Soc111 Exam #2 Practice Quiz

Functionalists believe that deviance plays important role in society in three ways: 1. clarifies rules and confirms norms, 2. promotes social unity, and 3. can promote social change.

Deviance is not only behavior, but basically anything which doesn't fit in with society, including beliefs and conditions, and it is culturally relative.

Wealth is also sometimes referred to as property

This is an example of vertical mobility which (unfortunately) works both ways, especially of late! (As far as downward mobility goes)

You down with PPP, yeah you know me. Property is also referred to as wealth in certain circles.

The caste system is a system of social inequality where an individual's social status is determined at birth and is based on their parents' ascribed status. It is considered a closed system of stratification because it is difficult for individuals to move between social classes. This system is prevalent in certain societies, particularly in India, where individuals are born into a specific caste and their social opportunities and privileges are largely determined by their caste membership.

Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of large social groups based on their control over basic resources. It involves the division of society into different levels or strata, with individuals or groups occupying different positions based on factors such as wealth, power, and prestige. This arrangement creates a social hierarchy where some individuals or groups have more access to resources and opportunities than others. Social stratification is a fundamental aspect of societies and plays a significant role in shaping social interactions and inequalities.

According to Max Weber's system of stratification, prestige refers to the respect or regard that others have for a person or status position. It encompasses qualities such as fame, respect, honor, and esteem. This concept is important in understanding how individuals are valued and recognized in society based on their social standing and achievements.

Subjective poverty would be in comparison to your own goals of wealth, absolute poverty is not having enough money to live, and relative poverty is being able to afford necessities but not much more.

Some of my other options might be valid in certain circles -- I don't know, for my class this is what they called it.

Race is the correct answer because it refers to a category of people who have been singled out as inferior or superior based on physical characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, and eye shape. This categorization is often subjective and can lead to discrimination and inequality.

In his strain theory, sociologist Robert Merton identified five ways in which people adapt to cultural goals and approved ways of achieving them. These five types of adaptation are conformity, innovation, retreatism, rebellion, and ritualism. Escapism is not one of the types of adaptation identified by Merton.

The four adaptations of Merton's strain theory are innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion.

I don't know if this is a widespread term or not, but our class uses it a lot. Great social distance would be not wanting to be with different people, and little social distance would be being comfortable with different people.

Also display very rigid thinking and are highly intolerant (imagine that!)

The correct answer is conflict. The dependency theory, world systems theory, and the new international division of labor theory all focus on the unequal distribution of resources and power in society. They argue that economic inequality is a result of conflicts between different social groups, such as the rich and the poor, or between developed and developing nations. These theories emphasize the role of power dynamics and social struggles in shaping economic inequality.

Max Weber used the term "life chance" to refer to the extent to which individuals have control over basic resources. This concept encompasses the opportunities and possibilities that individuals have in life, such as access to education, healthcare, employment, and social support. Life chances are influenced by various factors such as social class, economic status, and institutional structures, and they play a crucial role in shaping individuals' life outcomes and overall well-being.

Conflict theorists would argue that core values in the United States prioritize material possessions, hard work, individual initiative, and behavior that upholds the existing social structure. They believe that these values perpetuate social inequality by supporting the prevailing resource distribution system. Conflict theorists view society as a constant struggle for power and resources, with the dominant group using their influence to maintain their advantage over others. Therefore, conflict theorists would agree that these core values contribute to social inequality.

Racism is judging one "race" to be better or worse than another, discrimination is an action against a targeted individual, stereotype is a broad overgeneralization based on some characteristic.

Isn't it amazing how much weight us glorified apes put on this teeny-tiny difference? I think it is "officially" somewhere between 0.1% and 0.5%.