US/Va History Midterm Exam

The New Jersey Plan was referred to as the "small states plan" because it proposed a unicameral legislature where each state would have an equal vote, regardless of its population or size. This plan was favored by smaller states who feared that a purely population-based representation would give more power to larger states. The New Jersey Plan aimed to protect the interests and influence of smaller states in the legislative process.

The correct answer is Spain because all four individuals mentioned (Columbus, Cortez, Pizzarro, and Coronado) were explorers and conquerors who were associated with Spain. They played significant roles in the Spanish colonization of the Americas during the Age of Discovery.

Plymouth was the original settlement established in 1620. This settlement was founded by the Pilgrims, who were seeking religious freedom. They arrived on the Mayflower and established a colony in what is now known as Massachusetts. Plymouth became an important historical site as it was the location of the first Thanksgiving and played a significant role in the early colonization of America.

Jamestown was the original settlement established in 1607. It was the first permanent English settlement in North America and played a significant role in the colonization of America. Located in Virginia, Jamestown was established by the Virginia Company of London and became a crucial economic and political center for the English colonies. The settlement faced numerous challenges, including conflicts with Native Americans and harsh living conditions, but ultimately paved the way for future English settlements in America.

Boston, New York, and Philadelphia being the three largest cities in the Northern Colonies is a fact that can be supported by historical evidence. These cities were major economic, political, and cultural centers during the colonial period. They played significant roles in the development of the Northern Colonies and were important hubs for trade, commerce, and governance. Therefore, it is true that these three cities were the largest in the Northern Colonies.

The Virginia Plan was referred to as the "big states plan" because it proposed a strong central government with representation based on population. This plan favored larger states, as they would have more representatives in the national legislature compared to smaller states. The Virginia Plan was put forward by delegates from Virginia at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 as a way to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and establish a more effective government.

The given names, Cartier, Champlain, LaSalle, Marquette, and Joliet, are all associated with French explorers and settlers in North America. Therefore, the correct answer is France, as these individuals were part of France's efforts to colonize and explore the New World.

During the colonial period, the Spanish used both Native Americans and Africans as slaves. Native Americans were initially enslaved by the Spanish conquistadors, who forced them to work in mines and plantations. However, due to diseases and mistreatment, the Native American population declined rapidly, leading the Spanish to turn to African slaves as a labor force. Africans were captured and transported across the Atlantic to work on plantations and in various industries, contributing to the system of slavery established by the Spanish in their colonies.

The 3/5 Compromise was an agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention in 1787. It settled the issue of how enslaved individuals would be counted when determining the number of delegates each state would have in the House of Representatives. The compromise stated that each enslaved person would be counted as three-fifths of a person for this purpose. This compromise was a significant factor in the balance of power between the northern and southern states and had long-lasting effects on the representation of enslaved individuals in the United States.

The correct answer is Philadelphia. Philadelphia is the city where the Constitutional Convention was held.

Patrick Henry is the correct answer because the quote "Give me liberty or give me death" is attributed to him. This famous quote was spoken by Patrick Henry during a speech he gave in 1775, urging the American colonies to fight for their independence from British rule. The quote has since become a powerful symbol of the American Revolutionary spirit and the willingness to sacrifice everything for freedom.

The Mayflower Compact was written as an agreement between the Settlers at New Plymouth in 1620. This document was created by the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower ship, who were seeking religious freedom and a new life in America. The compact established a basic form of government and a set of laws for the colony, ensuring that the settlers would work together for the common good. It was an important step in the establishment of self-government in America and laid the foundation for democratic principles in the future.

The English Quakers first settled in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn, a prominent Quaker, as a refuge for Quakers and other religious minorities seeking religious freedom. The Quakers, also known as the Religious Society of Friends, were attracted to Pennsylvania's promise of religious tolerance and established a strong presence in the colony. They played a significant role in shaping the political, social, and cultural landscape of Pennsylvania, making it a center for Quaker influence in the New World.

The correct answer is 1763. The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War, with the British emerging as the winners. As a result of the treaty, the British gained control over all the French territory in North America.

The Stamp Act was the first internal revenue tax imposed on the colonists. It was passed by the British Parliament in 1765 and required the use of specially stamped paper for legal documents, newspapers, and other printed materials. The purpose of the act was to raise revenue from the colonies to help pay off the debt incurred during the French and Indian War. The Stamp Act was met with strong opposition from the colonists, who saw it as a violation of their rights and a form of taxation without representation. This opposition eventually led to protests and boycotts, contributing to the growing tensions between the colonies and Britain that would eventually lead to the American Revolution.

The given names "J. Cabot, S. Cabot, Hudson" are associated with English explorers who made significant voyages in the 15th and 16th centuries. They are known for their exploration of North America and their contributions to English colonization. Therefore, the answer "England" is the most appropriate country associated with these names.

