Introduction To TCP/IP: Trivia Exam! Quiz
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This is an introduction to the TCP/IP quiz. The Transmission Control Protocol defines how to establish and maintain a network conversation for data exchange. How do you ensure that the internet conceptual model is applied correctly and any issues that arise are handled correctly? This is a good way to test out your skills. Give it a try and see how much revision you may need on the topic. All the best!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The OSI model Network Layer serves which primary purpose?
- A.
It uses layer 3 addresses to create multiple routerd networks.
- B.
It establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between applications.
- C.
It uses logical addresses to identify higher layer applications.
- D.
It builds frames that carry higher layer PDU across network segments.
- E.
It controls dialogs between two or more Presentation Layer entries.
Correct Answer
A. It uses layer 3 addresses to create multiple routerd networks.Explanation
The OSI model Network Layer serves the primary purpose of using layer 3 addresses to create multiple routed networks. This means that it is responsible for addressing and routing data packets across different networks. Layer 3 addresses, also known as IP addresses, are used to identify devices and determine the best path for data transmission. By creating multiple routed networks, the Network Layer enables communication between different networks and ensures efficient and reliable data transfer.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which TCP/IP model protocol provides reliable, sequenced, data delivery for the Application Layer?
- A.
DNS
- B.
Telnet
- C.
ICMP
- D.
UDP
- E.
TCP
Correct Answer
E. TCPExplanation
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is the correct answer because it provides reliable, sequenced data delivery for the Application Layer in the TCP/IP model. TCP ensures that data sent from one device is received accurately and in the correct order by the receiving device. It also includes mechanisms for error detection, flow control, and congestion control, making it a reliable choice for applications that require guaranteed delivery of data.Rate this question:
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- 3.
TCP keeps track of the segments of an e-mail message by placing _________ at the front of each piece.
- A.
A packet
- B.
A header
- C.
A datagram
- D.
An FTP
- E.
An OSI layer
Correct Answer
B. A headerExplanation
TCP keeps track of the segments of an e-mail message by placing a header at the front of each piece. The header contains important information such as the source and destination IP addresses, port numbers, sequence numbers, and other control information. This allows TCP to properly route and reassemble the segments at the receiving end, ensuring reliable delivery of the e-mail message.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Internet Protocol (IP) addresses are how many bits long?
- A.
8
- B.
16
- C.
24
- D.
32
- E.
48
Correct Answer
D. 32Explanation
IP addresses are how many bits long? The correct answer is 32. An IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It consists of four sets of numbers, each ranging from 0 to 255, separated by periods. Each set represents 8 bits, and since there are four sets, the total length of an IP address is 32 bits.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The address 68.56.189.17 belongs to which IP class?
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
E
Correct Answer
A. AExplanation
The address 68.56.189.17 belongs to IP class A because it falls within the range of 1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0, which is reserved for class A addresses. Class A addresses have a default subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and are used for large networks with a large number of hosts.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Regarding assigning IP addresses, the bits that define the __________ of an IP address should not be all 0 bits.
- A.
Octet
- B.
Host Portion
- C.
Network Portion
- D.
Segment
- E.
Routing
Correct Answer
C. Network PortionExplanation
The bits that define the network portion of an IP address should not be all 0 bits. This is because having all 0 bits in the network portion would indicate that the IP address is referring to the default network or the network address itself. In IP addressing, the network portion is used to identify the network to which a device belongs, while the host portion identifies the specific device within that network. Therefore, having all 0 bits in the network portion would result in an invalid IP address.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which device evaluates and acts upon a packet's IP address?
- A.
Switch
- B.
Router
- C.
Hub
- D.
Repeater
- E.
Bridge
Correct Answer
B. RouterExplanation
A router is a device that evaluates and acts upon a packet's IP address. It is responsible for forwarding data packets between computer networks, determining the best path for the packets to reach their destination based on the IP address information. Routers are essential in directing traffic and ensuring that data is sent to the correct destination. Unlike switches or hubs, routers operate at the network layer of the OSI model and make decisions based on IP addresses rather than MAC addresses.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which network device allows us to connect dissimilar network topologies?
- A.
Repeater
- B.
NIC
- C.
Computer
- D.
Hub
- E.
