Unit 6 - Test(Chemical Compound)
In chemistry, a compound refers to an entity that consists of two or more atoms, with at least two of those atoms from different chemical elements. These atoms associate via chemical bonds. What else can you tell us about compounds?
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The elements that make up a compound and the number of atoms of each element in a unit of a compound can be shown in a ______.
- A.
Chemical symbol
- B.
Chemical formula
- C.
Subscript
- D.
Superscript
Correct Answer
B. Chemical formulaExplanation
A chemical formula is used to represent the elements that make up a compound and the number of atoms of each element in a unit of the compound. It consists of the chemical symbols of the elements and subscripts to indicate the number of atoms of each element. For example, the chemical formula for water is H2O, which shows that there are two hydrogen atoms (H) and one oxygen atom (O) in each molecule of water.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A group of atoms that act together as one charged atom is a ______.
- A.
Polyatomic ion
- B.
Negative ion
- C.
Molecule
- D.
Crystal
Correct Answer
A. Polyatomic ionExplanation
A group of atoms that act together as one charged atom is known as a polyatomic ion. Polyatomic ions are formed when multiple atoms bond together and gain or lose electrons to become charged. These ions have a distinct charge and behave as a single unit in chemical reactions. Examples of polyatomic ions include sulfate (SO4^2-), ammonium (NH4+), and carbonate (CO3^2-).Rate this question:
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- 3.
In chemical formulas, the number of atoms in a unit of the compound is shown by numbers called ______.
- A.
Oxidation numbers
- B.
Superscripts
- C.
Hydrates
- D.
Subscripts
Correct Answer
D. SubscriptsExplanation
In chemical formulas, the number of atoms in a unit of the compound is shown by numbers called subscripts. Subscripts are written below the line and indicate the number of atoms of each element present in the compound. They are used to balance chemical equations and represent the ratio of atoms in a molecule.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons is a(n) ______ bond.
- A.
Ionic
- B.
Covalent
- C.
Polyatomic
- D.
Magnetic
Correct Answer
B. CovalentExplanation
A covalent bond is formed when atoms share electrons. In this type of bond, the electrons are not transferred from one atom to another, but rather are shared between the atoms involved. This sharing of electrons allows both atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. Therefore, the correct answer is covalent.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The name given to the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares is the _____.
- A.
Ionic number
- B.
Atomic number
- C.
Oxidation number
- D.
Atomic mass
Correct Answer
C. Oxidation numberExplanation
The oxidation number refers to the number of electrons that an atom gains, loses, or shares in a chemical reaction. It is a measure of the atom's ability to undergo oxidation or reduction. The term "ionic number" does not accurately describe the concept of electron gain, loss, or sharing. The "atomic number" refers to the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, not the number of electrons involved in bonding. "Atomic mass" is a measure of the mass of an atom, and is not directly related to electron behavior.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is the name of a binary compound made up of lithium and chlorine?
- A.
Chloride lithium
- B.
Lithium chlorate
- C.
Lithium chloride
- D.
Chlorine lithiate
Correct Answer
C. Lithium chlorideExplanation
Lithium chloride is the correct answer because it is the binary compound formed by the combination of lithium and chlorine. In binary compounds, the name of the cation (lithium) is written first, followed by the name of the anion (chloride). Therefore, lithium chloride accurately represents the compound made up of lithium and chlorine.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What kind of chemical bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom?
- A.
Ionic
- B.
Covalent
- C.
Magnetic
- D.
Hydrate
Correct Answer
A. IonicExplanation
When electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom, an ionic bond is formed. In this type of bond, one atom loses electrons (becomes positively charged) while the other atom gains those electrons (becomes negatively charged). The resulting attraction between the positive and negative ions creates a strong bond between the two atoms. This type of bond is typically formed between a metal and a non-metal.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The sum of the oxidation numbers is a neutral compound is always ______.
- A.
One
- B.
Zero
- C.
A positive number
- D.
A negative number
Correct Answer
B. ZeroExplanation
The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is always zero because the total positive oxidation numbers must balance out the total negative oxidation numbers in order for the compound to be neutral. This means that the positive oxidation numbers cancel out the negative oxidation numbers, resulting in a net sum of zero.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Why do the noble gases NOT form compounds readily?
- A.
They have no electrons.
- B.
They have empty outer energy levels.
- C.
They have seven electron in their outer energy levels.
- D.
Their outer energy levels are completely filled with electrons.
Correct Answer
D. Their outer energy levels are completely filled with electrons.Explanation
The noble gases do not readily form compounds because their outer energy levels are completely filled with electrons. This means that they have a stable electron configuration and do not need to gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable state. As a result, they have little tendency to react with other elements and form compounds.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the name of the compound with the formula NaCl?