The correct answer for this question is "Population." The basis for determining how many members of the House of Representatives a state gets is the population of the state. The more populous a state is, the more representatives it will have in the House. This is based on the principle of representation by population, where states with larger populations have more influence in the legislative branch of government.

The given correct answer states that everything is correct. This implies that there are no errors or mistakes in the situation or context being referred to. It suggests that all aspects, details, or elements are accurate and in accordance with the expected standards or requirements.

Samuel Adams is the correct answer because he was a colonial radical who played a significant role in leading the resistance against British rule in Massachusetts. He was one of the founding fathers of the United States and a key figure in the American Revolution. Adams was known for his strong political activism and his involvement in organizing protests and boycotts against British policies. He was a leader of the Sons of Liberty and played a crucial role in events such as the Boston Tea Party. His contributions to the resistance movement in Massachusetts make him the most suitable answer.

The Senate is the part of Congress that represents the states equally. Unlike the House of Representatives, where representation is based on population, each state in the Senate is represented by two senators regardless of its size or population. This equal representation ensures that all states have an equal voice and influence in the legislative process.

The correct answer is New Jersey. The explanation for this answer is that the question is asking for the state associated with the plan that seemed to protect the small states. The plan being referred to here is the New Jersey Plan, which was proposed during the Constitutional Convention as an alternative to the Virginia Plan. The New Jersey Plan aimed to protect the smaller states by advocating for equal representation for all states in the legislative branch, regardless of their population size. This plan was favored by the smaller states, as it ensured that their interests would not be overshadowed by the larger states.

The correct answer is "Dutch." The given options are names of different cities or regions. Minuet and Hudson are not associated with any specific country, while Spain, France, and England are well-known countries. Among the options, Dutch is the only one that represents a country.

The House of Representatives is the part of Congress that represents the people equally. Unlike the Senate, where each state is represented equally regardless of population, the House of Representatives is based on population. Each state is allocated a certain number of representatives based on their population, ensuring that larger states have more representation than smaller states. This system allows for a more proportional representation of the people, giving each citizen a more equal voice in the legislative process.

The Senate represents the states equally. Each state, regardless of its size or population, is represented by two senators in the Senate. This ensures that smaller states have an equal voice and influence in the legislative process as larger states.

Virginia is associated with the plan of government that seemed to favor the large states. This is because during the Constitutional Convention, Virginia proposed the Virginia Plan, which called for a bicameral legislature with representation based on population. This plan favored the larger states, such as Virginia, as they would have more representatives and therefore more influence in the government.

Benjamin Franklin was the oldest man at the Convention because he was born on January 17, 1706, making him 81 years old at the time of the Convention in 1787. This age surpassed the other delegates listed, making him the oldest among them.

Crispus Attucks was a former slave who was killed at the Boston Massacre. He is considered one of the first casualties of the American Revolution and his death played a significant role in rallying support for the revolution. Attucks' death symbolized the struggle for freedom and equality, making him an important figure in American history.

Rhode Island is the correct answer because it is the only state mentioned in the given list that sent no delegates to the convention. The other states listed, such as Virginia, Connecticut, and New Jersey, all sent delegates to the convention.

The Sweeds first settled in Delaware.

Gold and silver are the two products that made Spain wealthy. These precious metals were obtained through colonization and trade, particularly during the period of Spanish exploration and conquest in the Americas. The discovery and exploitation of gold and silver mines in regions such as Mexico and Peru brought immense wealth to Spain, allowing it to become a dominant European power during the 16th and 17th centuries. The influx of gold and silver also fueled inflation and economic growth within Spain, contributing to its wealth and influence on the global stage.

The Electoral College is the process through which the President is elected in the United States. It is a system in which each state is allocated a certain number of electoral votes based on their representation in Congress. These electoral votes are then used to determine the outcome of the presidential election. The number of electoral votes each state receives is based on their population, with larger states having more votes. This system was established as a compromise between the smaller and larger states during the drafting of the Constitution. Ultimately, the candidate who receives the majority of electoral votes becomes the President.

James Madison is known as the "Father of the Constitution" because he played a crucial role in drafting and promoting the United States Constitution. He was one of the main authors of the Virginia Plan, which served as the basis for the Constitution. Madison's contributions to the Constitutional Convention and his advocacy for a strong central government made him a key figure in the creation of the Constitution. His extensive notes on the proceedings of the Convention, known as the "Madisonian Model," provided valuable insights into the intentions and debates of the framers.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that to determine the number of electoral votes a state gets, you need to add together the number of representatives they have in the House of Representatives and their two Senators. This is because the number of representatives a state has is based on its population, while each state has two Senators regardless of population. The total number of electoral votes a state has is then used to determine the outcome of the presidential election.

The Dutch first settled in New York. This is evident from the history of New York, which was originally known as New Amsterdam when it was a Dutch colony in the 17th century. The Dutch West India Company established a trading post on the southern tip of Manhattan Island in 1624, which eventually grew into a prosperous settlement. The Dutch presence in New York ended when the British took control of the colony in 1664 and renamed it New York.

