Medical-surgical Nursing Quiz Questions And Answers

Reviewed by Ives Holganza
Ives Holganza, Associate's Degree (Nursing) |
Care/Clinic Manager
Review Board Member
Ives Holganza, a healthcare professional with 14+ years of diverse nursing experience, serves as Clinic Manager at Medcor. Holding an Associate's degree in nursing from William Paterson University, she delivers high-quality patient care while optimizing clinic operations. Her area of specialization include emergency, acute rehab, long-term care, clinical management, and medical administration.
 , Associate's Degree (Nursing)
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  • 1/10 Questions

    A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Because the client is at risk for hypoglycemia, which of the following does the nurse teaches the client?

    • Glucose tablets and subcutaneous glucagon should be made available.
    • If the client is exercising, the evening dose of NPH insulin can be discontinued.
    • Urine should be monitored for the presence of acetone.
    • Assess for signs of coma and drowsiness.
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About This Quiz

Medical-Surgical Nursing is known as the foundation of nursing practice. Think you can pass a quiz on this topic? Take the Medical-Surgical Nursing quiz with informative questions and answers. Nurses practicing under this title are concerned with the care of adult patients who are in a broad range of medical conditions. And as for the USA, it is the single largest nursing specialty practicing in the country. This is a brief practice test on the same with ten basic questions. All the best!

Medical-surgical Nursing Quiz Questions And Answers - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    In an emergency situation like the occurrence of fire, which of the following should be done first by the nurse?

    • Extinguish the fire.

    • Call the fire department and report the situation.

    • Rescue the client and transfer them to a safe place.

    • Contain the fire.

    Correct Answer
    A. Rescue the client and transfer them to a safe place.
    Explanation
    It is important for nurses to be aware of the fire safety regulations and the fire prevention practices of the agency in which they work. When a fire occurs, the nurse follows four sequential priorities: protect and evacuate clients who are in immediate danger, report the fire, contain the fire, and extinguish the fire.

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  • 3. 

    The primary use of the nasogastric tube is for feeding and for administering oral medications. A nurse teaches a postoperative client about the nasogastric tube that will be inserted in preparation for surgery. The nurse determines that the client understands when the tube will be removed in the postoperative period when the client states that _________________.

    • They can swallow food without vomiting

    • They are comfortable eating solid food

    • Their GI system is completely healed

    • Their bowels begin to function again, and they begin to pass gas

    Correct Answer
    A. Their bowels begin to function again, and they begin to pass gas
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "their bowels begin to function again, and they begin to pass gas". This is the correct statement because the nasogastric tube is used to decompress the stomach and prevent the accumulation of fluids and gas. Once the client's bowels begin to function again and they are passing gas, it indicates that their gastrointestinal system is functioning properly and there is no longer a need for the nasogastric tube.

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  • 4. 

    Hiatal hernia is a condition in which the upper portion of the stomach protrudes into the chest cavity through the opening of the diaphragm called the esophageal hiatus. A nurse is instructing a patient with a hiatal hernia about the fluids that the client can drink that will less likely produce irritation to the gastric mucosa. Which of the following juice is the correct response of the nurse?

    • Tomato juice

    • Pineapple juice

    • Apple juice

    • Grapefruit juice

    Correct Answer
    A. Apple juice
    Explanation
    Apple juice is the correct response because it is less likely to produce irritation to the gastric mucosa. Tomato juice and grapefruit juice are acidic and can aggravate the condition. Pineapple juice contains bromelain, which can cause irritation to the stomach lining. Apple juice, on the other hand, has a lower acidity level and is generally well-tolerated by individuals with hiatal hernia.

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  • 5. 

    Dietary planning for a client with an ileostomy would include telling the client to:

    • Avoid high-fiber foods.

    • Restrict the amount of fluid intake.

    • Limit the calorie intake.

    • Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake.

    Correct Answer
    A. Avoid high-fiber foods.
    Explanation
    The reason for telling a client with an ileostomy to avoid high-fiber foods is because high-fiber foods can be difficult to digest and may cause blockages or discomfort in the digestive system. Since the ileostomy bypasses a portion of the small intestine, it is important to avoid foods that could potentially cause complications. Instead, the client should focus on consuming low-fiber foods that are easier to digest.

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  • 6. 

