Week 2 Halliburton TTP

1. Acoustic porosity services are NOTcapable of recording acoustic waves in

Air-drilled holes

Oil-based mud

Freshwater-based mud

Saltwater-based mud

2. Compressional wave velocity is a function of the elastic properties and bulk density of the medium through which it travels.

True

False

3. Acoustic porosity provides a measure of the effective porosity of the formation.

True

False

4. Which of the following elements are primarily responsible for natural gamma radiation?

Thorium, potassium, and uranium

Potassium, uranium, and calcium

Americium, uranium, and potassium

Polonium, potassium, and thorium

Uranium, thorium, and americium

5. The SP measurement is taken as a potential difference between:

A downhole electrode and a current return electrode, both located on the tool.

A downhole electrode and a reference electrode at the surface.

A downhole electrode and casing.

A downhole electrode and the wireline.

6. The distance between transmitter and receiver is known as:

Offset

Spacing

Arrival

7. Which of the following is the most efficient element at slowing neutrons?

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Helium

8. Compressional wave velocity is a function of the elastic properties and bulk density of the medium through which it travels.

True

False

9. Which wave is the first to be detected at the receiver?

Leaky mode

Stoneley

Compressional

Shear

10. Transmitter-to-receiver distance is known as:

Offset

Spacing

Delta T

Arrival

11. Shear wave energy causes particle deformation that is __________ to the direction of energy propagation.

Perpendicular

Parallel

12. Half-life is defined as:

The period of time needed for radioactivie material to gain one-half of its radioactivity.

The period of time required for a radioactive material to lose one-half of its radioactivity.

The period of time required before radiation emitted from radioactive material is at a safe level.

13. Which of the following zones would show no deflection on the SP curve?

Rmf < Rw

Rmf > Rw

Rmf = Rw

14. Which of the following is not considered a body wave?

Shear wave

Compressional wave

Stoneley wave

15. Neutrons lose more energy in which type of collision?

Glancing

Direct

Static

16. Count rate for the DSNT thermal neutron detector is defined as:

Number of thermal neutron multiplied by 100

Number of epithermal neutrons multiplied by 100

Number of thermal neutrons detected in one second

Number of epithermal neutrons detected in one second

17. The Full Wave Sonic tool is NOTcapable of recording acoustic waves in _______________.

Freshwater-based mud

Oil-based mud

Air-drilled holes

Cased hole

18. Transmitter-to-receiver distance is known as:

Arrival

Delta T

Spacing

Offset

19. The X-signal becomes significant and skin effect becomes a problem in:

Low resistivity formations

High resistivity formations

20. Which of the following statements is true?

21. What type of wave travels fastest through a formation?

Shear

Mud

Surface

Compressional

22. A cycle skip is when P-wave first arrivals at two receivers are selected on different cycles of the waveform.

True

False

23. The physical law which states that resistivity is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to current is:

Ampere’s law

Ohm’s law

Faraday’s law

Mitchell’s law

24. Which type of wave is the first to arrive at the receiver?

Shear

Mud

Stoneley

Compressional

25. In which of the following conditions is the SP response valid?

Oil-based mud

Water-based mud

Air-drilled holes

Cased hole

26. The Full Wave Sonic uses a monopole transmitter to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy.

True

False

27. Which of the following best describes the process by which a gamma ray is detected?

28. Which of the following lithologies would likely result in the highest gamma ray count rate at a detector?

Sandstone

Limestone

Shale

Dolomite

29. Halliburton tools are calibrated at the wellsite using:

The API test pit

Uranium blankets

Halliburton test wells

Thorium blankets

30. What effect do slots cut into the tool housing have on tool mode waves?

Increased velocity

Increased travel times

Decreased travel times

Decreased velocity

31. The minimum travel time from the transmitter to a receiver represents a:

Reflected wave

Totall refracted wave

Critically refracted wave

32. Hydrogen causes an energy loss of about __________ in each direct collision with a neutron.

10%

50%

35%

40%

33. What type of detector is used in the NGRT, D4TG, and GTET?

Sodium iodide (NaI)

Bismuth germinate (BGO)

Cesium iodide (CsI)

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

34. What effect do slots cut into the tool housing have on tool mode waves?

Increased velocity

Decreased travel times

Increased travel times

Decreased velocity

35. Select all of the following that are considered body waves.

Shear Waves

Leaky Mode

Stoneley Waves

Compressional Waves

Mud Waves

Submit

36. The phenomenon by which the R-signal is no longer inversely proportional to resistivity in very low resistivity formations is known as:

Sonde error

Skin effect

Mutual coupling

Quadrature

37. Select all of the following that are considered body waves..

Mud Waves

Compressional Waves

Stoneley Waves

Leaky Mode

Shear Waves

Submit

38. Which of the following is an example of a direct wave?

Mud wave

Stoneley wave

Shear wave

Compressional wave

39. Which of the following three voltages induced in a receiver coil is undesirable and is not related to formation resistivity?

