Transoesophageal Echocardiography Quiz For all those who find TEE exciting and interesting. .
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion
It is a reliable measure of RV systolic function
Normal TAPSE is 20 – 25 mm
TAPSE is measured at the septal aspect of tricuspid annulus
Can be measured using either the M- mode or 2D echo
Posterior annulus is more prone to dilatation in pathologic conditions
Annulus stays saddle shaped throughout the cardiac cycle
The posterior leaflet has larger annular attachment than anterior leaflet
ME Bicommissural and ME LAX views are aligned to major and minor axes of mitral annulus respectively
VTI and Area should be determined at the same location
LVOT, AV, Ascending aorta and Main Pulmonary artery are all equally suitable for measuring stroke volume
The spatial flow velocity profile should be flat
VTI should be determined with ultrasound beam parallel to blood flow
VTI and area should be determined during mid systole
Left ventricular Hypertrophy
Mitral stenosis
Tricuspid regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation, in early stages
Hypovolemia
Mitral annulus diameter
Leaflet heights and their ratio
Coaptation height
Septal thickness
Left ventricular dimensions
Systolic index of contractility
Mitral inflow velocity
Diastolic index of contractility
Severity of mitral regurgitation
Severity of mitral stenosis
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Pulmonary artery
Tricuspid Valve
Aorta
Pulmonary Valve
Right Ventricle
Aortic Valve
Anterior
Posterior
Lateral
Septal
Inferior
P1, P2, P3
A1, P2, A3
P3, A2, P1
P!, A2, P3
A3, P2, A1
Aorta
Right pulmonary artery
Left pulmonary artery
Main pulmonary artery
Right pulmonary vein
Mitral Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Aortic Valve
Pulmonary Valve
A3
A2
P1
P2
P3
Class I
Class II
Class III A
Class IIIB
Flow across pulmonary Valve
Flow across Tricuspid Valve
Flow across Mitral Valve
Flow across Aortic Valve
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