Theory And History Of Architecture Knowledge Test

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  • 1/165 Questions

    What is the principal type of building in Muslim Architecture?

    • Mosque
    • Mausoleum
    • Temple
    • Church
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About This Quiz

Architecture History is the study of architecture as it has evolved over centuries and across many different landscapes and cultures. Some people argue which group of people created architectural marvels, and the war is tied between the Greeks and the Egyptians. Just how much do you know about theory and the history of architecture? Take up the comprehensive quiz below See moreand get to learn more.

Theory And History Of Architecture Knowledge Test - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which of the following represent the primary colors?

    • Green, orange, violet

    • Red, yellow, green

    • Blue, yellow, violet

    • Red, yellow, blue

    Correct Answer
    A. Red, yellow, blue
    Explanation
    The primary colors are the colors that cannot be created by mixing other colors together. They are the building blocks for all other colors. In the subtractive color model, which is used in painting and printing, the primary colors are red, yellow, and blue. Mixing these colors together in different combinations can create all other colors. Therefore, the correct answer is red, yellow, blue.

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  • 3. 

    The “Arabesque” surface ornamentation originated from what style of architecture

    • Muslim

    • Chinese

    • Japanese

    • Thai

    Correct Answer
    A. Muslim
    Explanation
    The "Arabesque" surface ornamentation originated from Muslim architecture. Arabesque is a form of artistic decoration that consists of intricate patterns of geometric and floral designs. It is commonly found in Islamic art and architecture, including mosques, palaces, and other religious buildings. The use of Arabesque ornamentation reflects the influence of Islamic culture and design principles in the artistic traditions of the Muslim world.

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  • 4. 

    The building in the acropolis generally considered as being the most nearly perfect building ever erected is the....

    • Parthenon

    • Anthemion

    • Acroterion

    • Prytaneion

    Correct Answer
    A. Parthenon
    Explanation
    The Parthenon is considered the most nearly perfect building ever erected on the acropolis. It is a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena and was built in the 5th century BC. The Parthenon's architectural design, proportions, and intricate details are highly regarded and have influenced many subsequent buildings. It is an iconic symbol of ancient Greek civilization and is renowned for its harmonious symmetry and aesthetic beauty.

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  • 5. 

    What historic style of architecture contributed the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian “Orders of Architecture?

    • Early Christian

    • Byzantine

    • Greek

    • Egyptian

    Correct Answer
    A. Greek
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Greek because the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian "Orders of Architecture" were developed and used by the ancient Greeks. These architectural styles were characterized by specific column designs and decorative elements, and they had a significant influence on later architectural styles in Western civilization.

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  • 6. 

    What type of architectural character is derived through the use of the building?

    • Personality

    • Function

    • Association

    • Materials

    Correct Answer
    A. Function
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Function". When considering the architectural character of a building, it is important to analyze how the building functions and serves its purpose. The design and layout of the building are influenced by its intended use and the activities that will take place inside. The way the building is organized, the circulation patterns, the placement of different spaces, and the overall layout are all determined by its function. Therefore, the architectural character of a building can be derived through the careful consideration of its function and how it influences the design decisions.

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  • 7. 

    Greek architecture was essentially...

    • Domical roof construction

    • Helm Roof

    • Columnar trabeated

    • Arch and vault

    Correct Answer
    A. Columnar trabeated
    Explanation
    The correct answer is columnar trabeated. Greek architecture is known for its use of columns and the trabeated system, which involves horizontal beams (trabeation) supported by vertical columns. This style can be seen in famous Greek structures such as the Parthenon. Domical roof construction and helm roof are not typically associated with Greek architecture, while arch and vault are more commonly found in Roman architecture.

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  • 8. 

    Public buildings are important structures in Greek architecture. What do you call the town square used as center of Greek social and business life?

    • Agora

    • Tenemos

    • Stoa

    • Propylae

    Correct Answer
    A. Agora
    Explanation
    In Greek architecture, the town square used as the center of Greek social and business life is called the Agora. The Agora was a public space where people would gather for various activities such as political discussions, commercial transactions, and socializing. It was an essential part of Greek city planning and played a significant role in the daily life of the community.

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  • 9. 

    Amphitheaters are used for ___.

