Science Unit 1 Test

Community refers to a group of assemblages or different populations that coexist and interact with each other in a specific and defined geographical area. It implies the presence of various organisms or individuals living together and sharing resources within a particular ecosystem or habitat. This definition highlights the concept of interdependence and mutual relationships among different species in a given area.

Abiotic factors refer to physical or nonliving components that influence and shape ecosystems. These factors include elements such as temperature, sunlight, water availability, soil composition, and air quality. They play a crucial role in determining the types of organisms that can survive in a particular environment and the overall functioning of the ecosystem. By understanding and studying abiotic factors, scientists can gain insights into the relationships between organisms and their environment and how ecosystems respond to changes in these factors.

An ecosystem refers to a collection of all organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, that exist in a specific location. This also includes their nonliving surroundings, such as the air, water, soil, and physical features of the environment. The organisms within an ecosystem interact with each other and with their environment, forming a complex web of relationships and dependencies. This definition highlights the interconnectedness and interdependence of living organisms and their physical surroundings within a specific area.

The correct answer is "groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area". Population refers to a collection of individuals of the same species that inhabit a specific geographic area. This definition emphasizes the idea that populations consist of multiple individuals of the same species who interact and share a common environment.

Biotic factors refer to the living components of an ecosystem that have an impact on organisms. These factors include interactions between organisms such as predation, competition, and symbiosis, as well as the availability of food, shelter, and resources. Biotic factors play a crucial role in shaping the structure and dynamics of ecosystems, as they determine the survival, growth, and reproduction of organisms within a given environment.

Niche refers to the complete range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives, as well as the specific way in which the organism utilizes those conditions. It encompasses the habitat, resources, and interactions that are essential for the survival and reproduction of a particular species. The concept of niche highlights the unique role or function that an organism plays within its ecosystem, including its interactions with other species and its adaptation to its environment.

Biome refers to a group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar dominant communities. It is a term used in ecology to categorize and describe large-scale ecological communities. Biomes are characterized by their distinct climate, vegetation, and animal life, and they can be found across different regions of the world. This definition aligns with the given answer choice, which accurately describes the concept of biome.

Species are defined as a group of organisms that share similar characteristics and are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. This definition is based on the concept of reproductive isolation, where individuals within a species can mate and produce viable offspring, while individuals from different species cannot. This reproductive compatibility is a key factor in distinguishing one species from another. The other options provided in the question, such as a group of individuals belonging to the same species or different populations living together, do not fully capture the concept of species and the ability to produce fertile offspring.

Homeostasis refers to the process by which an organism maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment. This includes regulating factors such as body temperature, pH levels, and nutrient levels within certain limits. By keeping its internal conditions stable, an organism can ensure that its cells and systems function properly, allowing it to survive and thrive in its environment. The other options, such as reacting to the environment, adapting, or feeding on another organism, do not accurately describe the concept of homeostasis.

Zoology is the correct answer because it is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of animals, including their behavior, physiology, classification, and distribution. It involves researching and understanding various aspects of animal life, from their anatomy and genetics to their habitats and ecological roles. Trignometry and algebra, on the other hand, are branches of mathematics and not biology.

Metabolism refers to the combination of chemical reactions in an organism that involve the breakdown or buildup of materials as it carries out its life functions. It is the process by which the body converts food and drinks into energy that is used to perform various activities. Metabolism is essential for maintaining life and regulating bodily functions such as digestion, respiration, and circulation.

The biosphere extends approximately 8 kilometers above the Earth's surface. The biosphere refers to the zone on Earth where life exists, including the land, water, and atmosphere. It encompasses all ecosystems and organisms, from the deepest parts of the ocean to the highest mountains. The 8-kilometer measurement indicates the vertical extent of the biosphere, suggesting that life can be found up to this height above the Earth's surface.

The correct answer is Sri Lanka because the question states that the ecologists are studying a rainforest ecosystem, and Sri Lanka is mentioned as one of the options. Therefore, it can be inferred that the ecologists are studying the rainforest ecosystem in Sri Lanka.