George Washington acted as the Chairman of the Constitutional Convention.

Ethan Allen took Fort Ticonderoga without firing a single shot because he led a group of Green Mountain Boys in a surprise attack on the fort during the American Revolutionary War. They caught the British garrison off guard and demanded their surrender. The British commander, unaware of the size of Allen's force, decided to surrender rather than risk a battle. This successful capture of the fort provided the American rebels with much-needed artillery and supplies, boosting their morale and signaling a significant victory early in the war.

Nathaniel Greene was considered the greatest general in the South during the Revolution because of his strategic brilliance and leadership skills. He played a crucial role in turning the tide of the war in favor of the American forces. Greene's innovative tactics, such as using guerrilla warfare and dividing his troops into smaller, more mobile units, helped him to outmaneuver and defeat the British army in several key battles. His successful campaigns in the Southern theater of the war, particularly the victories at Cowpens and Guilford Courthouse, weakened British control and ultimately contributed to the American victory.

The correct answer is Connecticut. The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was a solution proposed by Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut during the Constitutional Convention in 1787. It resolved the conflict between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan by creating a bicameral legislature. The House of Representatives was based on population, satisfying the larger states like Virginia, while the Senate had equal representation for each state, appeasing the smaller states like New Jersey. Therefore, Connecticut is associated with the creation of the Great Compromise.

Alexander Hamilton was the youngest man at the Convention because he was born in 1755, making him only 30 years old at the time of the Convention in 1787. This was younger than any of the other listed individuals who attended the Convention.

George Mason is the correct answer because he is the author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights and he refused to sign the Constitution. He played a significant role in shaping the principles of individual rights and freedoms that were later incorporated into the Bill of Rights. Despite being involved in the early stages of the Constitutional Convention, Mason ultimately opposed the final draft of the Constitution due to his concerns about the lack of a Bill of Rights and the centralization of power.

Thomas Jefferson is the correct answer because he was indeed in France at the time of the convention. Jefferson served as the United States Minister to France from 1785 to 1789, which coincided with the time of the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia in 1787. Therefore, he was not physically present at the convention and did not play a direct role in drafting the Constitution.

Alexander Hamilton was the correct answer because he was the youngest man at the Convention. The question states that "New Yorker was the youngest man @ Convention," and out of the given options, Alexander Hamilton was the only New Yorker.

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Roger Sherman is credited with coming up with the Great Compromise. This compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was proposed during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. It resolved the conflict between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, which had different ideas about representation in the legislative branch. Sherman's compromise suggested a bicameral legislature, with one house based on population (Virginia Plan) and the other with equal representation for each state (New Jersey Plan). This compromise played a crucial role in the formation of the United States Constitution.

William Patterson, from New Jersey, presented the plan that protected the small states. This suggests that Patterson played a key role in advocating for the interests of smaller states during the drafting of the United States Constitution. His plan, known as the New Jersey Plan, proposed a unicameral legislature with equal representation for all states, regardless of size. This plan countered the Virginia Plan, which favored larger states and proposed a bicameral legislature with representation based on population. Patterson's New Jersey Plan ultimately influenced the creation of the Great Compromise, which established a bicameral legislature with equal representation in the Senate and proportional representation in the House of Representatives.

Countries benefited from having colonies in various ways, including access to abundant raw materials such as lumber, furs, grain, and tobacco. These resources could be used for domestic consumption or exported to generate revenue. Additionally, colonial trade allowed countries to expand their markets and increase their economic growth. The colonies also provided a source of skilled labor and expertise in various industries, including furniture making, iron utensils production, and book printing. Furthermore, the colonies often served as a strategic base for military and political purposes, allowing the colonizing country to exert control and influence over a larger territory.

During the time of the Convention in England, John Adams was one of the prominent figures involved in the creation of the United States Constitution. He was a strong advocate for independence and played a crucial role in the American Revolution. Adams also served as the second President of the United States, making him a significant figure in the early years of the country's history.

Edmund Randolph is the correct answer because he presented the Virginia Plan to the Convention on behalf of James Madison. Additionally, he was the Governor of Virginia at the time.

Tobacco is considered a cash crop because it is grown primarily for profit rather than for personal consumption. It is also a labor-intensive crop as it requires a significant amount of manual labor for planting, harvesting, and processing. Additionally, tobacco can be considered a staple crop in some regions where it is widely grown and consumed.

The four reasons why towns did not develop in early Virginia the way they did in other Colonies are:
1) Tobacco wore out the soil, so people needed a lot of land to continue growing it.
2) Most products needed on a plantation were made right there on the farm, reducing the need for trade and commerce in towns.
3) By locating next to rivers, farmers had direct access to their markets, eliminating the need for towns as trading centers.
4) There was ample storage space on plantations, making the establishment of warehouses unnecessary.