    • Sports competition

    • Gladiatorial Contests

    • Marathon race

    • Public meetings

    Correct Answer
    A. Gladiatorial Contests
    Explanation
    Amphitheaters were primarily used for gladiatorial contests in ancient Rome. These contests were a form of entertainment where gladiators would fight each other or wild animals to the death. The design of amphitheaters allowed for a large number of spectators to gather and watch these brutal battles. While amphitheaters may have been used for other events such as sports competitions, marathon races, or public meetings, the main purpose and most famous use of these structures were for gladiatorial contests.

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  • 10. 

    Greek architecture was essentially.

    • Domical roof construction

    • Helm Roof

    • Columnar trabeated

    • Arch and vault

    Correct Answer
    A. Columnar trabeated
    Explanation
    Greek architecture was essentially characterized by the use of columnar trabeated construction. Trabeated architecture is based on the use of horizontal beams or lintels supported by vertical columns. This style is commonly associated with Greek temples, where the columns provide structural support for the roof. The use of columnar trabeated construction allowed for a sense of harmony, proportion, and balance in Greek architecture, which is evident in iconic structures such as the Parthenon.

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  • 11. 
    Mies van der Rohe first envisioned the all-glass skyscraper in the 1920s.A true genius, he designed a structure that could not be built at that time, but some thirty years later the technology was at hand. The long-held dream of the crystalline tower was finally realized in these famous building, 38 stories of black steel and glass. - ProProfs

    Mies van der Rohe first envisioned the all-glass skyscraper in the 1920s.A true genius, he designed a structure that could not be built at that time, but some thirty years later the technology was at hand. The long-held dream of the crystalline tower was finally realized in these famous building, 38 stories of black steel and glass.

    • Lever House

    • Seagram Building

    • Lakeshore Drive Apartment

    • S.R. Crown Hall

    Correct Answer
    A. Seagram Building
    Explanation
    Mies van der Rohe first envisioned the all-glass skyscraper in the 1920s, and the Seagram Building is a famous building that fits this description. It was designed by Mies van der Rohe and was built around thirty years after he first envisioned the concept. The Seagram Building is a 38-story structure made of black steel and glass, making it the correct answer.

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  • 12. 

    The oldest circus in Rome.

    • Circus Varianus

    • Circus Maximus

    • Circus of Maxentius

    • Circus Flaminius

    Correct Answer
    A. Circus Maximus
    Explanation
    The Circus Maximus (Latin for great or large circus, in Italian Circo Massimo) is an ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy. Situated in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills, it was the first and largest stadium in ancient Rome and its later Empire. It measured 621 m (2,037 ft) in length and 118 m (387 ft) in width, and could accommodate about 150,000 spectators.[1] In its fully developed form, it became the model for circuses throughout the Roman Empire. The site is now a public park.

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  • 13. 

    What is referred to as written record of man’s effort to build beautifully?

    • Pre-historic architecture

    • History of architecture

    • Elements of architecture

    • Style of architecture

    Correct Answer
    A. History of architecture
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "History of architecture." This is because the question is asking for the written record of man's effort to build beautifully, which refers to the historical documentation and study of architectural practices and styles throughout time. Pre-historic architecture would refer to the period before written records, elements of architecture would refer to the basic components of architectural design, and style of architecture would refer to specific aesthetic characteristics of architectural movements or periods. Therefore, "History of architecture" is the most appropriate answer.

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  • 14. 

    The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of which Greece and her domains had ample supply of was.

    • Cement

    • Marble

    • Lime

    • Silica

    Correct Answer
    A. Marble
    Explanation
    Marble is the correct answer because it was the mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture. Greece and its domains had an abundant supply of marble, which was used extensively in the construction of buildings, sculptures, and other architectural elements. Marble was highly valued for its beauty, durability, and versatility, making it a preferred material for Greek architects and sculptors. Its use in iconic structures such as the Parthenon and the Temple of Zeus showcases its significance in Greek architecture.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders used by the Greeks.

    • Corinthian

    • Doric

    • Composite

    • Ionic

    Correct Answer
    A. Composite
    Explanation
    The Romans added the Composite order to the orders used by the Greeks.

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  • 16. 

