OSI Model And TCP/IP Model Quiz Questions

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  • 1/50 Questions

    Data transferred in the Data Link Layer is in the form

    • Physical
    • Transport
    • Network Network layer
    • MAC sublayer of the data link layer
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About This Quiz

This OSI model and TCP\/IP model quiz assesses knowledge on network layers, their interactions, and benefits of layered models. It tests understanding of data transmission, layer functionalities, and basic network commands, crucial for students and professionals in networking.

OSI Model And TCP/IP Model Quiz Questions - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which of the following are benefits of using a layered network model? A . it specifies how changes to one layer must be propagated through the other layers B . it facilitates troubleshooting C . it focuses on details rather than general functions of networking D . it breaks the complex process of networking into more manageable chunks  E . it allows layers developed by different vendors to interoperate.

    • Data link layer

    • Transport layer

    • Physical layer

    • Application layer

    Correct Answer
    A. Application layer
    Explanation
    The correct answer is D. it breaks the complex process of networking into more manageable chunks. The layered network model breaks down the overall networking process into different layers, each with its own specific function. This allows for easier troubleshooting, as issues can be isolated to a specific layer. It also allows for easier interoperability between different vendors, as each layer can be developed independently.

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  • 3. 

    Which of the following are benefits of using a layered network model? A . it specifies how changes to one layer must be propagated through the other layers B . it facilitates troubleshooting C . it focuses on details rather than general functions of networking D . it breaks the complex process of networking into more manageable chunks E . it allows layers developed by different vendors to interoperate.

    • A and B only

    • B, D, and E

    • A and C only

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. B, D, and E
    Explanation
    A layered network model provides several benefits. One benefit is that it facilitates troubleshooting by dividing the network into different layers, making it easier to identify and isolate problems. Another benefit is that it breaks down the complex networking process into more manageable chunks, allowing for easier understanding and implementation. Additionally, a layered network model allows for interoperability between layers developed by different vendors, promoting compatibility and flexibility in network design and implementation. Therefore, the correct answer is B, D, and E.

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  • 4. 

    What are the OSI layers above and below the Session layer

    • Application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical

    • Session, presentation, data transport, MAC, network, physical

    • Physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application

    • Presentation, application, session, network, transport, data link, physical

    Correct Answer
    A. Application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical
    Explanation
    The correct answer is application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical. The OSI model is a conceptual framework used to understand how different network protocols and technologies interact with each other. The Session layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating sessions between applications. Above the Session layer are the Presentation layer, which handles data formatting and encryption, and the Application layer, which includes all user applications. Below the Session layer are the Transport layer, responsible for reliable data delivery, the Network layer, responsible for addressing and routing, the Data Link layer, responsible for framing and error detection, and the Physical layer, which deals with the physical transmission of data.

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  • 5. 

    What are the OSI layer above and below the Session layer.

    • Application and Physical layer

    • Application and Session layer

    • Presentation and Transport layer

    • Transport and Physicl layer

    Correct Answer
    A. Presentation and Transport layer
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Presentation and Transport layer. The Presentation layer is above the Session layer in the OSI model, responsible for data formatting, encryption, and compression. The Transport layer is below the Session layer and is responsible for reliable end-to-end delivery of data, including segmentation and reassembly of data packets.

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  • 6. 

    What is the command that could be test connectivity?

    • Network and Physical layer

    • Application and Session layer

    • Presentation and Transport layer

    • Transport and Physical layer

    Correct Answer
    A. Network and Physical layer
    Explanation
    The command used to test connectivity, such as ping, operates at the Network layer (Layer 3) and interacts with the Physical layer (Layer 1) to verify the connectivity between two devices. The ping command sends ICMP Echo Request packets to the target host and waits for Echo Reply packets to determine if the target is reachable. This process relies on both the Network layer for addressing and routing and the Physical layer for actual data transmission.

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  • 7. 

    Which IEEE standard is also known as Logical Link Control?

    • Http

    • Telnet

    • Ping

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Ping
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Ping. Ping is a utility used to test the reachability of a network host and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer. It is not an IEEE standard, but it is commonly referred to as Logical Link Control because it operates at the network layer and is responsible for establishing and maintaining a link between network devices.

