network performance remains stable and efficient.

The correct answer is CAC, which stands for Common Access Card. CAC is the primary unclassified PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) token for individual PKI keys and certificates in the Air Force. It is a smart card that serves as an identification card and authentication tool for military personnel, contractors, and other authorized individuals. The CAC contains a microchip that stores cryptographic information and allows users to securely access computer systems and networks.

A heterogeneous network consists of computer systems from different vendors that run different operating systems and communication protocols. In this type of network environment, there is a mix of hardware and software from various sources, making it diverse and complex. The presence of different operating systems and protocols requires careful integration and compatibility measures to ensure seamless communication and interoperability between the systems.

A single server network typically refers to a small-scale network where a single server is responsible for handling all network requests and providing services to a limited number of users. The range of 10-50 users suggests that this network is designed to support a small group of individuals or a small office environment. This number of users is manageable for a single server to handle the network traffic and provide efficient services without overwhelming the system.

The correct answer is 250-1000. This range indicates that there are between 250 and 1000 users in a multi-server high-speed backbone network. This suggests that the network is capable of handling a significant number of users and is designed to provide fast and reliable connectivity for a large user base.

To permanently connect to the Global Information Grid (GIG) system, the documentation required is an Authorization to Operate (ATO). This means that the entity or organization has been granted official permission to operate and access the GIG system. The ATO indicates that the necessary security controls and measures have been implemented to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system. It is a crucial document that ensures compliance with security standards and regulations before being granted access to the GIG system.

To establish a computer network, a minimum of two computers is required. This is because a network is formed when two or more computers are connected together to share resources and communicate with each other. With only one computer, there would be no other device to connect and create a network. Therefore, the minimum number of computers needed for a computer network is 2.

A Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on a physical network. It is used to identify network nodes on a physically connected network. Each network device has a unique MAC address, allowing data to be sent to the correct destination. This address is assigned by the manufacturer and is hardcoded into the device's network interface card.

The network management area concerned with controlling access points to information is security. Security measures are implemented to ensure that unauthorized users are not able to access sensitive information or gain unauthorized access to the network. This includes implementing firewalls, encryption, access control lists, and other security measures to protect the network and its resources from potential threats and attacks.

The three primary ways to authenticate oneself are through something you know, something you have, or something you are. This means that authentication can be based on knowledge (such as passwords), possession (such as identification cards), or physical characteristics (such as fingerprints or retinal scans). By requiring multiple forms of authentication, it increases the security and reduces the risk of unauthorized access.

In a peer-to-peer network, the number of users typically ranges from 2 to 10. This is because peer-to-peer networks are designed for small-scale connections where users directly interact with each other without the need for a central server. This smaller number of users allows for efficient communication and sharing of resources between the peers. Additionally, with fewer users, it is easier to maintain security and manage the network effectively.

An intranetwork is a privately owned network that restricts access to authorized personnel only. It is typically used within an organization to facilitate communication and data sharing among employees. Unlike an internetwork, which connects multiple networks together, an intranetwork is confined to a single organization and is not accessible to the public. A local area network (LAN) refers to a network that covers a small geographical area, while a homogeneous network refers to a network where all the connected devices have the same operating system or protocol.

The correct answer is "Set." In Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), the "Set" message is used to modify the value of one or more instances of management information. This message allows network administrators to remotely configure and control network devices by changing the values of specific variables or parameters in the management information database. The "Set" message is an essential component of SNMP for managing and maintaining network devices.

The correct answer is Enterprise information technology data repository (EITDR). This is the database of record for registering all systems and applications. It serves as a central repository for storing and managing information related to enterprise IT systems and applications. It helps in maintaining a comprehensive record of all the systems and applications in an organization, including their details, configurations, and relationships. This database is essential for organizations to have a centralized and reliable source of information about their IT infrastructure.

Air Force instruction series 33 covers communications and information.

Degaussing is the preferred method of sanitizing magnetic media. Degaussing involves using a strong magnetic field to erase the data on the media, making it unrecoverable. This method is effective for tapes, hard drives, and other magnetic storage devices. Destroying the media physically or sanitizing it by overwriting the data are also viable options, but degaussing is considered the most secure method as it completely erases the magnetic properties of the media.