    Plan shape of a Japanese Pagoda

    • Square

    • Rectangle

    • Round

    • Triangular

    Correct Answer
    A. Square
    Explanation
    The plan shape of a Japanese Pagoda is square. This is because traditional Japanese pagodas are typically built with a square base and have multiple stories that gradually decrease in size as they ascend. The square shape provides stability and balance to the structure, and it is also symbolic in Japanese culture, representing the four cardinal directions.

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  • 17. 

    Tomb of Atreus, a noted example of the tholos type of tomb is also known as:

    • Mausoleum, Helicarnassos

    • Tomb of Clytemnestra

    • Tomb of Agamemnon

    • Thersilion, Megapolis

    Correct Answer
    A. Tomb of Agamemnon
    Explanation
    The Treasury of Atreus, also known as the Tomb of Agamemnon, stands atop Panagitsa Hill in Mycenae, Greece, dating back to 1250 BCE. Built during the Bronze Age, it features a colossal lintel stone weighing 120 tons, the world's largest. Discovered by Heinrich Schliemann in 1879, this tholos tomb is part of the Mycenaean World, boasting a circular semi-subterranean chamber with an ogival corbel arch. Standing at 13.5m tall and 14.5m in diameter, it held the record as the tallest and widest dome for over a millennium. Elaborate decorations adorned its interior, and its entrance showcased intricate limestone columns. Segments of these were acquired by the British Museum in the 19th century.

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  • 18. 

    Buddhist architecture shown in rock-cut temples with lavishly carved interiors is a characteristic feature of what style of architecture?

    • Japanese

    • Filipino

    • Indian

    • Chinese

    Correct Answer
    A. Indian
    Explanation
    The Buddhist architecture shown in rock-cut temples with lavishly carved interiors is a characteristic feature of Indian architecture. This style of architecture can be seen in various regions of India, such as Ajanta and Ellora caves, where intricate carvings and sculptures depicting Buddhist teachings and figures are found. These rock-cut temples are a testament to the rich cultural and artistic heritage of ancient India.

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  • 19. 

    "Architecture is Organic".

    • Mies van de Rohe

    • Walter Gropius

    • Le Corbusier

    • Frank Lloyd Wright

    Correct Answer
    A. Frank Lloyd Wright
    Explanation
    Frank Lloyd Wright believed that architecture should be in harmony with its natural surroundings, reflecting the organic forms and principles found in nature. He believed that buildings should be designed to blend seamlessly with their environment, using natural materials and incorporating natural elements such as light and vegetation. This philosophy is evident in his work, which often features open floor plans, large windows, and integration of indoor and outdoor spaces. Wright's approach to architecture as organic reflects his belief in the importance of creating spaces that are connected to and respectful of the natural world.

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  • 20. 

    Which of the following indicates the name of a color?

    • Intensity

    • Chroma

    • Hue

    • Value

    Correct Answer
    A. Hue
    Explanation
    Hue is the correct answer because it refers to the attribute of a color that allows it to be classified as red, blue, green, etc. Intensity refers to the brightness or dullness of a color, chroma refers to the purity or saturation of a color, and value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.

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  • 21. 

    What is the difference between Chinese and Japanese pagodas? 

    • Chinese pagodas are polygonal; Japanese are square in plan

    • Chinese pagodas are mostly five-storeyed; Japanese are three to fifteen

    • Japanese pagodas plans are polygonal; Chinese are square

    • Japanese pagodas are mostly four-storeyed; Chinese are three to seven

    Correct Answer
    A. Chinese pagodas are polygonal; Japanese are square in plan
    Explanation
    Chinese pagodas are polygonal in shape, meaning they have multiple sides, whereas Japanese pagodas are square in plan, meaning they have four sides. This architectural difference is one of the key distinctions between Chinese and Japanese pagodas.

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  • 22. 

    The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part of a Gothic window.

    • Cavetto

    • Crenel

    • Tracery

    • Embrasures

    Correct Answer
    A. Tracery
    Explanation
    Tracery refers to the ornamental pattern work in stone that fills the upper part of a Gothic window. It is typically made up of delicate, intricate designs and can be seen in various architectural structures from the Gothic period. Tracery adds aesthetic appeal to the window and allows for the passage of light while also providing structural support.

