Radiology Inservice Exam Question Bank

1383 Questions | By Micreynolds1 | Updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Attempts: 291

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1.

What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis in this 30-year-old woman (Figures 1 and 2)?Figure 1-Transabdominal image of left ovaryFigure 2-Transabdominal image of right ovary
- A.
  
  Polycystic ovary disease
- B.
  
  Bilateral serous cystadenomas
- C.
  
  Endometriosis
- D.
  
  Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
2.

You are shown images from a carotid ultrasound (Figures 3 and 4). What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 3-Left common carotid waveform Figure 4-Right common carotid waveform
- A.
  
  Aortic valve stenosis
- B.
  
  Intracranial AVM
- C.
  
  Aortic valve incompetence
- D.
  
  Distal left internal carotid artery occlusion
3.

You are shown two images (Figures 5 and 6) from a second trimester ultrasound. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 5-Axial transabdominal image of uterus Figure 6-Longitudinal view of lower uterine segment
- A.
  
  Ectopic pregnancy
- B.
  
  Partial molar pregnancy
- C.
  
  Intrauterine pregnancy in uterus didelphys
- D.
  
  Intrauterine pregnancy with exophytic fibroid
4.

A 26-year-old woman presents with vaginal spotting (Figures 7 and 8). Which of the following BEST describes the findings? Figure 7-Sagittal endovaginal US of the uterus Figure 8-Coronal endovaginal US of the uterus
- A.
  
  Intradecidual sac sign
- B.
  
  Endometriotic cyst
- C.
  
  Pseudogestational sac
- D.
  
  Endometrial fluid collection
5.

You are shown ultrasound images (Figures 9 and 10) of the right testis in a 41-year-old man. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 9-Sagittal image of the right testis Figure 10-Transverse image of the right testis
- A.
  
  Synchronous seminomas
- B.
  
  Large B cell lymphoma
- C.
  
  Cystic dilatation of the rete testis
- D.
  
  Orchitis
6.

You are shown ultrasound images (Figures 11 and 12) of the neck in a 50-year-old woman. Which of the following laboratory tests would be helpful to confirm your diagnosis? Figure 11-Sagittal US of the right neck Figure 12-Transverse US of the right neck
- A.
  
  Serum parathormone level
- B.
  
  Serum antithyroglobulin antibodies
- C.
  
  Serum T3 and T4
- D.
  
  Urine metanephrine and normetanephrine
7.

You are shown two images (Figures 13 and 14) of the left adnexa in a 30-year-old woman with acute pelvic pain. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 13-Gray scale ultrasound of the left ovary Figure 14-Doppler image of the left ovary
- A.
  
  Pyosalpinx
- B.
  
  Cystadenocarcinoma
- C.
  
  Ovarian torsion
- D.
  
  Ectopic pregnancy
8.

You are shown two images (Figures 15 and 16) of the left ovary in a young woman. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 15-Gray scale ultrasound of the ovary Figure 16-Doppler ultrasound image of the ovary
- A.
  
  Ectopic pregnancy
- B.
  
  Chocolate cyst
- C.
  
  Ovarian torsion
- D.
  
  Cystadenocarcinoma
9.

You are shown two images (Figures 17 and 18) of a patient with right upper quadrant pain. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 17-Gray scale ultrasound image from right upper quadrant Figure 18-Doppler ultrasound of right upper quadrant
- A.
  
  Acute cholecystitis
- B.
  
  Portal vein thrombosis
- C.
  
  Choledocholithiasis
- D.
  
  Cholangiocarcinoma
10.

A 40-year-old man presents with a scrotal mass (Figures 19 and 20). What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis? Figure 19-Gray scale ultrasound of the scrotum Figure 20-Doppler image of the scrotum
- A.
  
  Seminoma
- B.
  
  Lymphoma
- C.
  
  Epididymo-orchitis
- D.
  
  Scrotal abscess
11.

Which of the following measurements provides the BEST estimate of gestational age in a normal mid-first-trimester pregnancy?
- A.
  
  Yolk sac diameter
- B.
  
  Crown-rump length
- C.
  
  Mean sac diameter
- D.
  
  Biparietal diameter
12.

Concerning Doppler imaging of the abdominal vasculature which of the following is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  The portal vein should be hepatopedal and nonpulsatile.
- B.
  
  The hepatic veins should be hepatopedal and pulsatile.
- C.
  
  The hepatic artery should be pulsatile with a high resistance waveform.
- D.
  
  The splenic vein has a waveform most similar to normal hepatic veins.
13.

