Module 2 Oncology Practice Quiz
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The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Which would the nurse expect to note specifically in this disorder?
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Increased calcium level
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Increased white blood cells
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Decreased blood urea nitrogen level
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Decreased number of plasma cells in the bone marrow
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The 'Module 2 Oncology Practice Quiz' focuses on nursing care in oncology, assessing knowledge in managing multiple myeloma, radiation safety, and neutropenia. It equips nurses with practical skills for optimal patient care in oncological settings.
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- 2.
The nurse is developing a plan of care for the client with multiple myeloma and includes which priority intervention in the plan?
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Encouraging fluids
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Providing frequent oral care
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Coughing and deep breathing
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Monitoring the red blood cell count
Correct Answer
A. Encouraging fluidsExplanation
Encouraging fluids is the priority intervention in the plan of care for a client with multiple myeloma because this condition can lead to dehydration and kidney damage. Adequate hydration helps in preventing complications such as renal failure and promotes the elimination of toxins from the body. It also helps in maintaining normal blood volume and preventing hyperviscosity. Therefore, encouraging fluids is crucial in managing the client's condition and preventing further complications.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The nurse is caring for a client with an internal radiation implant. When caring for the client, the nurse should observe which principle?
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Limit the time with the client to one hour per shift
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Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
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Remove the dosimeter film badge when entering the client's room
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Individuals younger than 16 old may be allowed to go in the room as long as they are 6 feet away from the client
Correct Answer
A. Do not allow pregnant women into the client's roomExplanation
Pregnant women should not be allowed into the client's room because radiation exposure can be harmful to the developing fetus. This principle is important to ensure the safety of both the pregnant woman and the fetus.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The client is hospitalized for insertion of an internal cervical radiation implant. While giving care, the nurse finds the radiation implant in the bed. The initial action by the nurse is to:
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Call the physician
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Reinsert the implant into the vagina immediately
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Pick up the implant with gloved hands and flush it down the toilet.
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Pick up the implant with long-handled forceps and place it into a lead container
Correct Answer
A. Pick up the implant with long-handled forceps and place it into a lead containerExplanation
The nurse's initial action should be to pick up the radiation implant with long-handled forceps and place it into a lead container. This is the correct answer because it follows proper protocol for handling radioactive materials. By using long-handled forceps, the nurse can minimize their exposure to radiation and safely transfer the implant into a lead container, which is designed to contain radiation. Calling the physician may be necessary, but the immediate action should be to secure the implant. Reinserting the implant or flushing it down the toilet would be unsafe and inappropriate.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The nurse is caring for a client experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy and develops a plan of care for the client. The nurse plans to:
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Restrict all visitors
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Restrict fluid intake
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Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
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Insert an indwelling catheter to prevent skin breakdown
Correct Answer
A. Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygieneExplanation
The correct answer is to teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene. Neutropenia is a condition characterized by a low level of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps fight off infections. Chemotherapy can further suppress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of pathogens and reducing the risk of infection. By teaching the client and family about the importance of hand hygiene, the nurse is promoting a safe environment and helping to prevent potential complications.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The home healthcare nurse is caring for a client with cancer and the client is complaining of acute pain. The most appropriate nursing assessment of the client's pain would include which of the following?
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The client's pain rating
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Nonverbal cues from the client
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The nurse's impression of the client's pain
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Pain relief after appropriate nursing intervention.
Correct Answer
A. The client's pain ratingExplanation
The most appropriate nursing assessment of the client's pain would include the client's pain rating. This is because the client's self-report of pain is considered the most reliable and valid indicator of their pain experience. It allows the nurse to understand the intensity of the pain and guide appropriate interventions for pain relief. Nonverbal cues from the client and the nurse's impression of the client's pain can provide additional information, but they should not replace the client's self-report. Pain relief after appropriate nursing intervention is an important outcome to assess, but it does not provide a comprehensive assessment of the client's pain.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The nurse is caring for a client who is post-operatively following a pelvic exenteration and the physician changes the client's diet from NPO status to clear liquids. The nurse makes which priority assessment before administering the diet?
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Bowel sounds
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Ability to ambulate
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Incision appearance
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Urine specific gravity
Correct Answer
A. Bowel soundsExplanation
Before administering the clear liquids diet, the nurse should prioritize assessing the client's bowel sounds. This is important because bowel sounds indicate the return of gastrointestinal function and the ability of the client to tolerate oral intake. If bowel sounds are absent or significantly decreased, it could indicate a complication such as ileus or bowel obstruction, which would require further intervention before initiating oral intake. Therefore, assessing bowel sounds is crucial in determining the client's readiness for clear liquids.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The client is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to note specifically in the client?
