ULTRASOUND

1. Gel is the best ultrasound transmission medium

True

False

2. Ultrasound has the potential to penetrate 5cm

True

False

3. The term frequency is defines as the number of oscillations per unit of time and expressed in cycles per second (Hz)

True

False

4. The term frequency is defines as the number of oscillations per unit of time and expressed in cycles per second (Hz)

True

False

5. Ultrasound waves can only be continuous or pulsed

True

False

6. Gel is the best ultrasound transmission medium

True

False

7. An effect of ultrasound is that it can be absorbed by human tissue and it produces heat on continuous

True

False

8. Ultrasound has the potential to penetrate 5cm

True

False

9. Choice of a warm or cold coupling agent typically depends on the patients level of comfort as long as it is not necessary to heat the superfical tissue

True

False

10. The production through ultrasound of gas or vapor filled bubbles in tissue fluids. can be stable or transient

Cavitation

Absorption

Attenuation

Intensity

11. It is never ok to ultrasound a woman that is pregnant, regardless of where it is on her body

True

False

12. Ultrasound waves can only be continuous or pulsed

True

False

13. It is never ok to ultrasound a woman that is pregnant, regardless of where it is on her body

True

False

14. Ultrasound is typically safe around the spinal cord, unless referring to a laminectomy

True

False

15. An effect of ultrasound is that it can be absorbed by human tissue and it produces heat on continuous

True

False

16. The fraction of time when the ultrasound is present during one pulsed period

Acoustic streaming

Duty cycle

Cavitation

Standing wave

17. Ultrasound is typically safe around the spinal cord, unless referring to a laminectomy

True

False

18. Increased membrane permeability allows increased calcium absorption

True

False

19. The fraction of time when the ultrasound is present during one pulsed period

Acoustic streaming

Duty cycle

Cavitation

Standing wave

20. Ultrasound beam has short interruptions, therefore preventing thermal buildup

Continuous mode

Cavitation

Intensity

Pulsed mode

21. Lower dosages are more ideal more acute conditions

True

False

22. Choice of a warm or cold coupling agent typically depends on the patients level of comfort as long as it is not necessary to heat the superfical tissue

True

False

23. Reduction of energy of the sound beam due to scattering and absorption

Frequency

Attenuation

Intensity

Acoustic streaming

24. Less than 15 degrees is most efficient when operating the US applicator head

True

False

15 or more the angle becomes parallel and the heating effect will be greatly diminished

Explanation

15 or more the angle becomes parallel and the heating effect will be greatly diminished

25. Increased membrane permeability allows increased calcium absorption

True

False

26. Treatment time 5 minutes per 25 square inches (161 cm2)

True

False

27. Ultrasound beam is emitted without interruption, elevates tissue temperature

Pulsed mode

Continuous mode

Frequency

Absorption

28. Energy of a sound beam

Intensity

Absorption

Cavitation

Frequency

29. Reduction of energy of the sound beam due to scattering and absorption

Frequency

Attenuation

Intensity

Acoustic streaming

30. Ultrasound can not be used on acute joint sprains

True

False

using pulsed on 20% can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells by degranulation thus accelerating the healing process

Explanation

using pulsed on 20% can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells by degranulation thus accelerating the healing process

31. Ultrasound gives temperature rise in tissue with high protein content (muscle and nerve)

True

False

32. The production through ultrasound of gas or vapor filled bubbles in tissue fluids. can be stable or transient

Cavitation

Absorption

Attenuation

Intensity

33. Ultrasound beam is emitted without interruption, elevates tissue temperature

Pulsed mode

Continuous mode

Frequency

Absorption

34. Energy of a sound beam

Intensity

Absorption

Cavitation

Frequency

35. The number of oscillations per unit of time, usually expressed in cycles per second

Acoustic streaming

Intensity

Frequency

Duty cycle

36. It is safe to ultrasound a tendon repair 2-4 days post operative

True

False

37. Ultrasound gives temperature rise in tissue with high protein content (muscle and nerve)

True

False

38. Ultrasound beam has short interruptions, therefore preventing thermal buildup

Continuous mode

Cavitation

Intensity

Pulsed mode

39. Ultrasound can be used in metallic whirlpools

True

False

40. Less than 15 degrees is most efficient when operating the US applicator head

True

False

15 or more the angle becomes parallel and the heating effect will be greatly diminished

Explanation

15 or more the angle becomes parallel and the heating effect will be greatly diminished

41. Ultrasound can be used close to metallic implants

True

False

42. Using hot packs before using ultrasound increases the transmission into the deeper structures

True

False

43. Ultrasound can not be used on acute joint sprains

True

False

using pulsed on 20% can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells by degranulation thus accelerating the healing process