- A.
Sodium chloride
- B.
Chlorine sodiate
- C.
Sodium dichloride
- D.
Sodium chlorate
Correct Answer
A. Sodium chlorideExplanation
The correct answer is sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is the compound with the chemical formula NaCl. It is commonly known as table salt and is composed of sodium cations (Na+) and chloride anions (Cl-). Sodium chloride is a white crystalline solid that is widely used as a seasoning and preservative in food, as well as in various industrial applications.Rate this question:
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- 11.
How many hydrogen atoms are present in one molecule of ammonium acetate, NH4C2H3O2?
- A.
3
- B.
4
- C.
7
- D.
11
Correct Answer
C. 7Explanation
Ammonium acetate, NH4C2H3O2, is composed of one ammonium ion (NH4+) and one acetate ion (C2H3O2-). The ammonium ion consists of one nitrogen atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms, so there are four hydrogen atoms in the ammonium ion. The acetate ion consists of two carbon atoms, three hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms. Since there are three hydrogen atoms in the acetate ion, the total number of hydrogen atoms in one molecule of ammonium acetate is seven.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The oxidation number of an atom is shown with a _____.
- A.
Subscript
- B.
Positive number
- C.
Superscript
- D.
Negative number
Correct Answer
C. SuperscriptExplanation
The oxidation number of an atom is shown with a superscript. In chemistry, oxidation numbers are assigned to atoms in order to keep track of the electron transfer that occurs during chemical reactions. The oxidation number is indicated by a superscript written above the symbol of the atom. It represents the charge that the atom would have if the shared electrons were assigned to the more electronegative atom in a bond.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the total number of atoms in a compound Ca(ClO3)2?
- A.
2
- B.
3
- C.
6
- D.
9
Correct Answer
D. 9Explanation
The compound Ca(ClO3)2 consists of one calcium atom (Ca), two chlorate ions (ClO3-), and two chlorine atoms (Cl). Each chlorate ion contains one chlorine atom and three oxygen atoms, so two chlorate ions contain a total of two chlorine atoms and six oxygen atoms. Therefore, the compound Ca(ClO3)2 contains one calcium atom, two chlorine atoms, and six oxygen atoms, resulting in a total of nine atoms.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Use the table to answer the following question. Which of the following is the correct formula for magnesium nitrate?
- A.
MgNO3
- B.
Mg2NO3
- C.
Mg(NO3)2
- D.
Mg2(NO3)2
Correct Answer
C. Mg(NO3)2Explanation
The correct formula for magnesium nitrate is Mg(NO3)2. This is because the formula represents the compound's composition, where Mg is the symbol for magnesium and (NO3)2 indicates that there are two nitrate ions present. The parentheses are used to show that the nitrate ion is a polyatomic ion composed of one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms. The subscript 2 outside the parentheses indicates that there are two nitrate ions in the compound.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Use the table to answer the following question. What is the charge of the phosphate in K3PO4?
- A.
3-
- B.
1+
- C.
5+
- D.
7-
Correct Answer
A. 3-Explanation
The charge of the phosphate ion in K3PO4 is 3-. This is because the potassium ion (K+) has a charge of 1+ and there are three of them, giving a total charge of 3+. The overall charge of the compound K3PO4 must be neutral, so the phosphate ion must have a charge of 3- to balance out the positive charges of the potassium ions.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Use the table to answer the following question. How many potassium atoms and how many oxygen atoms are there in a binary compound made from these two elements?
- A.
One potassium and two oxygen
- B.
Two potassium and one oxygen
- C.
One potassium and one oxygen
- D.
Three potassium and one oxygen
Correct Answer
B. Two potassium and one oxygenExplanation
The correct answer is "two potassium and one oxygen." This means that the binary compound is made up of two potassium atoms and one oxygen atom.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Use the table to answer the following question. What is the correct name for K2SO4?
- A.
Potassium sulfide
- B.
Potassium (II) sulfate
- C.
Potassium sulfate
- D.
Potassium disulfide
Correct Answer
C. Potassium sulfateExplanation
The correct name for K2SO4 is potassium sulfate.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Use the table to answer the following question. What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide?
- A.
MgO
- B.
MgO2
- C.
Mg2O2
- D.
Mg2O
Correct Answer
A. MgOExplanation
The correct formula for magnesium oxide is MgO. This is because magnesium has a 2+ charge and oxygen has a 2- charge, so they combine in a 1:1 ratio to form MgO. The other options, MgO2, Mg2O2, and Mg2O, do not follow the correct charge balance and are therefore incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Use the table to answer the following question. What is the name of the compound with the formula CaO?