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following components are included in any physical connectivity problems (choose two)

    • IEEE 802.1

    • IEEE 802.2

    • IEEE 802.3

    • IEEE 802.5

    Correct Answer
    A. IEEE 802.2
    Explanation
    IEEE 802.2 is one of the components included in any physical connectivity problems. This is because IEEE 802.2 is a standard that defines the Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer of the data link layer in the OSI model. The LLC sublayer is responsible for managing communication between devices on a local network. Therefore, if there are any physical connectivity problems, such as issues with cables or network ports, the IEEE 802.2 component would be affected.

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  • 9. 

    In what layer of the OSI model is the data received from the Network layer and divided into distinct frames which can then be transmitted by the Physical layer?

    • Hubs

    • Routers

    • Nics

    • Switches

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Nics
    A. Switches
    Explanation
    In the OSI model, the Data Link layer (Layer 2) is responsible for receiving data from the Network layer (Layer 3) and dividing it into frames for transmission over the Physical layer (Layer 1). Network Interface Cards (NICs) and switches operate at the Data Link layer:
    NICs (Network Interface Cards): These devices receive data from the Network layer, encapsulate it into frames, and then pass it to the Physical layer for transmission.
    Switches: These devices operate primarily at the Data Link layer, where they forward frames based on MAC addresses.

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  • 10. 

    Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for error checking?

    • Transport

    • Network

    • Session

    • Data link

    Correct Answer
    A. Data link
    Explanation
    In the Data link layer for the OSI model, error checking is accomplished by the Data link protocol. This layer is responsible for the reliable transmission of data between adjacent network nodes. Error checking mechanisms such as checksums or cyclic redundancy checks (CRC) are implemented at this layer to detect and correct errors that may occur during data transmission. The Data link layer ensures that the data is delivered without any errors or corruption, providing a reliable communication channel between connected devices.

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  • 11. 

     Which of the following operate at the presentation layer?

    • 3- byte Frame check sequence (FCS)

    • 4- byte Frame check sequence (FCS)

    • 5- byte Frame check sequence (FCS)

    • 6- byte Frame check sequence (FCS)

    Correct Answer
    A. 4- byte Frame check sequence (FCS)
  • 12. 

    Error detection and recovery takes place at which layer?

    • Transport

    • Presentation

    • Data link

    • Netwrok

    Correct Answer
    A. Transport
    Explanation
    Error detection and recovery takes place at the transport layer. This layer is responsible for ensuring reliable and error-free communication between the source and destination systems. It provides mechanisms for detecting errors in the data transmission, such as checksums, and can also recover from errors by retransmitting lost or corrupted data. Additionally, the transport layer handles flow control and congestion control to ensure efficient and smooth data transfer.

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  • 13. 

     Which layer handles the formatting of application data so that it will be readable by the destination system?

    • Application

    • Presentation

    • Transport

    • netwrok

    • Data link

    Correct Answer
    A. Presentation
    Explanation
    The presentation layer handles the formatting of application data so that it will be readable by the destination system. This layer is responsible for translating the data into a format that can be understood by the receiving system, including tasks such as data compression, encryption, and decryption. By performing these functions, the presentation layer ensures that the data is properly formatted and can be interpreted correctly by the destination system.

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  • 14. 

    The network layer uses physical addresses to route data to destination hosts.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The network layer does not use physical addresses to route data to destination hosts. Instead, it uses logical addresses, such as IP addresses, to identify and route data packets. Physical addresses, also known as MAC addresses, are used at the data link layer to identify network interface cards (NICs) within a local network. The network layer relies on logical addressing schemes to ensure that data is correctly routed across different networks.

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  • 15. 

     Most logical addresses are present in network interface cards at the factory

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement that most logical addresses are present in network interface cards at the factory is false. Logical addresses, such as IP addresses, are assigned to devices by network administrators or through dynamic allocation protocols like DHCP. These addresses are not typically pre-installed on network interface cards during the manufacturing process.

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  • 16. 

     What are the sublayers of the data link layer?

    • MAC and IPX

    • Hardware and frame

    • MAC and LLC

    • WAN and LAN

    • Mac address

    Correct Answer
    A. MAC and LLC
    Explanation
    The sublayers of the data link layer are MAC (Media Access Control) and LLC (Logical Link Control). The MAC sublayer is responsible for controlling access to the network media and handling the physical addressing of devices. The LLC sublayer is responsible for managing the flow of data between the network layer and the MAC sublayer, providing error detection and correction, and handling frame synchronization.