Mutual signal

R-signal

X-signal

40. Which of the following is not a practical advantage of increasing offset between transmitter and receiver?

Potential for deeper depth of investigation beyond the altered zone

Enables accurate data acquisition in large diameter boreholes

Enables faster logging speeds

41. Compressional detla-T (Δtc) is proportional to the reciprocal of P-wave velocity.

True

False

42. _______________ waves are surface waves created by the flexing of the interface between the borehole fluid and formation fluid.

Shear

Leaky mode

Compound

Stoneley

43. For a body wave to be critically refracted, the velocity of acoustic energy through the formation must be _________ than the velocity of the fluid pressure wave through the borehole.

Faster

Slower

44. The X-signal is ________ out of phase with the transmitter current.

360°

270°

180°

90°

45. Stand-off is defined as:

Any physical separation between a detector and formation

The centralization of the detector in the borehole

The distance between the tool and the borehole wall

46. Which of the following statements about the DSNT is true?

The larger the hole size, the higher the count rate detected

The larger the hole size, the lower the count rate detected

Large hole size has no effect on the count rate detected

47. Ionic exchange across the boundary of a permeable formation and an adjacent shale produces an electromotive force in the formation called the:

Liquid junction potential

Membrane potential

Electrokinetic potential

48. The GAPI unit is defined as:

100 % of the thorium blanket calibrator's value.

1/200th the sensitivity of the standard tool as measured in the API test pit.

1/2000th the difference in measured count rates between the high and low intervals of the API test pit.

1/200th the difference in measured count rates between the high and low intervals of the API test pit.

49. Ionic exchange across the interface between two fluids of different salinities produces an electromotive force in the formation called the:

Electrokinetic potential

Liquid juction potential

Membrane potential

50. Which of the following statements is true?

Hydrogen concentration does not influence count rate.

Low concentration of hydrogen results in lower count rates.

High concentration of hydrogen results in lower count rates.

51. Which level can the DSNT detect neutrons?

10 eV– 0.1 eV

1 MeV – 10 eV

10 MeV – 1 MeV

52. Select all of the following that are considered surface waves.

Shear Waves

Stoneley Waves

Compressional Waves

Leaky Mode

Normal Mode

Submit

53. The BCDT compensates for the effects of tool tilt and washouts.

True

False

54. Which of the following is a true statement?

The DSNT is used to determine a value for true resitivity of a formation.

The DSNT is often used as a quantitative estimate of permeability.

55. Which of the following tools is necessary if the specific concentrations of potasium, uranium, and thorium within a rock must be known?

Dual Spaced Neutron Tool (DSNT)

Natural Gamma Ray Tool (NGRT, D4TG, or GTET)

Compensated Spectral Natural Gamma Tool (CSNG)

Spectral Density Logging Tool (SDL)

56. The count rate measured by a natural gamma ray tool is proportional to:

The total amount of only uranium and thorium in the formation.

The energy level of potassium, uranium, and thorium in the formation.

The total amount of potassium in the formation.

The total amount of potassium, uranium, and thorium in the formation.

57. Which of the following zero porosity formations has the highest SS/LS ratio?

Sandstone

Dolomite

Limestone

58. Select all of the following reasons that might result in different count rates for two different tool designs.

Type of crystal used

Different tool housings

Half-lives of radioactive material

Different crystal material

Submit

59. Which of the following is not a potential application of the natural gamma ray measurement of the NGRT, D4TG, or GTET?

Determination of volume of shale

Well-to-well correlation

Determination of diameter of invasion

Assists in determining formation lithology

Depth control

60. The primary objective of logging the Spontaneous Potential (SP) is to determine:

A qualitative indicator of formation permeability.

Mud filtrate resistivity (Rmf).

True resistivity of the uninvaded formation (Rt).