A base web server that interfaces with the public must be placed in a de-militarized zone (DMZ) because it acts as a buffer zone between the internal network and the external network. By placing the web server in the DMZ, it provides an additional layer of security by segregating the public-facing services from the internal network. This prevents direct access to the internal network and protects sensitive information from potential attacks or unauthorized access.

Public key infrastructure (PKI) is a cryptographic key and certificate delivery system that enables secure electronic transactions and exchanges of sensitive information between unfamiliar parties. It uses asymmetric key cryptography, where each user has a pair of keys - a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. The public keys are stored in a centralized repository called a certificate authority (CA), which issues digital certificates to verify the authenticity of the public keys. This infrastructure ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of data transmitted over the network, making it an essential component for secure communication.

Connection statistics provide information concerning the bandwidth utilization and the number of connections that are related to specific nodes. This data helps in monitoring and analyzing the network performance, identifying any bottlenecks or issues with specific nodes, and optimizing the network resources. By tracking the number of connections and their utilization, administrators can ensure efficient allocation of bandwidth and troubleshoot any connectivity problems.

The correct answer is "Get". In Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), the "Get" message is used to request a specific instance of management information from a network device. It is used by a manager to retrieve the value of a specific variable or object from an SNMP agent. This message allows the manager to obtain information about the device's configuration, performance, and other parameters for monitoring and troubleshooting purposes.

Destroying is the correct answer because it refers to the process of physically damaging the media to the point where it becomes unusable and the data on it cannot be retrieved by any known exploitation methods. This can involve methods such as shredding, incinerating, or crushing the media to ensure that the information it contains is completely destroyed and cannot be recovered.

A centralized network architecture refers to a setup where all network management duties are handled by a single computer system located at a specific location. This means that all network management tasks, such as monitoring, configuration, and troubleshooting, are performed from this central system. This approach offers the advantage of simplicity and ease of control, as all management functions are concentrated in one place. It also allows for efficient resource allocation and decision-making.

Vulnerability scanners are network devices that perform thorough examinations of systems to identify weaknesses that could potentially lead to security breaches. These scanners are designed to search for vulnerabilities in software, networks, and systems, and provide detailed reports on any potential weaknesses found. By conducting rigorous examinations, vulnerability scanners help organizations identify and address vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by malicious actors, enhancing overall security.

The standard internet protocol is broken down into 4 octets. Octets are groups of 8 bits, and in the case of the internet protocol, each octet represents a portion of the IP address. The IP address is a 32-bit number, divided into 4 octets, with each octet ranging from 0 to 255. This division allows for a total of 4,294,967,296 unique IP addresses to be assigned, which is sufficient for the current needs of the internet.

Sustained communications support teams provide uninterrupted flow of mission critical information to field and in garrison units for the duration of a contingency. These teams are responsible for ensuring that communication systems are operational and reliable, allowing for effective communication between different units and personnel during critical missions.

The program known as theater deployable communications is a state of the art ground to ground communications infrastructure designed to provide base level full spectrum communications to the commander and all agencies on base.

A local area network (LAN) is a communications network that serves users within a confined geographical area. LANs are commonly used in homes, offices, schools, and other small-scale environments. They allow devices such as computers, printers, and servers to connect and share resources, data, and information within the local area. Unlike wide area networks (WANs) or global area networks (GANs) which cover larger areas, LANs are designed for smaller-scale connectivity needs.

The Network Control Center (NCC) is the network entity that provides reliable and secure networks and network services for base level customers. It is responsible for monitoring and controlling network operations, ensuring network availability, and resolving any network issues that may arise. The NCC plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall performance and security of the network infrastructure.

The correct answer is "Broker". In the systems management automated report tracking system (SMARTS) application, the broker component is responsible for maintaining knowledge of available domain managers. The broker acts as a central hub, connecting the consoles, clients, and probes to the appropriate domain managers based on their availability and workload. It facilitates communication and coordination between the different components of the system, ensuring efficient management and tracking of reports.

A certificate authority is responsible for establishing, authenticating, maintaining, and revoking certificates in a public key infrastructure. It is a trusted entity that issues digital certificates to verify the authenticity of public keys and ensure secure communication between parties. The certificate authority verifies the identity of individuals or organizations requesting certificates, signs the certificates to confirm their authenticity, and manages the revocation process if necessary.