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Fatigue
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Weakness
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Weight Gain
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Enlarged lymph nodes
Correct Answer
A. Enlarged lymph nodesExplanation
In Hodgkin's disease, a type of lymphoma, the lymph nodes become enlarged due to the abnormal growth of lymphocytes. This is a characteristic finding in this disease and is caused by the accumulation of cancerous cells in the lymph nodes. Fatigue and weakness can be present in many conditions, while weight gain is not typically associated with Hodgkin's disease. Therefore, the nurse would expect to note specifically enlarged lymph nodes in a client with suspected Hodgkin's disease.Rate this question:
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- 9.
During the admission assessment of a client with advanced ovarian cancer, the nurse recognizes which symptom as typical of the disease?
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Diarrhea
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Hypermenorrhea
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Abnormal bleeding
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Abdominal distention
Correct Answer
A. Abdominal distentionExplanation
Abdominal distention is a typical symptom of advanced ovarian cancer. As the tumor grows, it can cause fluid accumulation in the abdomen, leading to abdominal swelling and distention. This can be due to the presence of ascites, a condition where fluid accumulates in the peritoneal cavity. Abdominal distention can cause discomfort and a feeling of fullness. It is important for the nurse to recognize this symptom during the admission assessment to provide appropriate care and support to the client.Rate this question:
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- 10.
When assessing the laboratory results of the client with bladder cancer and bone metastasis, the nurse notes a calcium level of 12mg/dL. The nurse recognizes that this is consistent with which oncological emergency?
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Hyperkalemia
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Hypercalcemia
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Spinal cord compression
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Superior vena cava syndrome
Correct Answer
A. HypercalcemiaExplanation
A calcium level of 12mg/dL in a client with bladder cancer and bone metastasis is consistent with hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia is an oncological emergency that occurs when there is an excessive amount of calcium in the blood. This can be caused by the release of calcium from the bones due to bone metastasis. Hypercalcemia can lead to various symptoms such as fatigue, confusion, constipation, and kidney stones. Prompt intervention is necessary to treat hypercalcemia and prevent further complications.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The female client who has been receiving radiation therapy for bladder cancer tells the nurse that is feels as if she is voiding through the vagina. The nurse interprets that the client may be experiencing:
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Rupture of the bladder
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The developmental of a vesicovaginal fistula
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Extreme stress caused by the diagnosis of cancer
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Altered perineal sensation as a side effect of radiation therapy
Correct Answer
A. The developmental of a vesicovaginal fistulaExplanation
The client's statement about feeling as if she is voiding through the vagina suggests the development of a vesicovaginal fistula. A vesicovaginal fistula is an abnormal connection between the bladder and the vagina, which can cause urine to pass into the vagina. This can occur as a complication of radiation therapy for bladder cancer, as the radiation can damage the tissues and lead to the formation of a fistula. The other options (rupture of the bladder, extreme stress, altered perineal sensation) do not align with the client's symptoms and are less likely explanations.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The nurse is instructing the client to preform a testicular examination. The nurse tells the client:
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To examine the testicles while lying down
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That the best time for examination is after a shower
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To gently feel the testicle with one finger to feel for a growth
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That testicular self-examinations should be done at least every 6 months
Correct Answer
A. That the best time for examination is after a showerExplanation
The best time for examination is after a shower because warm water helps to relax the scrotal sac and makes it easier to feel any abnormalities.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A client is diagnosed with multiple myeloma and the client asks the nurse about the diagnosis. The nurse bases the response on which description of this disorder?
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Altered red blood cell production
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Altered production of lymph nodes
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Malignant exacerbation in the number of leukocytes
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Malignant proliferation of plasma cells within the bone
Correct Answer
A. Malignant proliferation of plasma cells within the boneExplanation
Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that involves the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow. These abnormal plasma cells crowd out healthy blood cells, leading to a decrease in the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This can result in anemia, increased susceptibility to infections, and bleeding problems. Therefore, the correct answer is "malignant proliferation of plasma cells within the bone."Rate this question:
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- 14.
A gastrectomy is preformed on a client with gastric cancer. In the immediate postoperative period, the nurse notes bloody drainage from the nasogastric tube. Which of the following is the appropriate nursing intervention?
