09-x Ray Tech Review Bank Test (Extremities)

The thumb is indeed known as the first digit. In human anatomy, the thumb is the first digit of the hand, located on the same side as the palm. It is opposable to the other four digits, allowing for precise and coordinated movements, making it an essential part of human dexterity.

The correct answer is carpals. The wrist bones are known as carpals. The phalanges are the bones in the fingers and toes. The tarsals are the bones in the foot. The metatarsals are the bones in the middle of the foot.

The ring finger is commonly known as the fourth digit. It is located between the middle finger and the pinky finger. In terms of numbering, the thumb is considered the first digit, followed by the index finger, middle finger, ring finger, and finally the pinky finger. Therefore, the correct answer is fourth.

The correct answer is "The heel bone." The posterior portion of the calcaneus is commonly referred to as the heel bone. This bone is located in the foot and is responsible for providing stability and support while walking or running. It also plays a crucial role in absorbing shock and transferring weight from the leg to the ground.

The correct answer is calcaneous. The calcaneous, also known as the heel bone, is the largest and strongest bone in the foot. It is located at the back of the foot and helps to support the body's weight and absorb shock during activities such as walking and running.

The pisiform is the smallest wrist bone.

The correct answer is Calcaneus. The calcaneus is the largest and strongest tarsal bone in the foot. It forms the heel and provides stability and support to the foot. The calcaneus also plays a crucial role in walking and running by absorbing and distributing the forces generated during these activities.

Tarsal

The correct answer is scaphoid. In the PA ulnar deviation projection of the wrist, the scaphoid bone is the primary focus. This projection is used to assess the scaphoid bone for fractures or other abnormalities. The scaphoid bone is located on the thumb side of the wrist and is commonly injured in falls or sports activities. By focusing on the scaphoid bone in this projection, radiologists can accurately diagnose any potential issues related to this specific bone.

The wrist is made up of 8 bones. The human wrist is composed of two rows of bones known as the carpal bones. There are 8 carpal bones in total, which include the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate. These bones work together to provide stability and flexibility to the wrist joint, allowing for a wide range of movements.

The coccyx is not fused to the acetabulum. The coccyx is a small, triangular bone at the base of the spine, commonly referred to as the tailbone. It consists of three to five fused vertebrae and does not connect to the hip bones. The ilium, pubis, and ischium are the three parts of the hip bones that fuse together at the acetabulum, forming the pelvis.

Pronation is the correct answer because it refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces down. This movement occurs when the radius crosses over the ulna, causing the palm to turn towards the back or downward. It is the opposite movement of supination, where the palm faces up or forward. Hyperflexion and inversion are unrelated to forearm rotation.

The shoulder girdle consists of the scapula, clavicle, and proximal humerus. The sternum is not part of the shoulder girdle. The scapula, also known as the shoulder blade, is a flat triangular bone that connects the upper arm bone (humerus) to the collarbone (clavicle). The clavicle, or collarbone, connects the sternum to the scapula. The proximal humerus refers to the upper part of the arm bone that connects to the shoulder joint. Therefore, the correct answer is sternum, as it is not part of the shoulder girdle.

The fibula is the lateral bone of the leg. It is located on the outer side of the leg and runs parallel to the tibia, which is the larger bone on the inner side of the leg. The fibula is responsible for providing support and stability to the leg, along with the tibia. It also plays a role in muscle attachment and helps in the movement of the ankle joint.

A 40 degree tube angle is not needed for the PA ulnar deviation projection of the wrist.

The capitate is the largest of the carpal bones. It is located in the middle of the second row of carpal bones, between the trapezoid and the hamate bones. The capitate bone is important for maintaining stability and providing support to the wrist joint. It also plays a role in the movement and articulation of the hand and fingers.

The correct answer is "Os Calcis" because it is another name for the calcaneus. The calcaneus is the largest bone in the foot and is commonly referred to as the heel bone. It is located at the back of the foot and plays a crucial role in weight-bearing and walking. "Scaphoid" is a bone in the wrist, "astragalus" is a bone in the ankle, and "ostentaculus calci" is not a valid term.

The CR location for a PA oblique hand projection should be perpendicular to the third MCP joint. This means that the central ray should be directed straight towards the third metacarpophalangeal joint, which is the joint between the third metacarpal bone and the proximal phalanx of the third finger.

To obtain a PA (Posteroanterior) projection of the wrist, the hand should be made into a fist. This positioning allows for better visualization of the carpal bones and minimizes overlap of the soft tissues. The PA projection is commonly used to evaluate fractures, dislocations, and arthritis in the wrist joint.

Is Oblique

The hand is made up of 27 bones. The human hand consists of three main sections: the carpus (wrist), the metacarpus (palm), and the phalanges (fingers). There are eight carpal bones in the wrist, five metacarpal bones in the palm, and fourteen phalanges in the fingers. Therefore, the total number of bones in the hand is 27.

