Psychotherapy MCQs Quiz Questions And Answers

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who are able to prescribe medication. Unlike psychologists, who cannot prescribe medication, psychiatrists have completed medical school and specialized in psychiatry. They are trained to diagnose and treat mental illnesses using a combination of therapy and medication. Group therapists, family therapists, and school counselors may provide counseling and therapy, but they do not have the authority to prescribe medication. Therefore, the correct answer is psychiatrists.

In this scenario, the patient is being rewarded with coupons for performing a desired behavior during rehabilitation. These coupons can then be used to purchase appealing items. This is a clear example of a token economy, which is a behavioral intervention that uses tokens or rewards to reinforce positive behaviors and encourage desired outcomes.

Resistance refers to the patient's unconscious refusal to address or talk about a particular issue during psychoanalysis. It is a defense mechanism that prevents the patient from confronting painful or uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, or memories. The patient may resist discussing certain topics or avoid exploring deeper emotions, which can hinder the progress of therapy. By recognizing and working through resistance, the therapist and patient can uncover underlying issues and promote psychological growth.

Systematic desensitization is a therapeutic technique used to help individuals overcome phobias. It involves gradually exposing the person to their fear-inducing stimuli while teaching them relaxation techniques. By repeatedly pairing relaxation with the feared stimulus, the individual learns to associate relaxation with the previously fear-inducing stimuli. Over time, this helps to replace the previous learned harmful responses with a more relaxed and calm reaction. This method is effective in reducing anxiety and fear associated with specific phobias.

During systematic desensitization, the first step is to have the client list anxiety-provoking thoughts associated with a fearful object or situation. This list is referred to as a desensitization hierarchy. A desensitization hierarchy is a list that ranks the fear-inducing stimuli or situations from least to most anxiety-provoking. This hierarchy helps the therapist and client to systematically work through each item on the list, starting with the least anxiety-provoking and gradually progressing to the most anxiety-provoking. This gradual exposure to feared stimuli allows the client to gradually reduce their anxiety response and become desensitized to the feared object or situation.

Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of taking the antipsychotic drug thorazine. It is characterized by muscle twitching, which is similar to the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. This side effect is believed to be caused by a disruption in the dopamine system, similar to the lack of dopamine that causes Parkinson's disease.

Group therapy could be suitable for this person's needs because it is a form of therapy where individuals with similar issues come together to share their experiences, provide support, and learn coping strategies. It is often more affordable than individual therapy sessions and can provide a sense of belonging and understanding from others who are going through similar struggles. This can be particularly beneficial for someone with limited financial resources who still needs emotional support and guidance in managing their depression.

Incongruence refers to a mismatch or inconsistency between a person's self-concept (how they see themselves) and their behavior or reality. In this case, Jimmy does not perceive himself as rude or treating people poorly, but his friends perceive him as insensitive. This indicates a lack of congruence between Jimmy's self-concept and his behavior, suggesting that he is experiencing incongruence.

In Albert Ellis's Rational Emotive Therapy ABC model, he believed that a person's beliefs are responsible for depression or other psychological disorders. According to Ellis, it is not the activating events themselves that cause emotional distress, but rather the individual's beliefs and interpretations of those events. These beliefs can be irrational or unrealistic, leading to negative consequences and emotional disturbances. By identifying and challenging these negative beliefs, individuals can work towards healthier thought patterns and emotional well-being.

Transference is a psychological phenomenon where a person redirects their feelings and emotions from one person to another, often unconsciously. In this scenario, Jimmy is projecting his unresolved emotions and issues from his past onto the therapist, accusing him of not being there for him as a child. This is a classic example of transference, as Jimmy is transferring his feelings towards a significant figure from his past onto the therapist in the present therapy session.

Cognitive therapy (CT) is the type of therapy that actually has clients go out and test certain thoughts or beliefs in real situations. This therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and beliefs that contribute to emotional distress. By actively testing these thoughts and beliefs in real-life situations, clients can gain a better understanding of their impact and challenge them with more realistic and positive alternatives. This approach helps individuals develop healthier cognitive processes and improve their overall well-being.

Community psychology is a movement that aims to reduce psychological disorders by changing the approach to therapy. It focuses on addressing social and environmental factors that contribute to mental health issues, rather than solely focusing on individual treatment. This approach emphasizes community involvement, prevention, and empowerment, aiming to create a supportive and inclusive environment that promotes psychological well-being.

The eclecticism approach refers to a therapeutic approach that involves examining the client's problems and utilizing a variety of techniques that could be helpful for the client. This approach does not limit itself to one specific theoretical framework or set of techniques, but instead draws from multiple theories and interventions to tailor the treatment to the individual's needs. It emphasizes flexibility and customization in therapy, allowing the therapist to adapt their approach based on the client's unique circumstances and goals.

SSRIs, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, work by keeping the neurotransmitter serotonin in the synapse for a longer period of time. This means that serotonin is more likely to be used and effective in transmitting signals between neurons. By preventing the reuptake of serotonin, SSRIs increase the availability of serotonin in the brain, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Seasonal affective disorder is a type of depression that is associated with certain seasons, typically winter. Light exposure therapy is a commonly used treatment for this disorder. It involves using a special light box that emits a bright light, similar to natural sunlight, to help regulate mood and reduce symptoms of depression. The light exposure helps to stimulate the brain and regulate the body's internal clock, which can help alleviate the symptoms of seasonal affective disorder.

The correct answer is psychodynamic. Psychodynamic psychoanalysis focuses on current problems and requires fewer sessions compared to traditional psychoanalysis. It aims to uncover unconscious conflicts and unresolved issues from the past that may be influencing present behavior and emotions. This approach emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind and the importance of early childhood experiences in shaping personality. By exploring these underlying factors, psychodynamic therapy aims to bring about lasting change and improve mental well-being.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is commonly used to treat depression. This treatment involves passing electric currents through the brain to induce controlled seizures, which can help alleviate symptoms of severe depression. ECT is typically used when other treatments, such as medication or therapy, have not been effective. It is considered a safe and effective treatment option for individuals with severe depression who have not responded to other interventions.

In client-centered therapy, therapists aim to create a supportive and non-judgmental environment for the patient. Unconditional positive regard refers to the therapist's acceptance and support of the patient without any conditions or judgment. By providing unconditional positive regard, therapists encourage patients to explore their problems and find their own solutions. This approach helps to build trust and fosters the patient's self-discovery and growth.

In aversive conditioning, a person learns to associate an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior. In this example, the drug that naturally causes vomiting when alcohol is consumed would be referred to as the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS). The UCS is a stimulus that naturally elicits a response without any prior conditioning. In this case, the drug naturally causes vomiting, which is an unconditioned response (UCR). The person learns to associate the UCS (drug) with the behavior (drinking alcohol), leading to aversive conditioning.

Depakote is the correct answer because it is mentioned in the question as a medication used to treat bipolar disorder. The question states that lithium has long been used for this purpose, but recently Depakote has provided fewer side effects and is being prescribed instead. This suggests that Depakote is a newer and potentially more effective treatment option for bipolar disorder.