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Notify the physician
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Measure abdominal girth
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Irrigate the nasogastric tube
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Continue to monitor the drainage
Correct Answer
A. Continue to monitor the drainageExplanation
The appropriate nursing intervention in this situation is to continue to monitor the drainage. Bloody drainage from the nasogastric tube is expected in the immediate postoperative period after a gastrectomy. It is a normal occurrence due to surgical trauma and is not necessarily a cause for concern. The nurse should continue to monitor the drainage for any changes or signs of complications, but immediate intervention such as notifying the physician or irrigating the nasogastric tube is not necessary unless there are other accompanying symptoms or indications of a problem.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The nurse is teaching a client about the risk factors associated with colorectal cancer. The nurse determines that further teaching related to cancer is necessary if the client identifies which of the following as an associated risk factor?
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Age younger than 50 years of age
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History of colorectal polyps
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Family history of colorectal cancer
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Chronic inflammatory bowel disease
Correct Answer
A. Age younger than 50 years of ageExplanation
Age younger than 50 years of age is not a risk factor for colorectal cancer. The risk for developing colorectal cancer increases with age, particularly after the age of 50. Therefore, if the client identifies age younger than 50 years as a risk factor, further teaching is necessary to correct this misconception.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The nurse is assessing the colostomy of a client who has had an abdominal perineal resection for a bowel tumor. Which of the following assessment findings indicates that the colostomy is beginning to function?
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Absent bowel sounds
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The passage of flatus
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The client's inability to tolerate food
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Bloody drainage from the colostomy
Correct Answer
A. The passage of flatusExplanation
The passage of flatus indicates that the colostomy is beginning to function. Flatus is the gas that is produced in the intestines, and its passage through the colostomy indicates that there is movement and functioning of the bowels. This is a positive sign that the client's gastrointestinal system is starting to work properly after the surgery. Absent bowel sounds, the client's inability to tolerate food, and bloody drainage from the colostomy are all negative findings that would suggest a problem or complication with the colostomy.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The nurse is assessing the perineal wound in a client who has returned from the operating room following an adbominal perineal resection and notes serosanguineous drainage from the wound. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
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Notify the physician
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Clamp the penrose drain
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Change the dressing as prescribed
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Remove and replace the perineal packing
Correct Answer
A. Change the dressing as prescribedExplanation
Serosanguineous drainage is a normal finding in the immediate postoperative period. It is a combination of serum and blood and is expected after an abdominal perineal resection. Changing the dressing as prescribed is the appropriate nursing intervention in this situation. It allows for assessment of the wound, promotes cleanliness, and prevents infection.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The nurse is reviewing the history of a client with bladder cancer. The nurse expects to note documentation of which most common symptom of this type of cancer?
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Dysuria
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Hematuria
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Urgency of urination
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Frequency of urination
Correct Answer
A. HematuriaExplanation
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is the most common symptom of bladder cancer. This occurs because the cancerous cells can cause bleeding in the bladder, which then mixes with the urine. Dysuria, or painful urination, urgency of urination, and frequency of urination can also be symptoms of bladder cancer, but hematuria is the most common and therefore the expected documentation in the client's history.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The nurse is assessing the stoma of a client following a ureterostomy. Which of the following should the nurse expect to note?
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A dry stoma
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A pale stoma
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A dark-colored stoma
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A red and moist stoma
Correct Answer
A. A red and moist stomaExplanation
After a ureterostomy, the nurse should expect to note a red and moist stoma. This indicates a healthy stoma with good blood supply and proper functioning. A dry stoma may suggest dehydration or inadequate blood supply, while a pale stoma may indicate poor circulation. A dark-colored stoma could be a sign of ischemia or necrosis, which are serious complications. Therefore, a red and moist stoma is the expected and desirable outcome after a ureterostomy.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The nurse is caring for a client following a masectomy. Which nursing intervention would assist in preventing lymphedema of the affected arm?
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Placing cool compresses on the affected arm
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Elevating the affected arm on a pillow above heart level
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Avoid arm exercises in the immediate post-operative period
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Maintaining an IV site below the antecubital area on the affected site
Correct Answer
A. Elevating the affected arm on a pillow above heart levelExplanation
Elevating the affected arm on a pillow above heart level can assist in preventing lymphedema of the affected arm. Lymphedema is a condition that occurs when there is an accumulation of lymph fluid in the tissues, leading to swelling and discomfort. By elevating the arm, the nurse helps to promote lymphatic drainage and prevent the buildup of fluid. This position allows gravity to assist in the movement of fluid away from the affected area.Rate this question:
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- 21.
A nurse is monitoring a client for signs and symptoms related to superior vena cava syndrome. Which of the following is an early sign of the oncological emergency?
