Sociology -- Chapter Seven
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Characteristics like race and ethnicity are called
- A.
Ascribed statuses
- B.
Achieved statuses
- C.
Minority statuses
- D.
Status roles
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Ascribed statusesExplanation
Ascribed statuses refer to characteristics that are assigned to individuals at birth or based on factors beyond their control, such as race and ethnicity. These statuses are not achieved through personal effort or merit, but rather determined by societal norms and expectations. Therefore, ascribed statuses are the most fitting term to describe characteristics like race and ethnicity.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Jewish Americans would most clearly be
- A.
A racial group
- B.
An authoritarian group
- C.
An example of internal colonialism
- D.
An ethnic group
- E.
A split-labor group
Correct Answer
D. An ethnic groupExplanation
Jewish Americans would most clearly be classified as an ethnic group. This is because being Jewish is primarily associated with a shared cultural heritage, including traditions, customs, and language, rather than a distinct race or authoritarian affiliation. While Jewish people can come from various racial backgrounds, their identification as Jewish is primarily based on their shared ethnicity and cultural practices. Therefore, the most appropriate classification for Jewish Americans would be an ethnic group.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A negative attitude toward certain people based solely on their membership in a particular group is called
- A.
Prejudice
- B.
Discrimination
- C.
A minority group
- D.
Pluralism
- E.
Segregation
Correct Answer
A. PrejudiceExplanation
Prejudice refers to a negative attitude that individuals hold towards others solely based on their membership in a specific group. It involves preconceived notions, stereotypes, and biases that can lead to unfair treatment and judgment. Prejudice can be directed towards various groups such as racial or ethnic minorities, religious groups, or individuals with different sexual orientations. It is important to recognize and challenge prejudice in order to promote equality and inclusivity in society.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The tendency to view one's own group or culture as as in-group that follows the best and only prpoper way to live is termed
- A.
Discrimination
- B.
Prejudice
- C.
Ethnocentrism
- D.
Institutionalized discrimination
- E.
Assimmilation
Correct Answer
C. EthnocentrismExplanation
Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency of individuals to view their own group or culture as superior to others, believing that their way of life is the best and only proper way to live. It involves judging other cultures based on the standards and values of one's own culture. Ethnocentrism can lead to prejudice and discrimination against individuals or groups who are perceived as different or inferior. It can also hinder cultural understanding and appreciation of diversity.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following are among the social sources of prejudice and discrimination discussed in the text?
- A.
Assimilation
- B.
Socialization and conformity
- C.
Ethnocentrism
- D.
All of the above
- E.
Both B and C
Correct Answer
E. Both B and CExplanation
The correct answer is both B and C. The text discusses socialization and conformity as well as ethnocentrism as social sources of prejudice and discrimination. Socialization and conformity refer to the process by which individuals learn and internalize societal norms and values, including biased attitudes and discriminatory behaviors. Ethnocentrism, on the other hand, is the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic or cultural group, which can lead to prejudice and discrimination against other groups.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Women who fail to qualify for employment in a fire department because they do not have sufficient upper-body strength to carry a heavy weight a long distance have encountered
- A.
Racism
- B.
Apartheid
- C.
Prejudice nondiscrimination
- D.
Institutionalized discrimination
- E.
Internal colonialism
Correct Answer
D. Institutionalized discriminationExplanation
Institutionalized discrimination refers to the systematic and pervasive discrimination that is embedded within the policies, practices, and structures of an organization or society. In this case, the fact that women are being excluded from employment in the fire department based on a physical requirement that disproportionately affects them is an example of institutionalized discrimination. The requirement of having sufficient upper-body strength may create a barrier for women to enter the profession, leading to their exclusion and perpetuating gender inequality within the fire department.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The Serbs forced Muslims to move out of certain territories in the former Yugoslavia. This pattern of intergroup relations is most clearly referred to as
- A.
Continued subjugation
- B.
Genocide
- C.
Population transfer
- D.
Pluralism
- E.
Separatism
Correct Answer
C. Population transferExplanation
The correct answer is population transfer. This refers to the forced movement of a particular group of people from one place to another by a more dominant group. In this case, the Serbs forced Muslims to leave certain territories in the former Yugoslavia, which is an example of population transfer. This action was aimed at changing the demographic composition of the region and exerting control over the territory.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Of the minority reactions to domination discussed in the text, minority groups with little power would probably respond with
- A.
Separatism
- B.
Rebellion
- C.
Submission
- D.
Social protest
- E.
Population transfer
Correct Answer
C. SubmissionExplanation
Minority groups with little power are likely to respond to domination with submission. This is because they may feel powerless and unable to challenge the dominant group. Submission involves accepting and complying with the dominant group's control and authority. It is a passive response that may be driven by fear, lack of resources, or a belief that resistance would be futile.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The ___perspective characterizes the mass media as "contested territory" that groups compete over.
- A.
Conflict
- B.
Functionalist
- C.
Interactionist
- D.
Assimilationist
- E.
Evolutionary
Correct Answer
A. ConflictExplanation
The conflict perspective characterizes the mass media as "contested territory" that groups compete over. This perspective suggests that different groups in society have conflicting interests and vie for control over the media to promote their own agendas and ideologies. It views the media as a tool for power struggles and social inequality, where dominant groups use it to maintain their control and marginalize other groups. This perspective emphasizes the role of media in perpetuating social divisions and reinforcing existing power structures.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Over the history of the United States, the experience of most immigrants comes closest to
- A.
A melting pot
- B.
Anglo conformity
- C.
Continued subjugation
- D.
Genocide
- E.
Both A and B
Correct Answer
B. Anglo conformityExplanation
The correct answer is "Anglo conformity." This term refers to the process by which immigrants assimilate into American society by adopting the dominant Anglo-American culture, language, and customs. It suggests that immigrants are expected to conform to the norms and values of the majority culture. This concept recognizes the historical trend of immigrants in the United States to adapt and integrate into the dominant Anglo-American society while maintaining some aspects of their own cultural heritage.Rate this question:
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Dec 07, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 25, 2012Quiz Created by
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