Formation porosity (Φ)

61. Which of the following is the DFL's depth of investigation?.

24 inches

17 inches

12 inches

10 inches

62. How many waveforms are recorded for each FWS transmitter pulse?

8

16

4

2

63. Leaky mode and normal mode waves are used to determine formation properties.

True

False

64. What does Delta-T represent?

The time required for sound to travel from the transmitter to a receiver.

The time required for sound to travel through a one foot interval of formation.

The distance traveled by a direct wave from the transmitter through the formation and detected at the receiver.

65. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mud waves?

Long travel times

Low amplitude at a receiver

Velocity is dependent on borehole fluid

Short travel times

66. Which statement about the DSNT is true?

The SS/LS ratio is inversely proportional to formation pososity.

Different formation lithologies do not affect the formation porosity.

Formation lithology must be known to determine accurate formation porosity.

67. Compressional detla-T (Δtc) _____________ as formation porosity increases.

Remains constant

Decreases

Increases

68. What is the vertical resolution of the DFL?

< 17 inches

< 10 inches

< 12 inches

< 5 inches

69. The magnitude of the primary ground loop current flow is _______________ to formation resistivity.

Proportional

Inversely proportional

70. Ampere's law predicts:

Formation resistivity is directly proportional to current, and inversely proportional to voltage

A magnetic field intersecting a coil of wire will induce an alternating current in that coil.

Current in a coil of wire creates an electromotive force.

71. Depth-derived borehole compensation used by the Long Spaced Sonic compensates for both tools tilt and washouts.

True

False

72. Select all of the following that apply to gamma rays.

Spontaneously emitted from the nucleus of an atom

Positively charged

No atomic mass

Low energy electromagnetic radiation

No electrical charge

Submit

73. Under what condition is an electrokinetic potential created as fluid flows through the mud cake?

Borehole drilled with light mud

Hydrostatic pressure in the borehole balances formation pressure

Borehole drilled with very heavy mud

Hydrostatic pressure is less in the formation than in the borehole

74. An electrode device such as the DFL operates by:

Injecting a voltage into the formation and measuring a current between two electrodes.

Inducing a current into the formation and measuring a voltage between two receiver coils.

Injecting a current into the formation and measuring a voltage drop between two electrodes.

Inducing a voltage into the formation and measuring a current between two receiver coils.

75. Select the true statements regarding calibrating neutron tools at Halliburton.

All tools are calibrated at the API test pit in Houston.

A snow block is used to verify neutron tools at the well site..

A horizontal water tank is used to calibrate neutron tools at the well site.

The standard tool is calibrated at the API test pit in Houston.

Submit

76. A majority of the deflection observed on an SP log is the result of:

Electrokinetic potentials

Liquid junction potential

Membrane potential

Electrochemical potentials

77. Stoneley wave velocities are not important for the purpose of formation evaluation.

True

False

78. Which of the following is the primary method of minimizing the mutual signal from the measured receiver voltage?

Measurement of the X-signal in very low resistivity formations.

Subtraction of sonde error from the measurement.

The use of multiple transmitter and/or receiver coils.

Correction for skin effect in very low resistivity formations.

79. Ionic exchange resulting from a pressure differential between the formation and the borehole produces an electromotive force called the:

Electrochemical potential

Electrokinetic potential

Membrane potential

Liquid junction potential

80. A primary objective of logging the Digitally Focused Laterolog (DFL) is to determine:

Formation water resistivity (Rw)

True resistivity of the uninvaded formation (Rt)

Mud filtrate resistivity (Rmf)

Flushed zone resistivity (Rxo)

81. On the DFL, measure current (MC) is:

Emitted from the A0 electrode and returns to the upper and lower A1 electrodes.

Emitted from the current return electrode and returns to the A0 electrode.

Emitted from the A0 electrode and returns to the current return electrode.

Emitted from the upper and lower A1 electrodes and returns to the A0 electrode.

82. On the DFL, bucking current (BC) is:

Emitted from the Ao electrode and returns to the upper and lower A1 electrodes.

Emitted from the Ao electrode and returns to the current return electrode.

Emitted from the current return electrode and returns to the Ao electrode.

Emitted from the upper and lower A1 electrodes and returns to the Ao electrode.

83. Select all of the potential applications of logging the DSNT tool.

Measure formation porosity

Measure formation permeability

Identification of gas bearing formations

Determine formation lithology

Determine formation resitivity

Submit

84.

What does the deep resistivity curve in Zone A, at 1386' read?

2 ohm-meters

2002 ohm-meters

2,020 ohm-meters

2,200 ohm-meters

20,000 ohm-meters

85.