Bridge
Correct Answer
E. BridgeExplanation
A bridge is a network device that allows us to connect dissimilar network topologies. It operates at the data link layer of the OSI model and can connect networks with different protocols, such as Ethernet and Token Ring. A bridge examines the destination MAC address of incoming data packets and forwards them only to the appropriate network segment, reducing unnecessary network traffic. By connecting dissimilar network topologies, a bridge enables communication between different types of networks, improving network efficiency and flexibility.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following does a router use to make forwarding decisions?
- A.
MAC addresses
- B.
Port numbers
- C.
Routing tables
- D.
MAC address tables
- E.
Broadcast addresses
Correct Answer
C. Routing tablesExplanation
A router uses routing tables to make forwarding decisions. Routing tables contain information about the network topology, including the available paths and the associated costs. Based on this information, the router determines the best path to forward packets to their destination. It compares the destination IP address of the packet with the entries in the routing table to find the appropriate next hop. By using routing tables, routers can efficiently and accurately direct network traffic towards its intended destination.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The Network Layer must do what to a received frame first in order to determine the route over which it will forward the datagram to the next network?
- A.
Change the IP address
- B.
Encapsulate the packet
- C.
Change the MAC address
- D.
Decapsulate the packet
- E.
Verify the checksum
Correct Answer
D. Decapsulate the packetExplanation
The Network Layer must decapsulate the packet first in order to determine the route over which it will forward the datagram to the next network. Decapsulation refers to the process of removing the headers added by the previous network layers. By decapsulating the packet, the Network Layer can access the necessary information, such as the destination IP address, to determine the appropriate route for forwarding the datagram.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which TCP/IP protocol passes IP addressing information to any client that requests it?
- A.
DNS
- B.
WINS
- C.
DHCP
- D.
SMB
- E.
FTP
Correct Answer
C. DHCPExplanation
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is the correct answer because it is responsible for assigning IP addresses to client devices on a network. When a client device requests an IP address, DHCP passes the IP addressing information to that client. DNS (Domain Name System) is responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses, WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) is an older system for name resolution in Windows networks, SMB (Server Message Block) is a protocol used for file sharing, and FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for transferring files over a network.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which one of the following protocols allows e-mail clients to download their messages from an e-mail server?
- A.
DNS
- B.
BOOTP
- C.
SMTP
- D.
POP3
- E.
DHCP
Correct Answer
D. POP3Explanation
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) is a protocol that allows e-mail clients to download their messages from an e-mail server. It is commonly used by e-mail clients to retrieve emails from a mail server over a TCP/IP connection. DNS (Domain Name System) is a protocol used for translating domain names into IP addresses. BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol) is a protocol used for assigning IP addresses to network devices. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for sending e-mails between servers. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol used for automatically assigning IP addresses to network devices.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which TCP/IP application allows a network user to remotely log on and manipulate a network device?
- A.
Browser
- B.
Telnet
- C.
FTP
- D.
HTTP
- E.
Rlogin
Correct Answer
B. TelnetExplanation
Telnet is the correct answer because it is a TCP/IP application that allows a network user to remotely log on and manipulate a network device. Telnet provides a command-line interface to access and control devices such as routers, switches, and servers over a network. It enables users to execute commands, configure settings, and manage devices from a remote location. Telnet uses the Telnet protocol to establish a connection between the user's device and the remote device, providing a means for remote administration and troubleshooting.Rate this question:
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- 14.
HTTP is what type of protocol?
- A.
Stateful
- B.
Stateless
- C.
Connection-oriented
- D.
Connectionless
- E.
Rlogin
Correct Answer
B. StatelessExplanation
HTTP is a stateless protocol, meaning that it does not retain any information about previous requests or sessions. Each request and response is independent of any others, and the server does not store any data about the client's state. This allows for faster and more efficient communication between client and server, as there is no need to constantly maintain and update session information. However, it also means that the server cannot remember any previous interactions with the client, and each request must contain all the necessary information for the server to process it.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which basic Telnet command opens a session to a specified host?
- A.
Hello
- B.
Quit
- C.
Close
- D.
Connect
- E.
Open
Correct Answer
E. OpenExplanation
The basic Telnet command "Open" is used to establish a session with a specified host. This command allows the user to connect to a remote host by specifying its IP address or domain name. By using the "Open" command, the user can initiate a Telnet session and interact with the remote host's command-line interface.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which is the best reason to use the FTP application?
- A.
When you need to configure a router or switch
- B.
When you need to access a Web site
- C.