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  • 23. 

    What art principle shows the relationships between the various parts of an object/structure/groups of objects and structures?

    • Size

    • Volume

    • Proportion

    • Scale

    Correct Answer
    A. Proportion
    Explanation
    Proportion is the art principle that shows the relationships between the various parts of an object/structure/groups of objects and structures. It refers to the size, shape, and arrangement of the elements within a composition. Proportion helps create a sense of harmony and balance, ensuring that the different parts of an artwork or design work together cohesively. It involves determining the appropriate ratios and ratios between elements, so that they are visually pleasing and aesthetically balanced.

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  • 24. 

    The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.

    • Pantheon

    • Parthenon

    • Apotheca

    • Acropolis

    Correct Answer
    A. Acropolis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Acropolis. The Acropolis refers to the fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek city. It was typically located on a hilltop and served as a stronghold and religious center. The most famous example is the Acropolis of Athens, which includes the iconic Parthenon temple. The term "acropolis" is derived from the Greek words "akron" meaning "highest point" and "polis" meaning "city".

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  • 25. 

    Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.

    • Octagonal

    • Hexagonal

    • Rectangular

    • Square

    Correct Answer
    A. Octagonal
    Explanation
    The plan shape of a Chinese pagoda is octagonal. This means that the pagoda has eight sides, forming an octagon shape. Octagonal pagodas are a common architectural feature in Chinese culture and can be seen in various pagodas throughout China. The octagonal shape is chosen for its aesthetic appeal and symbolic significance, representing balance and harmony. Additionally, the octagonal shape allows for better structural stability and resistance to earthquakes, making it a practical choice for pagoda construction.

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  • 26. 

    An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used in public places.

    • Stoa

    • Pteroma

    • Antefix

    • Anthemion

    Correct Answer
    A. Stoa
    Explanation
    A Stoa is an ancient Greek architectural structure that refers to a long colonnaded shelter used in public places. It typically consisted of a roof supported by columns, providing shade and shelter for people. The Stoa was an important feature in ancient Greek cities, serving as a gathering place, a marketplace, or a meeting point for philosophical discussions. It was an integral part of the urban landscape and played a significant role in the social and cultural life of ancient Greece.

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  • 27. 

    Which of the following is a major contribution of Early Christian architecture?

    • Column and lintel

    • Exterior peristyle

    • Basilican type of cruciform plan

    • Corbelled arch

    Correct Answer
    A. Basilican type of cruciform plan
    Explanation
    The major contribution of Early Christian architecture is the development and use of the basilican type of cruciform plan. This architectural plan, characterized by a rectangular nave, side aisles, and a transept that forms a cross shape, became the standard layout for Christian churches. It allowed for a clear separation of the clergy and the congregation, with a central space for worship and side aisles for circulation. This plan was influential in shaping the design of churches throughout the medieval period and beyond.

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  • 28. 

    The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.

    • Refectory

    • Cortel

    • Apse

    • Dipteral

    Correct Answer
    A. Refectory
    Explanation
    A refectory is a dining hall commonly found in monasteries, convents, and colleges. It is a place where the members of these institutions gather to eat their meals. The term "refectory" is derived from the Latin word "reficere," which means "to restore." This suggests that the purpose of the refectory is not only to provide nourishment but also to offer a space for communal gathering and restoration of the body and spirit. Therefore, the refectory is the most suitable answer for the given question.

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  • 29. 

    Smallest cathedral in the world. (Byzantine period)

    • Little Metropole Cathedral, Athens

    • Sao Paulo Cathedral, Brazil

    • Cathedral of San Giovanni, Rome

    • Aachen Cathedral, Germany

    Correct Answer
    A. Little Metropole Cathedral, Athens
    Explanation
    The Little Metropole Cathedral, Athens (c. A.D. 1250) (p. 234), is the smallest building in the world dignified by the name of cathedral, for it measures only 38 ft. by about 25 ft., and the dome, supported on a high octagonal drum, is only 9 ft. in diameter, pierced by tiny windows, and its facades are largely made up of miscellaneous marbles from old Greek buildings.

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  • 30. 

    Which of the following indicates the brightness of a color?