Regarding Budd-Chiari syndrome which of the following is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  Ascites is rare.
- B.
  
  It is secondary to acute portal vein thrombosis.
- C.
  
  The caudate lobe can be spared.
- D.
  
  Intrahepatic collaterals most commonly extend from the hepatic veins to the portal venous system.
14.

Concerning hepatic cavernous hemangioma which of the following statements is TRUE?
- A.
  
  Regardless of their size cavernous hemangiomas appear as a uniformly echogenic homogeneous hepatic mass.
- B.
  
  All patients with suspected hepatic hemangioma based on characteristic ultrasound appearance should have a confirmatory CT or MRI scan.
- C.
  
  There is an association between thrombocytopenia and cavernous hemangioma.
- D.
  
  A well-recognized sonographic appearance of hemangioma is that of an echogenic center surrounded by a hypoechoic rim.
15.

Which of the following is the MOST common ovarian neoplasm found in pregnancy?
- A.
  
  Corpus luteum cyst
- B.
  
  Ovarian tumor of low malignant potential
- C.
  
  Endometrioma
- D.
  
  Ovarian cystic teratoma
16.

Concerning Mirizzi syndrome which of the following statements is TRUE?
- A.
  
  It refers to obstruction of the common hepatic duct by an impacted cystic duct stone.
- B.
  
  It is a clinical syndrome of painless jaundice in an elderly patient.
- C.
  
  Ultrasound of the liver shows pneumobilia.
- D.
  
  It is associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
17.

Which of the following ultrasound imaging features is MOST suspicious for papillary thyroid carcinoma?
- A.
  
  Ill-defined hyperechoic nodule
- B.
  
  Nodule with honeycomb pattern of cystic change and thin hypoechoic rim
- C.
  
  Hypoechoic nodule with microcalcifications
- D.
  
  Oval nodule with peripheral eggshell calcification
18.

Concerning renal vascular pathology and renal arterial Doppler imaging which of the following statements is TRUE?
- A.
  
  Renal artery stenosis is the underlying cause of hypertension in almost 50% of adult women.
- B.
  
  Measurement of the peak systolic velocity in the main renal artery is considered the most accurate parameter for the sonographic diagnosis of hemodynamically significant renal artery stenosis.
- C.
  
  A parvus tardus appearance of the arterial waveform in the intrarenal arterial branches of the kidney is an indication of ipsilateral renal vein thrombosis.
- D.
  
  For accurate measurements of the peak systolic velocity in the main renal arteries the Doppler angle should be kept above 60 degrees.
19.

Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY cause for a unilateral enlarged kidney?
- A.
  
  Chronic pyelonephritis
- B.
  
  Reflux nephropathy
- C.
  
  Acute renal vein occlusion
- D.
  
  Renal artery stenosis
20.

Which of the following is the MOST sensitive and specific ultrasound finding in ectopic pregnancy?
- A.
  
  Echogenic free fluid in cul-de-sac
- B.
  
  Nonovarian complex adnexal mass
- C.
  
  Fluid within the endometrial cavity
- D.
  
  Ring of fire sign on a color Doppler image
21.

You are shown a sagittal image of the gallbladder (Figure 1) and a Doppler image of the main portal vein (Figure 2). What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Acute cholecystitis
- B.
  
  Congestive heart failure
- C.
  
  Hepatitis
- D.
  
  Adenomyomatosis
22.

You are shown three images of the right adnexa (Figures 3-5). What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Hemorrhagic cyst
- B.
  
  Dermoid
- C.
  
  Ovarian carcinoma
- D.
  
  Ovarian torsion
23.

You are shown a Doppler image of the left common carotid artery (Figure 6) and of the left internal carotid artery (Figure 7). What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Subclavian steal syndrome
- B.
  
  Vasculitis
- C.
  
  Distal internal carotid artery stenosis or occlusion
- D.
  
  Aortic valve regurgitation
24.

You are shown a longitudinal image (Figure 8) of the right lower quadrant in a young man with pain and anorexia. What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Intussusception
- B.
  
  Small bowel lymphoma
- C.
  
  Ureterolithiasis
- D.
  
  Appendicitis
25.

A patient who is 10 weeks pregnant by dates presents to the ER because she is passing blood clots. You are shown two pelvic ultrasound images (Figures 9 and 10). What is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis?
- A.
  
  Ectopic pregnancy
- B.
  
  Molar pregnancy
- C.
  
  Spontaneous abortion
- D.
  
  Subchorionic hemorrhage