What does fractional distillation do to raw petroleum?

separates it into simpler compounds

separates it into kerosene and diesel

Section Test 21.1 & 21.2 Hydrocarbons And Alkanes

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Questions: 12 | Attempts: 719 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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A hydrocarbon in organic chemistry is an organic compound that has mostly hydrogen and carbon. This quiz will help you find out how much you know about different types of hydrocarbons and alkanes.

Questions and Answers

1.

What is a hydrocarbon?
- A.
  
  An atom
- B.
  
  A molecule
- C.
  
  An alkane
- D.
  
  An organic compound
Correct Answer
D. An organic compound

Explanation
A hydrocarbon is a compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms. It can exist as a single atom, a molecule, or an organic compound. The term "organic" refers to compounds that contain carbon and are typically found in living organisms. Therefore, a hydrocarbon can be classified as an organic compound.

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0
2.

What two common elements make up a hydrocarbon?
- A.
  
  Hydrogen & chlorine
- B.
  
  Carbon & calcium
- C.
  
  Hydrogen & calcium
- D.
  
  Carbon & hydrogen
Correct Answer
D. Carbon & hydrogen

Explanation
A hydrocarbon is a compound made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. These two elements combine to form various hydrocarbons, such as methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8). The other options mentioned in the question, hydrogen & chlorine and carbon & calcium, do not form hydrocarbons.

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3.

Name Three types of Hydrocarbons and explain what each of them are.
4.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds?
5.

Draw the structural and chemical formulas for these three hydrocarbons:Methane: Butane: Octane
6.

Where are most liquid hydrocarbons obtained from?
- A.
  
  Water
- B.
  
  Air
- C.
  
  Walmart
- D.
  
  Pertoleum
Correct Answer
D. Pertoleum

Explanation
Most liquid hydrocarbons are obtained from petroleum. Petroleum is a naturally occurring fossil fuel that is found underground in reservoirs. It is formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms that have been subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, including liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. It is the primary source of liquid hydrocarbons used for various purposes, including transportation, heating, and electricity generation.

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7.

What does fractional distillation do to raw petroleum?
- A.
  
  Makes it more abundant
- B.
  
  Creates gasoline
- C.
  
  Separates it into kerosene and diesel
- D.
  
  Separates it into simpler compounds
Correct Answer
D. Separates it into simpler compounds

Explanation
Fractional distillation is a process used to separate the different components of raw petroleum based on their boiling points. By heating the petroleum, the substances with lower boiling points vaporize first and are collected separately. This process allows the raw petroleum to be separated into simpler compounds such as gasoline, kerosene, and diesel, which can then be used for various purposes. Therefore, the answer "separates it into simpler compounds" accurately describes what fractional distillation does to raw petroleum.

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8.

What kind of bonds do saturated hydrocarbons have?
- A.
  
  Double bonds
- B.
  
  Single & double bonds
- C.
  
  No bonds
- D.
  
  Single bonds
Correct Answer
D. Single bonds

Explanation
Saturated hydrocarbons have single bonds. This is because saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. These single bonds allow each carbon atom to be bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms, resulting in a saturated structure. In contrast, unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as alkenes and alkynes, have double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

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9.

Which hydrocarbon is a alkane?
- A.
  
  Cyclobutane
- B.
  
  Benzene
- C.
  
  Toluene
- D.
  
  Methane
Correct Answer
D. Methane

Explanation
Methane is the correct answer because it is the simplest alkane, consisting of a single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. Alkanes are a type of hydrocarbon that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms and are saturated with hydrogen atoms. Cyclobutane, benzene, and toluene are not alkanes as they contain double bonds or aromatic rings.

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10.

Explain what a hydrocarbon is and show an example of one.
11.

Bonus question: +.5Name three alkanes and tell me how many carbon atoms they contain?( ex: pentane)
12.

Go to the back of the room and create an alkane that was not named in the test.

Section Test 21.1 & 21.2 Hydrocarbons And Alkanes

What is a hydrocarbon?

What two common elements make up a hydrocarbon?

Name Three types of Hydrocarbons and explain what each of them are.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds?

Draw the structural and chemical formulas for these three hydrocarbons:Methane: Butane: Octane

Where are most liquid hydrocarbons obtained from?

What does fractional distillation do to raw petroleum?

What kind of bonds do saturated hydrocarbons have?

Which hydrocarbon is a alkane?

Explain what a hydrocarbon is and show an example of one.

Bonus question: +.5Name three alkanes and tell me how many carbon atoms they contain?( ex: pentane)

Go to the back of the room and create an alkane that was not named in the test.