    • Chroma

    • Value

    • Hue

    • Intensity

    Correct Answer
    A. Intensity
    Explanation
    Intensity refers to the brightness or dullness of a color. It indicates how strong or weak a color appears. A high intensity color is bright and vibrant, while a low intensity color is dull and muted.

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  • 31. 

    Due to generally rainless and bright sunshine climate, which of the following describe Egyptian structures?

    • Steep roofs

    • Large openings

    • Small openings

    • Absence of open court

    Correct Answer
    A. Small openings
    Explanation
    The correct answer is small openings. Egyptian structures have small openings due to the generally rainless and bright sunshine climate. This design helps to keep the interior cool and shaded from the intense sunlight. Additionally, small openings also provide privacy and protection from sandstorms.

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  • 32. 

    Mediaeval architecture, which is characterized by the pointed style, was prevalent in Western Europe from the 13th to the 15th century. What do you call this style?

    • Romanesque

    • Arabesque

    • Doric

    • Gothic

    Correct Answer
    A. Gothic
    Explanation
    Gothic architecture is characterized by the pointed style and was prevalent in Western Europe from the 13th to the 15th century. It is known for its tall, soaring structures, intricate detailing, and large stained glass windows. The term "Gothic" was originally used as a derogatory term to describe this style, as it was seen as a deviation from the classical Romanesque architecture. However, over time, the term became widely accepted and is now used to refer to this specific architectural style.

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  • 33. 

    The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.

    • Romanesque

    • Renaissance

    • Baroque

    • Medieval

    Correct Answer
    A. Baroque
    Explanation
    The architecture of the curved line is known as Baroque. Baroque architecture is characterized by its elaborate and ornamental design, including the use of curves, domes, and dramatic details. It emerged in the 17th century as a reaction against the simplicity of Renaissance architecture. The curved lines in Baroque architecture create a sense of movement and dynamism, often seen in features such as curved facades, spiral staircases, and decorative elements like volutes and scrolls. This style became popular in Europe and influenced many grand buildings, churches, and palaces during the Baroque period.

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  • 34. 

    Architect of the World Trade Center.

    • Kenzo Tange

    • Arata Isozake

    • Minoru Yamasaki

    • Tadao Ando

    Correct Answer
    A. Minoru Yamasaki
    Explanation
    Minoru Yamasaki is the correct answer for the architect of the World Trade Center. He was a Japanese-American architect who designed the original Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. Yamasaki's design for the towers was chosen out of many proposals and his innovative approach to modern architecture is evident in the iconic structures. His design featured a unique tubular steel frame and a curtain wall system, which became defining features of the World Trade Center. Yamasaki's work on the World Trade Center solidified his reputation as a prominent architect and his legacy lives on through these iconic towers.

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  • 35. 

    The best example of a German Romanesque church with apses at both east and west

    • Worms Cathedral

    • Tournai Cathedral

    • Trier Cathedral

    • Bamberg Cathedral

    Correct Answer
    A. Worms Cathedral
    Explanation
    Worms Cathedral is the best example of a German Romanesque church with apses at both east and west. This means that the cathedral has apses, which are semicircular or polygonal projections, at both the eastern and western ends of the building. This architectural feature is unique to Worms Cathedral and sets it apart from the other options listed.

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  • 36. 

    Designer of the Taj Mahal.

    • Shah Jalan

    • Shah Jahan

    • Shah Reza

    • Shah Naser

    Correct Answer
    A. Shah Jahan
    Explanation
    The Taj Mahal, an architectural masterpiece commissioned by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, stands as an enduring symbol of love. The construction of this magnificent mausoleum began in 1632 CE and reached completion in 1648 CE. Shah Jahan initiated the project to commemorate his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who passed away during childbirth. Crafted with meticulous detail, the Taj Mahal is a marvel of white marble and intricate design, reflecting the fusion of Persian, Islamic, and Indian architectural styles. Its serene gardens, the reflective pool, and the majestic dome contribute to the ethereal beauty that has made the Taj Mahal a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a global cultural icon.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following is a contribution of byzantine architecture?