When you need to pass large files over a slow connection
- D.
When you need to remotely access a mainframe computer
- E.
To collect network information
Correct Answer
C. When you need to pass large files over a slow connectionExplanation
The FTP (File Transfer Protocol) application is best used when you need to pass large files over a slow connection. FTP is specifically designed for efficient and reliable file transfer, making it ideal for situations where large files need to be transferred over a connection with limited bandwidth or high latency. Other applications may not be as efficient or reliable in these scenarios, making FTP the best choice.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which FTP command allows you to change directories within a file listing?
- A.
CD
- B.
CHDIR
- C.
CDIR
- D.
NEWDIR
- E.
CHGDIR
Correct Answer
A. CDExplanation
The correct answer is CD. CD is the FTP command that allows you to change directories within a file listing. This command is used to navigate through different directories or folders in the FTP server. By using CD followed by the directory name, you can switch to that specific directory and view its contents.Rate this question:
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- 18.
As a result of issuing the FTP DIR command, each file listing entry begins with a "-"; what does the "-" indicate?
- A.
The entries are directories
- B.
The entries are files
- C.
The entries are executable files
- D.
The entries are invalid
- E.
The entries are encrypted
Correct Answer
B. The entries are filesExplanation
The "-" symbol indicates that the entries are files.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is a valid e-mail address?
- A.
Westnetlearning.com@kdr
- B.
Kdr.westnetlearning.com
- C.
- D.
- E.
Explanation
The correct answer is "[email protected]" because it follows the standard format of an email address, which consists of a username (kdr), the @ symbol, and the domain name (westnetlearning.com).Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which type of software does a mail server use to transfer mail between different types of e-mail programs?
- A.
Cc:Mail
- B.
Uuencode
- C.
Store-and-Forward
- D.
TLD
- E.
Gateway
Correct Answer
E. GatewayExplanation
A mail server uses a gateway software to transfer mail between different types of e-mail programs. A gateway acts as a bridge between different systems or networks, allowing them to communicate and exchange information. In the context of a mail server, a gateway software enables the transfer of emails between different email programs, ensuring compatibility and seamless communication.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What is the binary equivalent of 136 decimal?
- A.
100001000
- B.
11001100
- C.
10010001
- D.
10001001
- E.
10001100
Correct Answer
A. 100001000Explanation
The binary equivalent of 136 decimal is 100001000.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What is the decimal equivalent of binary 11001101?
- A.
201
- B.
203
- C.
205
- D.
207
- E.
209
Correct Answer
C. 205Explanation
The decimal equivalent of binary 11001101 is 205. In binary, each digit represents a power of 2, starting from the rightmost digit as 2^0. By adding up the values of each digit that is 1, we get 2^7 + 2^6 + 2^3 + 2^2 + 2^0, which equals 128 + 64 + 8 + 4 + 1, resulting in 205.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Convert the IP address 172.68.10.2 from decimal to binary.
- A.
10000000.01010101.10100000.00000010
- B.
00011100.00010001.01000010.11001110
- C.
00101110.10110000.11111100.11111111
- D.
110111110.00111111.10111100.00011100
- E.
10101100.01000100.00001010.00000010
Correct Answer
E. 10101100.01000100.00001010.00000010Explanation
The given IP address 172.68.10.2 has been correctly converted from decimal to binary as 10101100.01000100.00001010.00000010.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Convert the binary address 01110011.11001000.00101100.00000010 to decimal.
- A.
13.45.36.128
- B.
115.200.44.2
- C.
192.168.200.2
- D.
100.10.120.3
- E.
114.199.105.36
Correct Answer
B. 115.200.44.2Explanation
The given binary address is divided into four octets: 01110011, 11001000, 00101100, and 00000010. Each octet is converted to decimal separately. The first octet, 01110011, is equal to 115 in decimal. The second octet, 11001000, is equal to 200 in decimal. The third octet, 00101100, is equal to 44 in decimal. And the fourth octet, 00000010, is equal to 2 in decimal. Therefore, the binary address 01110011.11001000.00101100.00000010 is equivalent to the decimal address 115.200.44.2.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which type of IP broadcast address targets all hosts on a specified network segment?
- A.
255.255.255.255
- B.
Netid.255.255.255
- C.
Limited broadcast
- D.
Subnet-directed broadcast
- E.