Based on the resistivity curve profile in Zone B, what can you say about Rmf versus Rw

Rmf is greater than Rw

Rmf is less than Rw

Rmf is equal to Rw

86. Faraday's law predicts:

A magnetic field intersecting a coil of wire will induce an alternating voltage in that coil.

Resistivity of a formation is inversely proportional to voltage, and directly proportional to current.

Current in a coil of wire creates an electromotive force.

87. In formations where shear velocity is slower than the velocity of the fluid pressure wave through the borehole, the FWS monopole transmitter will generate critically refracted shear waves.

True

False

88.

Based on the resistivity curve profile in Zone B what can you say about Rmf versus Rw

Rmf is greater than Rw

Rmf is less than Rw

Rmf is equal to Rw

89. Measure voltage (V_E) and bucking voltage (V_B) are measured between:

The Ao electrode and the current return electrode

Monitor electrodes positioned along the HRID sonde assembly

The Ao electrode and the upper and lower A1 electrodes

Receiver coils within the HRID sonde assembly

90. What effect does substituting chlorine and sodium for hydrogen have on the thermal neutron count rate?

Decreases the count rate

Increases the count rate

Does not change the count rate

91.

Why don't the deep resistivity and short guard curves overlay in Zone A.

Borehole corrections have been applied to the readings

Gas corrections have been applied to the readings

Borehole corrections have NOT been applied to the readings

The borehole fluid has invaded into Zone A

The formation fluids are entering the wellbore in Zone A

92.

Explain the log response in Zone A.

Zone A is most probably a sandstone saturated with oil

Zone A is most probably a sandstone saturated with gas

Zone A is most probably a sandstone saturated with fresh water

Zone A is most probably a sandstone saturated with salt water

Zone A is most probably a shale

93.

Based on the resistivity curves what can you say about the response across Zone B

There is an indication of high salt water saturation

There is an indication of permeability

There is an indication of zero porosity

There is an indication of high neutron porosity

94.

Based on the resistivity curve profile across Zone A, what can you say about the Rmf versus Rw?

Rmf greater than Rw

Rmf less than Rw

Rmf equal to Rw

95.

Based on the readings of the resistivity curves what can you say most probably about the saturations in Zone B

Zone B is saturated with oil

Zone B is saturated with gas

Zone B is saturated with fresh water

Zone B is saturated with salt water

96.

Based on the resistivity curve profile what can you say about Rmf versus Rw

Rmf is greater than Rw

Rmf is less than Rw

Rmf is equal to Rw

97. Select all of the potential applications of the SP measurement.

Determination of formation water resistivity (Rw)

Determination of volume of shale

Estimation of diameter of invasion

Well-to-well correlation

Determination of bed thickness

Submit

98. Select all of the following synthetic depths of investigation of the HRID.

91-inches

60-inches

39-inches

30-inches

24-inches

Submit

99. The DFL simultaneously emits survey current and bucking current. Voltage is measured between sets of monitor electrodes positioned along the HRID sonde assembly. With these measures of current and voltage, software determines resistivity using Ohm's law.

True

False

100. With all other parameters being the same, which of the following will cause an INCREASE in the density porosity for a given SANDSTONE formation on our log

Formation Porosity increases

Formation Porosity decreases

There is gas in the formation

Using a Limestone matrix for the neutron porosity calculation

Using a Sandstone matrix for the neutron porosity calculation

Using a Dolomite matrix for the neutron porosity calculation

Submit

101. Select all the potential applications of the DFL measurement when combined with the HRID measurement.

Measure formation porosity

Qualitative estimation of permeability

Measure resistivity of the drilling fluid

Determination of flushed zone water saturation

Estimation of diameter of invasion

Submit

102. Select all of the following that must be corrected in order to ensure the 91-inch HRID measurement accurately reflects R_t.

Permeability

Invaded mud filtrate

Shoulder bed resitivity

Borehole resistivity

Formation water resistivity

Submit

103. With all other parameters being the same, which of the following will cause an INCREASE in the neutron porosity for a given SANDSTONE formation on our log

Formation Porosity increases

Formation Porosity decreases

Formation Temperature increases

Formation Temperature decreases

Hole size increases

Hole size decreases

Formation Pressure increases

Formation Pressure decreases

There is gas in the formation

Using a Limestone matrix for the neutron porosity calculation

Using a Sandstone matrix for the neutron porosity calculation

Using a Dolomite matrix for the neutron porosity calculation