    • Use of domes on pendetives

    • Use of conical timber roof over domes

    • Triumphal arch

    • Interior peristyle

    Correct Answer
    A. Use of domes on pendetives
    Explanation
    The contribution of Byzantine architecture is the use of domes on pendetives. This architectural technique allowed for the creation of large, open spaces with a sense of grandeur and height. The use of domes on pendetives became a defining feature of Byzantine architecture, particularly in religious buildings such as churches and cathedrals. It allowed for the construction of impressive domed structures, such as the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, which became iconic examples of Byzantine architecture.

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  • 38. 
    Comprised of multiple temples built between the 12th Dynasty (1991 BCE-1802 BCE) and the Ptolemaic period, what was the name of the complex considered to be the grandest temple of all Egyptian temples? - ProProfs

    Comprised of multiple temples built between the 12th Dynasty (1991 BCE-1802 BCE) and the Ptolemaic period, what was the name of the complex considered to be the grandest temple of all Egyptian temples?

    • Great Temple of Ammon, Karnak

    • The Great temple of Abu-Simbel

    • Temple of Queen HATSHEPSUT

    • Temple of Ramsesseum, Thebes

    Correct Answer
    A. Great Temple of Ammon, Karnak
    Explanation
    The Great Temple of Ammon in Karnak, Egypt, is considered to be one of the most spectacular temple complexes of the Ancient Egyptians, comprised of a variety of buildings, including temples, pylons, and chapels. The first structures were constructed during the 12th Dynasty under Senusret I during the 20th century BCE and continued into the 1st century BCE. The complex was the primary place of worship and was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979.

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  • 39. 

    Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in circular form.

    • Menhir

    • Cromlech

    • Dolmen

    • Tumulus

    Correct Answer
    A. Cromlech
    Explanation
    A cromlech is an enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in a circular form. This structure is typically found in ancient and prehistoric sites, and it is believed to have served various purposes, such as religious or ceremonial gatherings. The term "cromlech" is often used to describe stone circles or arrangements of standing stones, which are characteristic of many ancient cultures around the world.

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  • 40. 

    "Form follows function".

    • Buckminster Fuller

    • Louis Sullivan

    • Marcel Lajos Breuer

    • Le Corbusier

    Correct Answer
    A. Louis Sullivan
    Explanation
    "Form follows function" is a design principle coined by Louis Sullivan, an American architect. This principle suggests that the shape and design of a building or object should be determined by its intended purpose or function. In other words, the form of a design should be a direct result of its function, rather than being purely decorative or arbitrary. This principle became a fundamental concept in modern architecture and influenced many architects, including Buckminster Fuller, Marcel Lajos Breuer, and Le Corbusier. However, it was Louis Sullivan who first articulated and popularized this idea.

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  • 41. 

    What manifestation in a structure that identifies it as a work of architecture shows the adequate scheme or structural arrangement, effective choice of materials, and effective construction system?

    • Structural stability

    • Aesthetic sense of beauty

    • Economic quality

    • Utility

    Correct Answer
    A. Structural stability
    Explanation
    Structural stability is the manifestation in a structure that identifies it as a work of architecture. It encompasses the adequate scheme or structural arrangement, effective choice of materials, and effective construction system. This means that the structure is designed and built to withstand loads and forces, ensuring its safety and durability. It is an essential aspect of architecture as it ensures the longevity and functionality of the building, making it a fundamental characteristic of architectural design.

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  • 42. 

    Parts of an entablature, in order of top to bottom. i. Cornice      ii. Frieze      iii.Architrave

    • I, ii, iii

    • Ii, i, iii

    • Iii, i, ii

    • I, iii, ii

    Correct Answer
    A. I, ii, iii
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "i, ii, iii". In classical architecture, the entablature is the horizontal structure that rests on top of the columns or walls of a building. It is divided into three parts: the cornice, frieze, and architrave. The cornice is the uppermost part, typically projecting outwards and often decorated with moldings. The frieze is the middle part, located between the cornice and the architrave, and it is usually decorated with relief sculptures or ornamental motifs. The architrave is the lowermost part, serving as a horizontal beam that spans across the columns or walls. Therefore, the correct order of the parts of an entablature from top to bottom is i, ii, iii.

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  • 43. 

    He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.