    Addison’s disease is an endocrine disorder that develops when the adrenal glands are not able to produce enough cortisol. A client with Addison’s disease is receiving fludrocortisone acetate. The nurse knows that the therapeutic effect of this is to _________________.

    • Stimulate thyroid gland production.

    • Activate parathyroid production.

    • Maintain electrolyte balance.

    • Activate the immune response.

    Correct Answer
    A. Maintain electrolyte balance.
    Explanation
    Fludrocortisone acetate is a synthetic corticosteroid that mimics the effects of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Aldosterone is responsible for regulating electrolyte balance in the body, specifically sodium and potassium levels. By administering fludrocortisone acetate to a client with Addison's disease, the nurse is helping to maintain electrolyte balance by increasing sodium reabsorption and promoting potassium excretion. This helps to prevent imbalances that can occur due to the adrenal glands' inability to produce enough cortisol.

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  • 7. 

    A colostomy is a surgical procedure that brings the end of the large intestine through the abdominal wall. A nurse is demonstrating colostomy care to a client with a newly-created colostomy. The nurse demonstrates correct cutting of the appliance by making the opening ______________ larger than that of the client’s stoma?

    • ½ inch

    • ¼ inch

    • 1/8 inch

    • 1/16 inch

    Correct Answer
    A. 1/8 inch
    Explanation
    When demonstrating colostomy care, the nurse should make the opening of the appliance slightly larger than that of the client's stoma. This allows for a better fit and prevents any irritation or damage to the stoma. Making the opening 1/8 inch larger ensures that the appliance will fit comfortably and securely around the stoma without causing any discomfort or leakage.

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  • 8. 

    Sepsis is a severe illness caused by an overwhelming infection of the bloodstream by toxin-producing bacteria. What is the most common portal of entry for microorganisms associated with sepsis?

    • Respiratory tract

    • GI tract skin

    • Skin

    • Urinary tract

    Correct Answer
    A. Urinary tract
    Explanation
    The most common portal of entry for microorganisms associated with sepsis is the urinary tract. Sepsis can occur when bacteria from a urinary tract infection enter the bloodstream, leading to a severe infection throughout the body. This is a common route of entry for microorganisms because the urinary tract is in close proximity to the bloodstream, allowing bacteria to easily spread and cause systemic infection.

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  • 9. 

    Personal protective equipment is used to reduce exposure to hazards. A nurse is preparing to change linens and clean a client who is incontinent of urine. Which of the following protective items should the nurse wear?

    • Gowns, shoe covers, gloves, and eyewear

    • Mask and gloves

    • Gowns and gloves

    • Mask, gown, and gloves

    Correct Answer
    A. Gowns and gloves
    Explanation
    Personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential for minimizing exposure to hazards. When changing linens and caring for an incontinent client, a nurse should wear gloves and a gown. These protective items safeguard the nurse from contact with urine and ensure proper infection control practices in healthcare settings.

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  • 10. 

    Poisoning results from the ingestion, inhalation, or absorption of agents that cause chemical actions that injure the body. Your neighbor called asking what she should do after her 4-year-old daughter swallowed some meiotic acid. What advice should you give her?

    • Give her some Ipecac.

    • Feed her some burnt bread.

    • Give her some aspirin.

    • Make her drink lots of water.

    Correct Answer
    A. Feed her some burnt bread.
    Explanation
    Feeding the child some burnt bread is the correct advice to give in this situation. Burnt bread, specifically charcoal, is known to have adsorptive properties that can help absorb certain toxins in the stomach and prevent them from being absorbed into the bloodstream. This can be helpful in cases of poisoning, as it may reduce the toxicity of the ingested substance. However, it is important to note that this advice should be given in conjunction with seeking immediate medical attention, as professional medical assistance is crucial in cases of poisoning.

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Ives Holganza |Associate's Degree (Nursing) |
Care/Clinic Manager
Ives Holganza, a healthcare professional with 14+ years of diverse nursing experience, serves as Clinic Manager at Medcor. Holding an Associate's degree in nursing from William Paterson University, she delivers high-quality patient care while optimizing clinic operations. Her area of specialization include emergency, acute rehab, long-term care, clinical management, and medical administration.

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  • Mar 11, 2024
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    Expert Reviewed by
    Ives Holganza
  • Jan 14, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    CBRCNursingRevie
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