The CR (central ray) for a PA (posteroanterior) wrist projection should be placed at the base of the third metacarpal. This is because the PA projection allows for better visualization of the carpal bones and joint spaces in the wrist. By placing the CR at the base of the third metacarpal, the central ray is directed through the wrist joint, providing a clear image of the area of interest.

The proximal wrist bones are not pisiform, triquetrium, lunate, and capitate. The correct proximal wrist bones are the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform.

The calcaneus is not part of the ankle joint. It is the largest bone in the foot and forms the heel. The ankle joint is formed by the tibia, fibula, and talus. The tibia is the larger bone of the lower leg, while the fibula is the smaller bone that runs parallel to it. The talus is a bone in the foot that connects the leg to the foot and forms part of the ankle joint.

The correct answer is "perpendicular to the second MCP joint." This means that the central ray (CR) should be directed straight towards the second metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint when performing lateral hand projections. This positioning allows for optimal visualization and assessment of the bones and structures in the hand.

The AP medial oblique projection of the foot is the best view to demonstrate the cuboid bone. This projection provides a clear visualization of the cuboid bone from a medial oblique angle, allowing for a better assessment of any fractures or abnormalities in this specific bone.

The proximal wrist bones include the capitate, trapezoid, lunate, and trapezium. The lunate is one of the eight carpal bones in the wrist and is located on the proximal (closer to the body) side. It is a crescent-shaped bone that articulates with the radius and other carpal bones. The lunate plays an important role in wrist movements and stability, as it helps to transmit forces from the hand to the forearm.

Only in pathological processes or when the lateral elbow is extended beyond 90⁰ flexed position.

Fractures in this area are rare.

The statement is false because a PA projection of the hand does not require all 22 bones to be included. The PA projection only requires the metacarpals and phalanges to be visualized. The carpal bones, which make up the wrist, are not included in a PA projection of the hand. Therefore, not all 22 bones of the hand need to be included in this projection.

The correct answer is Capitate. The Capitate is a bone located in the wrist, specifically in the carpal region. It is one of the eight carpal bones and is the largest bone in the second row of carpal bones. Its name comes from its shape, which resembles a "cap" or a "head". The Capitate is important for wrist movement and stability, as it articulates with several other bones in the wrist and hand.

The statement is incorrect. Side markers are not needed for all wrist projections done on the same film. Side markers are used to indicate which side of the body the image is taken from, and they are typically placed on the image when there is a need to differentiate between the left and right side of the patient. However, in the case of wrist projections, the left and right side can be easily determined by the positioning of the hand and the anatomy being imaged, so side markers are not necessary in this scenario.

The patella, also known as the knee cap, is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. It is located in the front of the knee joint and helps to protect the knee and improve the mechanical advantage of the quadriceps muscles. The patella acts as a fulcrum for the quadriceps tendon, allowing for greater leverage and efficiency of movement.

When positioning a patient for a Lateral Elbow, the radiographer should ensure that the epicondyles are perpendicular to the IR, not parallel. This positioning allows for better visualization of the elbow joint and helps to minimize distortion in the image.

A notch is a concave depression that joins an opposite bone.

The styloids must be superimposed

They are located between the superior and inferior ends of the medial or vertebral border

Capitulum means "little head". This term is often used in anatomy to refer to a small rounded or knob-like structure, resembling a small head. It can also be used in other contexts to describe something small or miniature in size, similar to a head.

The marked line includes the bones Pisiform, Triquetrum, and Scaphoid, but it does not include the bone Capitate.

The intermedial cuneiform bone is one of the tarsal bones located in the foot. It articulates with the metatarsal bones, which are the long bones in the midfoot region. The question asks which metatarsal bone the intermedial cuneiform articulates with distally, meaning towards the end of the bone. The correct answer is the second metatarsal, indicating that the intermedial cuneiform bone forms a joint with the second metatarsal bone.

The lateral fat pad is not one of the most important fat pads on the elbow. The anterior fat pad, posterior fat pad, and supinator fat stripe are all significant fat pads that provide cushioning and protection to the elbow joint. However, the lateral fat pad does not play a major role in elbow function and is therefore not considered one of the most important fat pads.

In a PA (posteroanterior) hand projection, the X-ray beam is directed from the back of the hand towards the front of the hand. This projection allows for better visualization of the metacarpals and phalanges, which are the bones of the hand. Since the wrist bones (carpal bones) are not the primary focus of this projection, they do not need to be included in the X-ray image. Therefore, the statement "You do not need to include the wrist bones on a PA hand projection" is true.

The correct answer is Hamate because it is one of the bones listed in the question. The question asks to name the bone, and out of the options provided, Hamate is the correct answer.

Talus and calcaneus bones and it is called the talocalcaneal joint.

The correct answer is Foot Mediolateral Projection, Calcaneous (Heel)mediolateral projection, and Ankle mediolateral projection because these projections allow for visualization of the tibiotalar joint and show the distal fibula superimposed by the posterior tibia. These projections provide a lateral view of the foot, heel, and ankle, allowing for assessment of the relationship between the bones in this area.

On the posterior or plantar surface at the head of the first metatarsal near the first MTP joint.