    • Hadrian

    • Bernini

    • Vitruvius

    • Agrippa

    Correct Answer
    A. Bernini
    Explanation
    Bernini is the correct answer because he is a renowned Italian artist and architect who was known for his contributions to St. Peter's Basilica. He was commissioned by Pope Alexander VII to create the grand entrance piazza, which is considered one of his most famous works. Bernini's design transformed the area in front of the basilica into a magnificent square, featuring colonnades, fountains, and an obelisk, creating a stunning entrance for visitors. His talent and skill in architecture made him the perfect choice for this project.

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  • 44. 

    Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'?

    • Darius

    • Hystaspes

    • Amytis

    • Xerxes

    Correct Answer
    A. Xerxes
    Explanation
    Xerxes began construction of the "Hall of a Hundred Columns" at Persepolis, which was completed by his son Artaxerxes I. The Hall was also known as the Throne Hall and measured 70 × 70 meters. The columns are distinctive and developed during the reign of the Achaemenid kings of ancient Persia (modern-day Iran).

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  • 45. 

    The oldest and most important forum in Rome.

    • Forum Romanum

    • Imperial Forum

    • Forum Cuppedinis

    • Forum Vinarium

    Correct Answer
    A. Forum Romanum
    Explanation
    The Roman Forum (also known as Forum Romanum) is the oldest and most important public square and plaza in Rome. In Ancient Rome, the Forum served a variety of purposes in Roman life, including as a meeting place for trade, public debates, criminal trials, dining, shopping, and political speeches.

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  • 46. 

    It is the eclectic style of domestic architecture of the 1870’s and the 1880’s in England and the USA and actually based on country house and cottage Elizabeth architecture which was characterized by a blending of Tudor Gothic, English Renaissance and colonial elements in the USA:

    • Mannerist Phase

    • Queen Anne style

    • Jacobean Architecture

    • Stuart Architecture

    Correct Answer
    A. Queen Anne style
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Queen Anne style. The Queen Anne style of architecture emerged in the 1870s and 1880s in England and the USA. It was based on the country house and cottage Elizabethan architecture and was characterized by a blending of Tudor Gothic, English Renaissance, and colonial elements. This style was eclectic in nature, combining various architectural influences to create a unique and ornate design.

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following principles: 1.       Frameworks structurally independent of walls 2.       Free-standing façade 3.       Roof garden 4.       Open planning 5.       Cube form elevated on stilts or columns were adopted by Le Corbusier in his Villa Savoye

    • 2, 4, 5

    • 3, 4, 5

    • 1, 2, 3

    • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

    Correct Answer
    A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
    Explanation
    Le Corbusier adopted all of the principles mentioned in the options for his Villa Savoye. The Villa Savoye is known for its innovative and modern design, which incorporates a free-standing façade, open planning, a roof garden, and a cube form elevated on stilts or columns. Additionally, the design of the Villa Savoye features frameworks that are structurally independent of walls. Therefore, all of the principles listed in the options were adopted by Le Corbusier for this iconic building.

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  • 48. 

    The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo Maderna.

    • Latin Cross

    • Greek Cross

    • English Cross

    • French Cross

    Correct Answer
    A. Latin Cross
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Latin Cross. The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo Maderna is in the form of a Latin Cross. This means that the building has a longer nave and shorter transept, forming a cross shape when viewed from above. This design is commonly used in Catholic churches and symbolizes the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The Latin Cross shape is characterized by a longer vertical axis and shorter horizontal axis, creating a traditional and recognizable architectural layout.

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  • 49. 

    From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of columns at the front and rear.

    • Astylar

    • Amphi-Prostyle

    • Dipteral

    • Tympanum

    Correct Answer
    A. Amphi-Prostyle
    Explanation
    Amphi-Prostyle is the correct answer because it refers to a temple that has porticoes of columns at both the front and rear. This architectural style was commonly used in Greek temples, where the columns would create a symmetrical and grand entrance on both sides of the temple.

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Andrea Glass |MA (Medieval History) |
Academic Researcher
Andrae Glass holds a Master's degree in medieval history from the University of Leicester. With over a decade of experience in academic writing, research, and instruction, Andrae has cultivated a broad knowledge base, particularly in archaeology. Her professional background includes freelance essayist, scriptwriter, and instructor roles, all with a historical emphasis.

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  • May 25, 2024
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