Correct Answer
calcium oxideExplanation
The compound with the formula CaO is called calcium oxide.Rate this question:
- 20.
Use the table to answer the following question. What is the name of the compound with the formula MgCl2?
Correct Answer
magnesium chlorideExplanation
The correct answer is magnesium chloride because the compound with the formula MgCl2 is formed by the combination of one magnesium atom (Mg) and two chlorine atoms (Cl). Therefore, the name of this compound is magnesium chloride.Rate this question:
- 21.
The properties of a compound are the same as the properties of the elements making up the compound.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They are "different from" rather than "the same".Rate this question:
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- 22.
Because a water molecule has a slight positive charge at one end and a slight negative charge at the other end, it is a nonpolar molecule.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is "polar" rather than "nonpolar".Rate this question:
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- 23.
Molecules are neutral.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Molecules are neutral because they have an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. These opposite charges balance each other out, resulting in a neutral overall charge for the molecule. Therefore, the statement "Molecules are neutral" is true.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The term anhydrous means without water.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The term "anhydrous" refers to a substance or compound that does not contain any water molecules. It is derived from the Greek words "an" meaning without and "hydros" meaning water. Therefore, the statement "anhydrous means without water" is true.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Particles formed from the covalent bonding of atoms are called ions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They are called "molecules" rather than "ions".Rate this question:
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- 26.
When atoms gain or lose electrons, the charged particles that result are called ions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Atoms can gain or lose electrons during a process called ionization. When an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged and is called an anion. On the other hand, when an atom loses electrons, it becomes positively charged and is called a cation. Therefore, the statement that "when atoms gain or lose electrons, the charged particles that result are called ions" is true.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Write the name for the following compound: CaBr2
Correct Answer
calcium bromideExplanation
The name for the compound CaBr2 is calcium bromide. This is because Ca represents the symbol for calcium, and Br represents the symbol for bromide. The subscript 2 indicates that there are two bromide ions present in the compound. Therefore, the correct name for this compound is calcium bromide.Rate this question:
- 28.
Write the name for the following compound: CuCl
Correct Answer
copper (I) chlorideExplanation
The compound CuCl is named copper (I) chloride. This is because the copper ion in this compound has a +1 charge, making it a copper (I) ion. The chloride ion has a -1 charge, so it is simply called chloride. Therefore, the name for this compound is copper (I) chloride.Rate this question:
- 29.
Write the name for the following compound: MgS
Correct Answer
magnesium sulfideExplanation
The compound MgS is named magnesium sulfide because it consists of one magnesium atom bonded to one sulfur atom. In chemical nomenclature, the name of the cation (Mg) is written first, followed by the name of the anion (S). The suffix "-ide" is added to the name of the anion to indicate that it is a negatively charged ion. Therefore, the correct name for this compound is magnesium sulfide.Rate this question:
- 30.
Write the formula for the following compound: copper (I) sulfide *You will not be able to make a subscript. Write in the number where it belongs.
Correct Answer
Cu2SExplanation
The formula for copper (I) sulfide is Cu2S. This means that the compound consists of two copper atoms bonded to one sulfur atom. The subscript "2" indicates that there are two copper atoms present in the compound.Rate this question:
- 31.
Write the formula for the following compound: calcium chloride *You will not be able to make a subscript. Write in the number where it belongs.
Correct Answer
CaCl2Explanation
The formula for calcium chloride is CaCl2. This means that each molecule of calcium chloride contains one calcium atom (Ca) and two chloride atoms (Cl). The subscript "2" indicates that there are two chloride atoms in each molecule.Rate this question:
- 32.
Write the formula for the following compound: calcium oxide
Correct Answer
CaOExplanation
Calcium oxide is represented by the chemical formula CaO. In this compound, one calcium atom (Ca) is bonded to one oxygen atom (O). The formula indicates that there is a one-to-one ratio between calcium and oxygen atoms in calcium oxide. Calcium oxide is commonly known as quicklime and is a white, crystalline solid. It is widely used in various industries, including construction, agriculture, and chemical manufacturing.Rate this question:
.jpg "Use the table to answer the following question.
What is the charge of the phosphate in K3PO4?")
.jpg "Use the table to answer the following question.
How many potassium atoms and how many oxygen atoms are there in a binary compound made from these two elements?")
.jpg "Use the table to answer the following question.
What is the correct name for K2SO4?")
.jpg "Use the table to answer the following question.
What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide?")
.jpg "Use the table to answer the following question.
What is the name of the compound with the formula CaO?")
.jpg "Use the table to answer the following question.
What is the name of the compound with the formula MgCl2?")
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