255.255.255.0
Correct Answer
A. 255.255.255.255Explanation
The correct answer is 255.255.255.255. This is the IP broadcast address that targets all hosts on a specified network segment. When a packet is sent to this address, it is delivered to all hosts on the network, allowing for communication with all devices on the network segment. This is known as a limited broadcast address, as it is limited to the local network segment and does not extend beyond it.Rate this question:
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- 26.
*********Which is the result of adding the IP address 23.176.224.18 with the subnet mask 255.224.0.0?
- A.
23.176.0.0
- B.
25.224.0.0
- C.
23.160.0.0
- D.
23.176.224.0
- E.
25.160.224.15
Correct Answer
D. 23.176.224.0Explanation
The given question asks for the result of adding the IP address 23.176.224.18 with the subnet mask 255.224.0.0. When adding an IP address with a subnet mask, the result is obtained by performing a bitwise AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask. In this case, the bitwise AND operation between 23.176.224.18 and 255.224.0.0 gives the result 23.176.224.0. Therefore, the correct answer is 23.176.224.0.Rate this question:
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- 27.
********Which represents the prefix bits for the subnet mask 255.255.0.0?
- A.
/11
- B.
/23
- C.
/28
- D.
/16
- E.
/21
Correct Answer
A. /11Explanation
The subnet mask 255.255.0.0 has 16 bits set to 1, representing the network portion of the IP address. The prefix length is the number of bits set to 1 in the subnet mask. In this case, there are 11 bits set to 1, indicating a prefix length of /11.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Subnets are created by borrowing bits from the network address's __________ portion.
- A.
Network
- B.
Host
- C.
NAT
- D.
Network mask
- E.
IP Prefix
Correct Answer
B. HostExplanation
Subnets are created by borrowing bits from the network address's host portion. This means that a portion of the host bits is used to create smaller subnetworks within the larger network. By borrowing these bits, the network can be divided into multiple subnets, each with its own unique network address and range of host addresses. This allows for more efficient use of IP addresses and better organization of network resources.Rate this question:
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- 29.
********If we borrow 3 bits from a Class C network address, how many useable subnets have we created?
- A.
6
- B.
3
- C.
8
- D.
10
- E.
4
Correct Answer
C. 8Explanation
By borrowing 3 bits from a Class C network address, we are increasing the number of available subnets. Each borrowed bit doubles the number of subnets. Since we borrowed 3 bits, we have 2^3 = 8 subnets. Therefore, we have created 8 usable subnets by borrowing 3 bits from a Class C network address.Rate this question:
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- 30.
******A device used to isolate an IP address's network portion from its host position is known as
- A.
A subnet mask
- B.
A host mask
- C.
An IP mask
- D.
A broadcast mask
- E.
A network mask
Correct Answer
A. A subnet maskExplanation
A subnet mask is used to isolate an IP address's network portion from its host position. It helps to determine which part of the IP address represents the network and which part represents the host. By using a subnet mask, the network can be divided into smaller subnetworks, allowing for more efficient use of IP addresses and better network management.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which IP packet fragmentation header field specifies where the fragment belongs in the original datagram?
- A.
Identification.
- B.
Fragment Offset.
- C.
Total Length.
- D.
MTU.
- E.
Flags.
Correct Answer
B. Fragment Offset.Explanation
The Fragment Offset field in the IP packet fragmentation header specifies where the fragment belongs in the original datagram. This field indicates the position of the data in the original packet, allowing the receiving device to properly reassemble the fragmented packets back into the original datagram.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which is the IP header protocol number used to specify that the packet's contents were created with TCP?
- A.
6
- B.
10
- C.
17
- D.
4
- E.
8
Correct Answer
A. 6Explanation
The correct answer is 6. In the IP header, the protocol field is used to specify the protocol used in the packet's data payload. The value 6 corresponds to TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which is a reliable and connection-oriented protocol used for data transmission over networks. Therefore, when the protocol field is set to 6 in the IP header, it indicates that the packet's contents were created using TCP.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which network segment hosts respond to an ARP request?
- A.
All hosts on all subnets.
- B.
The router responds on behalf of all segment hosts.
- C.
The ARP server responds on behalf of the segment hosts.
- D.
All devices running IP addresses.
- E.
Only the target host responds.