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  • 17. 

    Select two Application layer protocols used to send and receive files via TCP/IP: (choose 2)

    • Telnet

    • Ftp

    • Ntp

    • Tftp

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Ftp
    A. Tftp
    Explanation
    FTP (File Transfer Protocol) and TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) are both application layer protocols used to send and receive files via TCP/IP. FTP is a standard protocol that allows for the transfer of files between a client and a server over a network. It provides reliable and secure file transfer capabilities. TFTP, on the other hand, is a simpler protocol that is primarily used for transferring small files and is often used in situations where simplicity and speed are more important than advanced features and security. Both protocols are widely used in networking and file transfer applications.

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  • 18. 

    What does NTP stand for ?

    • News Transfer Protocol

    • News protocol Protocol

    • Network Time Protocol

    • Name Tranport Protocol

    Correct Answer
    A. Network Time Protocol
    Explanation
    Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol designed for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. NTP is one of the oldest internet protocols still in use and is essential for maintaining the accuracy of system clocks in servers, workstations, and other networked devices.

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  • 19. 

    Which layer falls between the Presentation layer and the Transport Layer?

    • Application

    • Session

    • Physical

    • Network

    Correct Answer
    A. Session
    Explanation
    The layer that falls between the Presentation layer and the Transport layer is the Session layer. The Session layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating connections between applications. It provides services such as session establishment, maintenance, and synchronization. This layer ensures that data is transmitted securely and reliably between applications by managing the sessions between them.

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  • 20. 

    Transport layer protocols that establish a connection with another node before they begin transmitting data are known as : 

    • Connectionless protocols

    • Syn-oriented protocols

    • Connection-oriented protocols

    • Ack-oriented protocols

    Correct Answer
    A. Connection-oriented protocols
    Explanation
    Connection-oriented protocols establish a connection with another node before transmitting data. This means that a connection is first established between the sender and receiver, and then data is transmitted over this connection. This allows for reliable and ordered delivery of data, as the connection ensures that data is not lost or corrupted during transmission. Examples of connection-oriented protocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which is widely used in the internet for reliable data transmission.

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  • 21. 

    What can be said about TCP/IP ?

    • TCP/IP comprises of several subprotocols

    • TCP/IP comprises of only one protocols

    • TCP/IP has been replaced by ARP

    • TCP/IP has been replaced by IPX/SPX

    Correct Answer
    A. TCP/IP comprises of several subprotocols
    Explanation
    TCP/IP comprises of several subprotocols, which work together to enable communication over the internet. These subprotocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol), among others. TCP is responsible for breaking data into packets, ensuring their reliable delivery, and reassembling them at the destination. IP handles the addressing and routing of these packets across different networks. Additionally, TCP/IP also includes protocols like UDP (User Datagram Protocol) for faster but less reliable communication, and ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) for error reporting and diagnostic functions. Overall, TCP/IP is a suite of protocols that work together to facilitate communication on the internet.

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  • 22. 

    A network layer protocols that reports on the success or failure of data delivery is :

    • IP

    • TCP

    • ARP

    • ICMP

    Correct Answer
    A. ICMP
    Explanation
    ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a network layer protocol that is responsible for reporting on the success or failure of data delivery in a network. It works by sending error messages and operational information to indicate any issues encountered during the transmission of data packets. ICMP is commonly used by network devices to diagnose network connectivity problems, measure round-trip times, and report errors such as unreachable hosts or network congestion. Therefore, ICMP is the correct answer as it specifically deals with reporting the success or failure of data delivery.

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  • 23. 

    Encryption takes place at which layer?

    • Application

    • Presentation

    • Session

    • Transport

    Correct Answer
    A. Presentation
    Explanation
    Encryption takes place at the presentation layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for formatting and encrypting data to be sent across the network. It ensures that the data is in a format that the receiving system can understand and decrypt. Encryption at this layer provides a secure way of transmitting sensitive information over the network, protecting it from unauthorized access.

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  • 24. 

    Error detection and recovery takes place at which layer?

