Science As A Process Pop Quiz

Objective observations are based on facts and measurable data. They are not influenced by personal opinions or biases. Subjective observations, on the other hand, are based on personal opinions, feelings, and interpretations. Therefore, the statement that there are two types of observations, objective and subjective, is correct.

An experiment is the correct answer because it involves testing a hypothesis under controlled conditions. In an experiment, researchers manipulate variables and observe the effects, allowing them to draw conclusions about the hypothesis being tested. Repetition, models, and investigation may also be involved in the scientific process, but they do not specifically refer to the testing of a hypothesis under controlled conditions.

Predicting involves using prior knowledge or information to make an educated guess or forecast about a future event. It is based on analyzing patterns, trends, and data to make an informed prediction or estimate. By utilizing existing information, one can make reasonable assumptions about what may happen in the future. Therefore, the statement "Predicting is using prior knowledge to make a forecast about a future event" is true.

Models are tentative schemes or structures that correspond to real objects, events, or classes of events and have explanatory power. They are representations or simulations of the real world that help us understand and explain complex phenomena. Models can be physical, mathematical, or conceptual and are used in various fields such as science, economics, and psychology. They allow us to make predictions, test hypotheses, and gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of the systems we are studying. Therefore, models are the correct answer as they fit the given definition.

The independent variable is the factor that is intentionally changed in an experiment. It is manipulated by the researcher in order to observe any effects or changes in the dependent variable. The dependent variable, on the other hand, is the variable that is being measured or observed to determine the outcome of the experiment. The controlled variables are the factors that are kept constant throughout the experiment to ensure that any observed changes are a result of the independent variable and not other factors. A controlled experiment refers to an experiment in which all variables except the independent variable are controlled or kept constant.

Investigation is the correct answer because it refers to the act of observing or studying something through close examination and systematic inquiry. It involves gathering information, analyzing evidence, and drawing conclusions. This term is commonly used in various fields such as science, law enforcement, and research. It implies a thorough and organized approach to understanding a particular subject or problem.

The dependent variable is the factor being measured or observed in an experiment. It is the variable that is expected to change or be influenced by the independent variable. The dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable because its value is determined by the changes in the independent variable. In other words, the dependent variable is the outcome or result of the experiment, and its value is dependent on the manipulation of the independent variable.

Scientific inquiry refers to the ongoing process of discovery in science. It involves the diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence they gather. This process includes making observations, asking questions, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. Scientific inquiry is essential for advancing our understanding of the world around us and for developing new technologies and solutions to various problems.

A controlled experiment is a type of experiment where only one variable is manipulated while all other variables are kept constant. This allows researchers to isolate the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. By controlling all other variables, the researcher can determine whether any observed changes in the dependent variable are truly caused by the manipulated independent variable. This type of experiment helps to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Scientific Method is the correct answer because it refers to a plan of inquiry that uses science process skills as tools to gather, organize, analyze, and communicate information. The scientific method is a systematic approach that involves making observations, formulating a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. It is a fundamental process used in scientific research to ensure objectivity and reliability in the acquisition of knowledge.

Controlled variables are the factors that are intentionally kept constant or unchanged during an experiment. This is done in order to isolate the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. By controlling these variables, the researcher can ensure that any changes observed in the dependent variable are solely due to the manipulation of the independent variable. Therefore, controlled variables help to eliminate any potential confounding factors and increase the reliability and validity of the experiment.

Subjective observations are based on personal opinions and interpretations rather than objective facts. They are influenced by individual biases, emotions, and perspectives. Unlike objective observations, which are based on measurable and verifiable data, subjective observations can vary from person to person. Therefore, it is accurate to say that subjective observations are opinions.

A theory is a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results. It is based on scientific evidence and has been extensively tested and supported by multiple experiments and observations. Unlike a law, which describes a phenomenon or relationship in nature, a theory provides an explanation for why and how something occurs. Theories are constantly being refined and updated as new evidence and data emerge. Therefore, a theory is the most suitable option as it encompasses a broad range of observations and experimental results.

The statement is false because the Scientific Method consists of more than 5 steps. The Scientific Method typically includes steps such as making observations, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. These steps are essential in the process of problem-solving and conducting scientific research. Therefore, the statement that there are only 5 steps to solving a problem is incorrect.

Repetition refers to the act of repeating an experiment or procedure multiple times in order to obtain consistent and reliable results. By conducting multiple trials, researchers can minimize the impact of random errors and increase the validity of their findings. Repetition allows for the identification of patterns, trends, and potential outliers, thus enhancing the overall accuracy and credibility of the investigation.

Replication refers to the process of repeating an investigation or experiment to validate the results and ensure their reliability. By conducting the same study multiple times, researchers can determine if the findings are consistent and can be generalized to a larger population. Replication is crucial in scientific research as it helps to establish the validity and credibility of the initial findings.

A law is a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions. It is a well-established and widely accepted principle or rule that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed through experimentation and observation. Laws are based on empirical evidence and are considered to be fundamental principles in the scientific field. They provide a reliable explanation for natural phenomena and can be used to make predictions about future events.

A hypothesis is a suggested answer or reason why one variable affects another in a certain way. It is an educated guess or prediction that is based on observations, knowledge, and previous research. A hypothesis is often used in scientific investigations to guide the research and testing process. It is a proposed explanation that can be tested and either supported or disproven through experimentation and analysis of data.

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The given statement describes the definition of an inference accurately. It states that an inference involves using researched information to make a reasonable guess in order to explain observed events. Since the statement correctly describes the concept of inference, the answer is false.