Explanation

using pulsed on 20% can stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells by degranulation thus accelerating the healing process

44. Ultrasound can be used in metallic whirlpools

True

False

45. Use a stronger dose for more chronic conditions

True

False

46. Is the stationary technique safe?

Yes

No

47. Using hot packs before using ultrasound increases the transmission into the deeper structures

True

False

48. It is safe to ultrasound a tendon repair 2-4 days post operative

True

False

49. Lower dosages are more ideal more acute conditions

True

False

50. Use a stronger dose for more chronic conditions

True

False

51. Phonophoresis should only be used with pulsed mode

True

False

52. Ultrasound cannot be used with joint replacements due to the cement containing methyl methacrylate

False, it is safe, follow standard guidelines

False, but proceed with caution

True, should always be avoided

53. Acute condition

thick tissue= 1.5-2.0 w/cm2
thin tissue= .5- 1.0 w/cm2

True

False

54. Treatment time 5 minutes per 25 square inches (161 cm2)

True

False

55. The number of oscillations per unit of time, usually expressed in cycles per second

Acoustic streaming

Intensity

Frequency

Duty cycle

56. Is the stationary technique safe?

Yes

No

57. Ultrasound cannot be used with joint replacements due to the cement containing methyl methacrylate

False, it is safe, follow standard guidelines

False, but proceed with caution

True, should always be avoided

58. Frequency of waves is due to the physical size of the sound head

True

False

59. Acute condition

thick tissue= 1.5-2.0 w/cm2
thin tissue= .5- 1.0 w/cm2

True

False

60. The amount of energy into the tissue, increases as the frequency increases as well as the presence of protein.

Standing wave

Attenuation

Absorption

Duty cycle

61. Ultrasound cannot break up metabolic waste

True

False

62. Ultrasound cannot break up metabolic waste

True

False

63. Nonthermal effects decrease protein synthesis of fibroblast

True

False

64. Chronic condition

heavy tissue= 1.0- 1.5 w/cm2
thin tissue= .5-1.0 w/cm2

True

False

65. The amount of energy into the tissue, increases as the frequency increases as well as the presence of protein.

Standing wave

Attenuation

Absorption

Duty cycle

66. It is ok to use hydocortisone when using continuous mode

True

False

67. Increasing the intensity can compensate when decreasing the time of exposure

True

False

68. Ultrasound can be used close to metallic implants

True

False

69. Phonophoresis should only be used with pulsed mode

True

False

70. The limitation number of ultrasound applications is

20

25

14

Endless

any more can reduce red and white blood cell counts and there has been reports of chronic problems

Explanation

any more can reduce red and white blood cell counts and there has been reports of chronic problems

71. Chronic condition

heavy tissue= 1.0- 1.5 w/cm2
thin tissue= .5-1.0 w/cm2

True

False

72. The steady circular flow of cellular fluids induced by ultrasound. this is thought to cause changes in cellular activity to stimulate tissue repair

Continuous mode

Pulsed mode

Acoustic streaming

Standing wave

73. Increasing the intensity can compensate when decreasing the time of exposure

True

False

74. The limitation number of ultrasound applications is

20

25

14

Endless

any more can reduce red and white blood cell counts and there has been reports of chronic problems

Explanation

any more can reduce red and white blood cell counts and there has been reports of chronic problems

75. Ultrasound can be used on adipose tissue do to its high protein content

True

False

76. Nonthermal effects decrease protein synthesis of fibroblast

True

False

77. The steady circular flow of cellular fluids induced by ultrasound. this is thought to cause changes in cellular activity to stimulate tissue repair

Continuous mode

Pulsed mode

Acoustic streaming

Standing wave

78. it safe to ultrasound on myositis ossificans

True

False

79. The incident wave at the tissue interface may interfere with reflected waves creating this. Avoided by continually moving the applicator

Cavitation

Acoustic streaming

Intensity

Standing wave

80. The incident wave at the tissue interface may interfere with reflected waves creating this. Avoided by continually moving the applicator

Cavitation

Acoustic streaming

Intensity

Standing wave

81. It is ok to use hydocortisone when using continuous mode

True

False

82. it safe to ultrasound on myositis ossificans

True

False

83. Ultrasound can be used on adipose tissue do to its high protein content

True

False

84. A nonthermal effect (pulsed), the seperation of collagen fibers result in decreased extensibility of connective tissue. examples are tendons, scars, adhesions, joint capsule

True

False

85. A nonthermal effect (pulsed), the seperation of collagen fibers result in decreased extensibility of connective tissue. examples are tendons, scars, adhesions, joint capsule

True

False

86. Intensity is defined as the amount of energy absorped by the tissue

True

False

87. Intensity is defined as the amount of energy absorped by the tissue

True

False