    • Transport

    • Presentation

    • Data link

    • Application

    • Network

    Correct Answer
    A. Transport
    Explanation
    Error detection and recovery takes place at the transport layer. This layer is responsible for ensuring the reliable delivery of data between two devices on a network. It provides error detection mechanisms such as checksums to detect errors in the data being transmitted. In case errors are detected, the transport layer also includes error recovery mechanisms such as retransmission of lost or corrupted data. Therefore, the correct answer is transport.

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  • 25. 

    Which layer establishes, maintains, and terminates communications between applications located on different devices?

    • Application

    • Presentation

    • Session

    • Network

    Correct Answer
    A. Session
    Explanation
    The session layer is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating communications between applications located on different devices. It manages the sessions by handling the session setup, synchronization, and teardown processes. This layer ensures that the data exchange between the applications is reliable and orderly. It also provides services like session checkpointing and recovery in case of failures.

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  • 26. 

    IP is implemented at which OSI model layer?

    • Transport

    • Session

    • Data link

    • Network

    Correct Answer
    A. Network
    Explanation
    IP (Internet Protocol) is implemented at the network layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets across different networks. IP provides the addressing and routing functionality, allowing data to be sent from the source to the destination by determining the most efficient path. It works in conjunction with other protocols at the network layer, such as ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), to ensure reliable and efficient data transmission. Therefore, the correct answer is network.

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  • 27. 

    Which layer handles the formatting of application data so that it will be readable by the destination system?

    • Application

    • Presentation

    • Session

    • Transport

    Correct Answer
    A. Presentation
    Explanation
    The presentation layer handles the formatting of application data so that it will be readable by the destination system. This layer is responsible for translating the data into a format that can be understood by the receiving system, including tasks such as data encryption, compression, and decompression. It ensures that the data is properly formatted and presented to the application layer for further processing.

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  • 28. 

    Packets are found at which layer?

    • Data link

    • Transport

    • Network

    • Session

    Correct Answer
    A. Network
    Explanation
    Correct ! The network layer forms frames from the data link layer into packets.

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  • 29. 

    Which layer translates between physical (MAC) and logical addresses?

    • Network

    • Data link

    • Transport

    • Physical

    Correct Answer
    A. Network
    Explanation
    The network layer is responsible for translating between physical (MAC) addresses and logical addresses. This layer adds logical addresses to packets, allowing them to be routed through different networks. It also determines the best path for data transmission and handles network congestion. Therefore, the network layer is the correct answer for this question.

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  • 30. 

    Bit synchronization is handled at which layer?

    • Data link

    • Transport

    • Session

    • Physical

    Correct Answer
    A. Physical
    Explanation
    Bit synchronization refers to the process of ensuring that the sender and receiver of data are synchronized in terms of the timing of the bits being transmitted. This synchronization is crucial for accurate and reliable data transmission. The physical layer of the OSI model is responsible for the transmission of raw bit streams over a physical medium, such as cables or wireless signals. Therefore, it is the physical layer that handles bit synchronization, ensuring that the sender and receiver are in sync with each other.

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  • 31. 

    Bridges operate at which layer of the OSI model?

    • Physical

    • Data link

    • Transport

    • Network

    Correct Answer
    A. Data link
    Explanation
    Bridges operate at the data link layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for the reliable transfer of data between adjacent network nodes and provides error detection and correction. Bridges are used to connect two or more local area networks (LANs) and forward data packets between them based on their MAC addresses. They examine the destination MAC address of incoming packets and forward them only to the appropriate LAN, improving network efficiency and reducing congestion.

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  • 32. 

    Which of the following protocols are examples of  TCP/ IP transport layer protocols?

    • Ethernet

    • HTTP

    • IP

    • UDP

    • PPP

    • SMTP

    Correct Answer
    A. UDP
    Explanation
    UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is an example of a TCP/IP transport layer protocol. UDP is a connectionless protocol that provides a simple and lightweight method for sending datagrams across an IP network. It does not provide reliable delivery of data, as it does not establish a connection or perform error checking. UDP is commonly used for applications that require fast and efficient transmission of data, such as streaming media, online gaming, and real-time communication.

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  • 33. 

    Which OSI layer defines the functions of logical network-wide addressing and routing?