Correct Answer
E. Only the target host responds.Explanation
When an ARP request is sent, only the target host, which is the host being addressed in the request, will respond. The other options are incorrect because the router does not respond on behalf of all segment hosts, the ARP server does not respond on behalf of the segment hosts, and all devices running IP addresses do not respond to the ARP request. Therefore, the correct answer is that only the target host responds.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which IP protocol allows a diskless workstation to contact a server and obtain an IP address?
- A.
ARP.
- B.
IARP.
- C.
Proxy ARP.
- D.
RARP.
- E.
Proxy RARP.
Correct Answer
D. RARP.Explanation
The correct answer is RARP. RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) is used by diskless workstations to obtain an IP address from a server. It allows the workstation to send its MAC address to the server and request an IP address in return. This is particularly useful in situations where a workstation does not have a permanent storage device to store its IP address configuration.Rate this question:
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- 35.
UDP provides the ability to demultiplex data for an application based on
- A.
A network file system.
- B.
The OSI model.
- C.
A destination port number.
- D.
DNS services.
- E.
Reading a checksum.
Correct Answer
C. A destination port number.Explanation
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) provides the ability to demultiplex data for an application based on a destination port number. In UDP, the source and destination ports are used to identify the specific application or process that should receive the data. By examining the destination port number, the UDP protocol can deliver the incoming data to the correct application on the receiving end. This allows multiple applications to use UDP simultaneously on the same device, as each application can be identified and distinguished by its unique destination port number.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which UDP port number indicates active users?
- A.
11
- B.
9
- C.
13
- D.
7
- E.
5
Correct Answer
A. 11 -
- 37.
Which TCP header control bit represents that the message is initiating a connection?
- A.
URG
- B.
INI
- C.
NEW
- D.
SYN
- E.
PSH
Correct Answer
D. SYNExplanation
The correct answer is SYN. The SYN flag in the TCP header control bit is used to initiate a connection between two devices. When a device wants to establish a connection, it sends a TCP segment with the SYN flag set to the destination device. The destination device then responds with a SYN-ACK segment to acknowledge the request and initiate the connection establishment process.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which of the following two ports are contained in the TCP header?
- A.
Host name server and domain name server.
- B.
Destination and source.
- C.
Active users and FTP.
- D.
FTP and Telnet.
- E.
Who is on system and active users.
Correct Answer
B. Destination and source.Explanation
The correct answer is "Destination and source." In the TCP header, the destination port and source port are included. These ports are used to identify the specific processes or services running on the destination and source devices. The destination port indicates the specific service or process that should receive the data, while the source port identifies the sending process on the source device. This information is crucial for establishing a successful TCP connection and ensuring that the data is delivered to the correct destination.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Which TCP/IP protocol does a network use to find a physical address, given a logical address?
- A.
RARP
- B.
ARP
- C.
DNS
- D.
DHCP
- E.
HDLC
Correct Answer
B. ARPExplanation
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is the TCP/IP protocol used by a network to find a physical address (MAC address) when given a logical address (IP address). It is responsible for mapping the IP address to the corresponding MAC address of a device on the network. This is essential for communication between devices on the same network, as the MAC address is required for data transmission at the physical layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack.Rate this question:
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- 40.
TCP establishes which type of circuit between applications?
- A.
Dynamic.
- B.
Virtual.
- C.
Static.
- D.
Physical
- E.
Connectionless.
Correct Answer
B. Virtual.Explanation
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) establishes a virtual circuit between applications. This means that it creates a logical connection between the sender and receiver, even though the data is actually being transmitted over an underlying physical network. This virtual circuit ensures reliable and ordered delivery of data packets, as well as handling flow control and congestion control. The use of a virtual circuit allows TCP to provide a reliable and connection-oriented communication service to applications.Rate this question:
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- 41.
******Where does the DNS namespace begin?
- A.
The root.
- B.
Top-level domains.
- C.
Hostnames.
- D.
Country code domains.
- E.
WINS.
Correct Answer
B. Top-level domains.Explanation
The DNS namespace begins with the root, which is the highest level in the hierarchy. However, the question specifically asks where the DNS namespace begins, not where it ends. Therefore, the correct answer is top-level domains, as they are the first level below the root in the DNS hierarchy.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The maximum DNS domain name length is how many characters?
- A.
64
- B.
512
- C.
200
- D.
255
- E.
