Understanding Depression: Key Concepts and Treatments Quiz

Acedia is a term specifically used in the early Christian era to describe a specific emotional state, and it is not related to plants, happiness, or musical instruments.

Anaclitic depression is specifically related to attachment issues and fear of abandonment, rather than being related to mood swings, seasonal patterns, or sunlight exposure.

Anticonvulsants are drugs specifically developed to help manage seizures, but they are also utilized to stabilize mood in individuals with bipolar disorder by enhancing the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA.

Antidepressants are specifically designed to treat depression by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, not induce it like the first incorrect answer suggests. They are not pain relievers or memory enhancers, but rather work on addressing mental health conditions.

Behavioral activation is a technique used in therapy to combat depression by engaging in activities that bring positive reinforcement.

The bereavement exclusion was a criterion in the DSM-IV that prevented the diagnosis of major depressive disorder in individuals who were experiencing grief from the loss of a loved one. This exclusion was removed in the DSM-5 to allow clinicians to diagnose depression in individuals who were grieving.

Bipolar affective disorder is a specific diagnosis within the ICD-10 that involves distinct episodes of mania, hypomania, and depression. It is different from anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders.

Bipolar I disorder is a specific mood disorder characterized by manic episodes, not related to anxiety disorder, personality disorder, or schizophrenia.

Bipolar II disorder is distinct from Bipolar I disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder based on the specific criteria of hypomanic and depressive episodes without a full manic episode. Bipolar II disorder involves distinct mood episodes that are not solely part of another disorder.

A black box warning is specifically related to medications and indicates the potential for hazardous consequences associated with the use of the drug.

Candidate gene studies specifically target genes that are hypothesized to be associated with a particular trait or condition. By comparing allele frequencies between case subjects and controls, researchers can identify potential genetic variations that may contribute to the trait of interest.

Circadian rhythms are primarily related to mental and behavioral changes in response to light and dark cycles in the environment, impacting alertness and energy levels. Disruptions in these rhythms can contribute to symptoms of certain mental health conditions like bipolar disorder.

The cognitive triad refers to the negative beliefs about self, experience, and future that cognitive therapists link to the development and maintenance of depression. It is a key concept in cognitive therapy for depression.

Cortisol is commonly known as the primary stress hormone in the body, with specific effects on mood and stress response. High or low levels of cortisol can have various impacts on mental health and physical well-being.

Dark therapy, also known as darkness therapy, is a treatment used in conjunction with light therapy for patients with bipolar disorder. It involves exposing the patient to darkness for several hours to help regulate their circadian rhythms and potentially reduce symptoms of mania.

A depressive episode is characterized by a sustained period of intense sadness and other symptoms for at least two weeks, which significantly impacts daily functioning.

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a psychiatric condition in the DSM-5 specifically diagnosed in children and adolescents. It is characterized by a persistent irritable or angry mood and frequent temper outbursts that are out of proportion to the situation. It is crucial to distinguish DMDD from other mood disorders and behavioral disorders to provide appropriate treatment.

Dysregulation models focus on the breakdown of adaptive mechanisms related to normal sadness in severe cases of depression.

Dysthymia is a chronic form of depression that is less severe than major depression, and is more persistent. It is not the same as social anxiety disorder, bulimia nervosa, or bipolar disorder.

The endocrine system is a collection of glands that produce and secrete hormones that regulate various bodily functions, as mentioned in the correct answer.

Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is a brief humanistic psychotherapy that draws on person-centered, Gestalt, and constructivist approaches to help individuals explore and understand their emotions in order to promote healing and growth.