    • LAYER 1

    • LAYER 2

    • LAYER 3

    • LAYER 4

    • LAYER 5

    Correct Answer
    A. LAYER 3
    Explanation
    Layer 3 of the OSI model, known as the Network layer, is responsible for logical network-wide addressing and routing. This layer handles the delivery of data packets across different networks, ensuring that they are properly addressed and routed to their intended destinations. It uses logical addresses, such as IP addresses, to identify and route data between different networks.

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  • 34. 

    Which of the following protocols are examples of TCP/IP network access layer protocols? ( Choose two )

    • Ethernet

    • HTTP

    • UDP

    • TCP

    • IP

    • SMTP

    • PPP

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Ethernet
    A. PPP
    Explanation
    Ethernet and PPP are examples of TCP/IP network access layer protocols. Ethernet is a widely used protocol for connecting devices in a local area network (LAN), while PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a protocol used to establish a direct connection between two nodes in a network. Both protocols are essential for the communication between devices at the network access layer in the TCP/IP protocol stack.

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  • 35. 

    The process of a web server adding a TCP header to a web page, followed by adding an IP header, and then a data link header and trailer is an example of what ?

    • Data Encapsulation

    • Same-Layer interaction

    • The OSI model

    • All of these answers are correct.

    Correct Answer
    A. Data Encapsulation
    Explanation
    The process described in the question is an example of data encapsulation. Data encapsulation refers to the process of adding headers and trailers to the original data as it moves through different layers of the network protocol stack. In this case, the TCP header, IP header, and data link header and trailer are added successively, encapsulating the original web page data. This process allows the data to be properly formatted and transmitted across the network.

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  • 36. 

    Which OSI layer defines the standards for cabling and connection ?

    • Layer 1

    • Layer 2

    • Layer 3

    • Layer 4

    Correct Answer
    A. Layer 1
    Explanation
    Layer 1 of the OSI model, also known as the Physical layer, is responsible for defining the standards for cabling and connection. This layer deals with the physical transmission of data over the network, including the types of cables, connectors, and electrical signals used. It ensures that the data is properly transmitted and received between devices by establishing and maintaining the physical connection.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following terms are valid terms for the names of the Seven OSI layers ?

    • Application

    • Data Link

    • Transmission

    • Presentation

    • Internet

    • Session

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Application
    A. Data Link
    A. Presentation
    A. Session
    Explanation
    The terms "Application," "Data Link," "Presentation," and "Session" are all valid names for specific OSI layers. "Transmission" and "Internet" are not OSI layer names; "Transmission" might refer to aspects of the Transport layer, and "Internet" corresponds to the Network layer in the OSI model, but it is not the correct name for any specific layer.

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  • 38. 

    Which one of the following networking terms is not associated with the same OSI layer as the others?

    • Router

    • Packets

    • Tcp

    • Ip

    Correct Answer
    A. Tcp
    Explanation
    TCP runs at the Transport layer of the OSI model. The other three terms are associated with the Network layer. The Network layer is sometimes referred to as the "routing layer".

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  • 39. 

    What is the Protocol Data Unit (PDU) employed at the Data Link Layer?

    • Bits

    • Frames

    • Packets

    • Segments

    Correct Answer
    A. Frames
    Explanation
    At the Data Link Layer, the Protocol Data Unit (PDU) employed is frames. Frames are the units of data that are transmitted over the network at this layer. They contain the necessary control information, such as source and destination addresses, error detection, and flow control. Frames are used to encapsulate the data received from the Network Layer and prepare it for transmission across the physical network.

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  • 40. 

    Which layers of the OSI model are included in the lower layers?

    • Application, Session, Presentation

    • Physical, Transport, Data link, network

    • Data link, physical, Network

    • Session, Data link, Physical

    Correct Answer
    A. Physical, Transport, Data link, network
    Explanation
    The lower layers of the OSI model include the Physical, Transport, Data link, and Network layers. These layers are responsible for the physical transmission of data, error detection and correction, and routing of data packets across networks. The Application, Session, and Presentation layers are part of the upper layers of the OSI model, which focus on the interaction between the user and the network.

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  • 41. 

    Which layer uses the Segments as a Protocol Data Unit (PDU)?

    • Network

    • Physical

    • Data link

    • Transport

    Correct Answer
    A. Transport
    Explanation
    The Transport layer uses Segments as a Protocol Data Unit (PDU). The Transport layer is responsible for the reliable delivery of data across a network. It takes data from the upper layers and breaks it into smaller segments. These segments are then transmitted over the network and reassembled at the receiving end. By using segments as PDUs, the Transport layer ensures that the data is properly organized and delivered to the correct destination.