128
Correct Answer
D. 255Explanation
The maximum DNS domain name length is 255 characters. This limit is set by the DNS protocol and ensures that domain names can be properly resolved and managed by DNS servers. Exceeding this limit can cause issues with DNS resolution and may result in errors or failures when trying to access websites or other resources using the domain name.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Zones maintain domain name information in which record types?
- A.
Zone records.
- B.
Domain records.
- C.
Resource records.
- D.
Authority records.
- E.
Host records.
Correct Answer
C. Resource records.Explanation
Resource records maintain domain name information in zones.Rate this question:
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- 44.
___________ supplies network devices reusable IP addresses, and configuration information.
- A.
OSI
- B.
HLEN
- C.
Code 12
- D.
DHCP
- E.
Code 15
Correct Answer
D. DHCPExplanation
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is the correct answer because it is a network protocol that supplies network devices with reusable IP addresses and configuration information. DHCP allows devices to automatically obtain an IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and other network settings from a DHCP server. This eliminates the need for manual IP address configuration and makes it easier to manage and allocate IP addresses within a network.Rate this question:
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- 45.
*****Which DHCP option code is used for specifying vendor specific options?
- A.
6
- B.
128
- C.
44
- D.
46
- E.
8
Correct Answer
E. 8Explanation
DHCP option code 8 is used for specifying vendor specific options. This option allows vendors to define their own options and provide additional configuration parameters specific to their devices or services. By using option code 8, vendors can customize the DHCP configuration to meet the specific requirements of their products or network services.Rate this question:
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- 46.
At which point in the lease period does the client first attempt to renew the lease?
- A.
75%
- B.
50%
- C.
25%
- D.
100%
- E.
85%
Correct Answer
B. 50%Explanation
The client first attempts to renew the lease at the 50% point in the lease period. This means that halfway through the lease, the client will initiate the process of renewing the lease agreement. This could involve negotiating new terms, extending the lease duration, or discussing any changes or updates needed.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What is the correct destination UDP port number for a DHCPDISCOVER message?
- A.
68
- B.
70
- C.
69
- D.
67
- E.
80
Correct Answer
D. 67Explanation
The correct destination UDP port number for a DHCPDISCOVER message is 67. DHCPDISCOVER is a DHCP message used by a client to discover DHCP servers available on the network. The client sends this message to the destination IP address 255.255.255.255, which is the broadcast address, and the destination UDP port number 67. The DHCP server listens on port 67 for DHCPDISCOVER messages and responds with a DHCPOFFER message.Rate this question:
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- 48.
NAT IP address translation assigns external addresses to internal devices in which way?
- A.
It sends internal address requests to a DHCP server.
- B.
It assigns the internal address to one of a pool of external addresses.
- C.
It assigns all internal devices the same external IP address.
- D.
It converts the internal IP address to a private IP
- E.
It assigns the internal address to a DNS server.
Correct Answer
B. It assigns the internal address to one of a pool of external addresses.Explanation
NAT IP address translation assigns external addresses to internal devices by assigning the internal address to one of a pool of external addresses. This means that multiple internal devices can share the same external IP address, allowing for more efficient use of limited IP addresses.Rate this question:
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- 49.
What happens when a dynamic NAT device runs out of addresses to assign?
- A.
The NAT device drops the oldest connection.
- B.
The NAT device shares addresses between internal devices.
- C.
The NAT device multiplexes between internal devices.
- D.
The NAT devices use backup static map entries.
- E.
The NAT device refuses new connections.
Correct Answer
E. The NAT device refuses new connections.Explanation
When a dynamic NAT device runs out of addresses to assign, it refuses new connections. This means that any new devices or connections attempting to use the NAT device will be denied access. This is because the NAT device has exhausted its pool of available addresses to assign to internal devices.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which statement best describes NAT masquerading?
- A.
It hides all internal addresses behind one external address.
- B.
It hides all internal addresses behind one internal address.
- C.
It statically assigns all internal addresses to a single external address.
- D.
It hides all internal addresses behind a single port number.
- E.
It assigns all internal addresses to multiple ports.
Correct Answer
A. It hides all internal addresses behind one external address.Explanation
NAT masquerading refers to a technique where multiple internal IP addresses are hidden behind a single external IP address. This allows multiple devices within a private network to access the internet using a single public IP address. The internal devices communicate with the external network through the NAT router, which modifies the source IP address of outgoing packets to match the external IP address. This way, all internal addresses are masked behind one external address, providing security and conserving IP addresses.Rate this question:
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