Authentication is the measure used to verify the eligibility of a subject and their ability to access certain information. It involves verifying the identity of the subject through credentials such as passwords, biometrics, or security tokens. This process ensures that only authorized individuals can access the information and helps prevent unauthorized access or data breaches.

A Global Area Network (GAN) is a type of communications network that links different interconnected networks over an unlimited geographical region. Unlike a Local Area Network (LAN) or Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), which have limited coverage areas, a GAN allows for communication and data transfer across vast distances. A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a similar concept, but it typically refers to a network that covers a larger area than a GAN. Therefore, the correct answer is Global Area Network (GAN).

The term "threat" refers to the current and perceived capability, intention, or attack directed towards causing a denial of service. It encompasses the idea of a potential danger or harm that can disrupt or compromise the functioning of a system or network. It is different from vulnerability, compromise, or tunneling, as it specifically focuses on the intention and capability to cause harm rather than the weaknesses or methods used to exploit them.

Monitoring is the correct answer because it involves tracking activities on the network and collecting historical data. By monitoring the network, organizations can keep track of the performance and health of their systems, identify any issues or anomalies, and gather data for analysis and improvement purposes. Monitoring allows for real-time tracking and provides valuable insights into network performance, security, and overall efficiency.

According to the Air Force network structure, the Air Force network operations center (AFNOSC) is classified as Tier 1.

The correct answer is "Getnext." The Getnext message is used in SNMP to retrieve multiple pieces of information with minimal overhead. It allows the SNMP manager to request the next set of data from the SNMP agent, making it efficient for retrieving sequential data. This message is commonly used in polling operations where the manager needs to retrieve multiple variables in a single request.

A worm is a type of malicious logic that can become active on an information system without the need to infect a file. Unlike viruses or trojan horses, worms can self-replicate and spread across networks or systems without the need for human intervention. This allows them to quickly infect multiple computers and cause widespread damage. Worms often exploit vulnerabilities in network protocols or operating systems to propagate and can consume significant network bandwidth or system resources.

A private key is a file that is kept with you and allows you to decrypt files that have been encrypted specifically for you using your openly available encryption code. It is called a private key because it is meant to be kept secret and not shared with others. By using your private key, you can unlock and access encrypted information that is intended only for you.

An information system on a network that does not require the use of a CAC or password would be considered a vulnerability. This means that unauthorized individuals could potentially gain access to the system and its information without any form of authentication. This lack of security measures increases the risk of a breach or compromise, making it a vulnerability that needs to be addressed.

The host ID of an IP address is the portion of the address that identifies a specific device on a network. In this case, the given IP address is 131.10.230.120/24. The "/24" indicates that the first 24 bits of the address represent the network portion, and the remaining 8 bits represent the host portion. Therefore, the host ID is 0.0.0.120.

An enclave is a collection of computing environments connected by internal networks and controlled by a single approval authority and security policy. This term is commonly used in the field of cybersecurity to refer to a secure and isolated network or system. Enclaves are designed to protect sensitive information and prevent unauthorized access, ensuring that all communication and data exchange within the enclave is secure and controlled.

Tunneling is the intrusion practice of encapsulating a message that would be rejected by the firewall inside a second message that will pass through the firewall. This technique allows the attacker to bypass the firewall's security measures by hiding the malicious message within a seemingly harmless one. By using tunneling, the attacker can successfully deliver the malicious payload to the target system without being detected or blocked by the firewall.

A bot is a type of malicious logic that can form large networks, known as botnets, without the knowledge of the information system owner. These botnets can be used to launch various attacks, such as DDoS attacks or spreading malware, without the owner's knowledge or control. Bots are typically designed to perform automated tasks, often under the control of a remote attacker, and can spread and infect multiple systems to form a powerful network for carrying out malicious activities.

An enterprise network is the correct answer because it is a type of communications network that connects geographically dispersed offices in other cities or around the globe. It is designed to support the communication needs of a large organization, providing connectivity and data sharing between different locations. This network allows for efficient communication and collaboration among employees, regardless of their physical location.

Key establishment can occur through transfer and agreement. In this process, a pre-existing key is transferred securely from one entity to another, ensuring confidentiality and integrity. The entities involved then agree on a shared key, which can be used for secure communication. This method ensures that both parties have a copy of the same key, enabling them to encrypt and decrypt messages securely.