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Cyanosis
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Arm edema
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Periorbital edema
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Mental status changes
Correct Answer
A. Periorbital edemaExplanation
Periorbital edema is an early sign of superior vena cava syndrome, an oncological emergency. This condition occurs when the superior vena cava, a major vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart, becomes partially or completely blocked. Periorbital edema refers to swelling around the eyes and is caused by the obstruction of blood flow. It is an early sign because it occurs before more severe symptoms, such as arm edema, cyanosis, or mental status changes, manifest. Therefore, periorbital edema is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 22.
A nurse manager is teaching the nursing staff about signs and symptoms related to hypercalcemia in a client with metastatic prostate cancer and tells the staff that which of the following is a serious late sign of this oncological emergency?
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Headache
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Dysphagia
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Constipation
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Electrocardiographic changes
Correct Answer
A. Electrocardiographic changesExplanation
Electrocardiographic changes are a serious late sign of hypercalcemia in a client with metastatic prostate cancer. Hypercalcemia can lead to disturbances in the electrical conduction system of the heart, resulting in abnormal changes in the electrocardiogram. These changes can include prolonged QT interval, ST segment elevation, and T wave abnormalities. If left untreated, these cardiac manifestations can progress to life-threatening arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, or sudden death. Therefore, recognizing and addressing electrocardiographic changes promptly is crucial in managing hypercalcemia as an oncological emergency.Rate this question:
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- 23.
As part of chemotherapy education, the nurse teaches a female client about the risk for bleeding and self-care during the period of the greatest bone marrow suppression (the nadir). The nurse understands that further teaching is needed when the client states:
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"I should avoid blowing my nose"
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"I may need a platelet transfusion if my platelet transfusion if my platelet count is too low"
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"I'm going to take aspirin for my headache as soon as i get home"
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" I will count the number of pads and tampons I use when menstruating"
Correct Answer
A. "I'm going to take aspirin for my headache as soon as i get home"Explanation
The nurse is teaching the client about the risk of bleeding during the period of bone marrow suppression. Aspirin is a blood thinner and can increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, taking aspirin for a headache would not be appropriate during this time. The other statements show an understanding of the risk for bleeding and self-care, such as avoiding blowing the nose, considering a platelet transfusion if the platelet count is low, and monitoring the number of pads and tampons used during menstruation.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The community health nurse is instructing a group of female clietns about self-breast examination. The nurse instructs the clients to preform the examination:
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At the onset of menstruation
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Every month during ovulation
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Weekly at the same time of day
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1 week after menstruation begins
Correct Answer
A. 1 week after menstruation beginsExplanation
The correct answer is 1 week after menstruation begins. This is because the breast tissue is typically less tender and lumpy after menstruation, making it easier to detect any abnormalities. Performing the self-breast examination at this time also ensures that any changes in the breast tissue can be detected early.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The client is diagnosed as having a bowel tumor and several diagnostic tests are prescribed. The nurse understands that which test will confirm the diagnosis of malignancy?
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Biopsy of the tumor
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Abdominal ultrasound
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Magnetic resonance imaging
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Computed tomography scan
Correct Answer
A. Biopsy of the tumorExplanation
A biopsy of the tumor is the most definitive test to confirm the diagnosis of malignancy. It involves removing a small sample of tissue from the tumor and examining it under a microscope to determine if cancer cells are present. This test can provide important information about the type and stage of the tumor, which is crucial for determining appropriate treatment options. Abdominal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography scans can provide valuable information about the tumor's size, location, and characteristics, but they cannot definitively confirm malignancy.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A client with a carcinoma of the lung develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) as a complication of cancer. The nurse anticiaptes that which of the following may be prescribed? Select all that apply.
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Radiation
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Chemotherapy
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Increased fluid intake
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Serum sodium levels
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Decreased oral sodium intake
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Medication that is antagonistic to anitdiuretic hormone?
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Decreased oral sodium intake
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Medication that is antagonistic to anitdiuretic hormone?
Correct Answer(s)
A. Radiation
A. Chemotherapy
A. Serum sodium levels
A. Medication that is antagonistic to anitdiuretic hormone?
A. Medication that is antagonistic to anitdiuretic hormone?Explanation
In a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) due to lung cancer, the nurse would anticipate that radiation and chemotherapy may be prescribed as treatments for the cancer. Serum sodium levels would need to be monitored closely because SIADH can cause hyponatremia (low sodium levels). Medications that are antagonistic to antidiuretic hormone, such as demeclocycline or tolvaptan, may be prescribed to counteract the effects of excessive antidiuretic hormone secretion. Increased fluid intake and decreased oral sodium intake may also be recommended to help correct the electrolyte imbalance.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Oct 09, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 23, 2013Quiz Created by
Amwyatt22
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