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  • 42. 

    Identify the order of the 5 step encapsulation? 1. Create the segment 2. Convert the Frame to bits 3. Create the packet 4. Create the frame 5. user creats the data

    • 1,2,4,2,5

    • 2,1,3,4,5,

    • 5,1,3,4,2,

    • 5,3,4,1,2,

    Correct Answer
    A. 5,1,3,4,2,
  • 43. 

    Whera is encapsulation used in the osi model?

    • All seven layers of the receiving station

    • At peer layers of the sending station and receiving station

    • Only at the Network layer

    • At the sending Station

    Correct Answer
    A. At the sending Station
    Explanation
    Encapsulation is used in the OSI model at the sending station. This process involves adding protocol-specific headers and trailers to the data at each layer of the model. These headers and trailers contain necessary information for the data to be transmitted across the network. At the sending station, the data is encapsulated with these headers and trailers before being passed down to the lower layers. This ensures that the data is properly packaged and prepared for transmission.

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  • 44. 

    Midi and Mpeg are the examples of the osi seven layer model?

    • Application

    • Session

    • Presentation

    • Network

    Correct Answer
    A. Presentation
    Explanation
    Midi and Mpeg are examples of file formats used for audio and video, respectively. These file formats are not directly related to the OSI seven layer model. The presentation layer in the OSI model is responsible for formatting and presenting data to the application layer, but it does not specifically deal with audio or video file formats. Therefore, the correct answer is presentation.

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  • 45. 

    Which OSI layer incorporates the MAC address and the LLC ?

    • Data link

    • Network

    • Physical

    • Transport

    Correct Answer
    A. Data link
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Data link. The Data link layer of the OSI model is responsible for the reliable transmission of data between two nodes on a network. It incorporates both the Media Access Control (MAC) address, which is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces, and the Logical Link Control (LLC), which manages the flow of data between devices. This layer ensures that data is properly formatted and error-free before it is transmitted to the physical layer for actual transmission over the network.

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  • 46. 

    Identify the purpose of ICMP?

    • Avoiding routing loops

    • Send error and control messages

    • Transporting routing updates

    • Collision detection

    Correct Answer
    A. Send error and control messages
    Explanation
    ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a network protocol that is used to send error and control messages between network devices. These messages are essential for the proper functioning of the network, as they provide feedback about the status and availability of network resources. ICMP messages are used to report errors, such as unreachable hosts or network congestion, and to provide information about network conditions, such as the time it takes for a packet to reach its destination. Therefore, the purpose of ICMP is to send error and control messages.

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following functions is not performed by TCP?

    • Flow control

    • Sequencing

    • Error checking

    • Subnetting

    Correct Answer
    A. Subnetting
    Explanation
    TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is responsible for ensuring reliable communication between devices over a network. It performs various functions such as flow control, sequencing, and error checking. However, subnetting is not a function performed by TCP. Subnetting is a process of dividing a network into smaller subnetworks for efficient routing and addressing purposes. This task is typically handled by the network layer protocols such as IP (Internet Protocol), not TCP.

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  • 48. 

    A traffic light is an example of what type of mechanism?

    • Collision detection

    • Flow control

    • Sequence numbering

    • Network management

    Correct Answer
    A. Flow control
    Explanation
    A traffic light is an example of flow control because it regulates the flow of traffic at an intersection. It controls when each direction of traffic is allowed to proceed, ensuring a smooth and organized movement of vehicles. Flow control mechanisms are used in various systems to manage the flow of data, resources, or events, and in the case of a traffic light, it controls the flow of vehicles to prevent collisions and maintain order on the road.

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  • 49. 

    Windowing is a type of?

    • Negative acknowledgement

    • Address resolution

    • Layer transition mechanism

    • Flow control

    Correct Answer
    A. Flow control
    Explanation
    Windowing is a type of flow control mechanism used in computer networks. It allows the sender to control the amount of data that can be sent before receiving an acknowledgement from the receiver. This helps in optimizing the network performance by preventing congestion and ensuring efficient transmission of data.

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  • Nov 14, 2010
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