Test: Respiratory System Diseases! Quiz

The correct answer is "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." COPD is a lung disease that causes difficulty in breathing due to chronic obstruction of airflow. It is a progressive condition that worsens over time and is often caused by smoking or long-term exposure to lung irritants. The other options provided in the question do not accurately represent the acronym COPD or its meaning.

The given answer correctly identifies tuberculosis as an infectious lung disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. It is transmitted through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, allowing the bacteria to be inhaled by others. The bacteria then multiply in the lungs, leading to symptoms such as cough, fever, weight loss, and fatigue. Without proper treatment, tuberculosis can be life-threatening.

The correct answer is "inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords (include hoarseness or loss of voice, sore throat, and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)". This answer accurately describes the symptoms and characteristics of laryngitis, which is an inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords. Hoarseness or loss of voice, sore throat, and difficulty swallowing are common symptoms of laryngitis.

Epistaxis refers to a nose bleed, which is the correct answer given in the question. The question provides information about two different medical conditions, but the answer is specifically related to nose bleeds. The other information provided about CF (Cystic Fibrosis) and chronic respiratory conditions is not relevant to the answer.

The given answer "upper respiratory infection" is the correct explanation for the acronym URI. URI typically refers to an upper respiratory infection, which is a common infection affecting the nose, throat, and sinuses. It is caused by viruses and can result in symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, congestion, and sore throat. The other options, "upper right inguinal" and "upper right injury," do not align with the commonly understood meaning of URI.

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breathing during sleep. These pauses can last for a few seconds to minutes and can occur multiple times throughout the night. This condition occurs when the muscles in the throat fail to keep the airway open, leading to interrupted breathing. It can result in fragmented sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other health complications.

Pleurisy is defined as inflammation of the pleura, which is the double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs. This inflammation can cause sharp chest pain, difficulty breathing, and a dry cough. It is typically caused by an infection, such as pneumonia, or by other conditions like autoimmune disorders or lung cancer. The inflammation of the pleura can lead to the pleural membranes rubbing against each other, causing pain and discomfort. Therefore, the correct answer is inflammation of the pleura.

Emphysema is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by the deterioration and loss of elasticity in the walls of the alveoli. This condition is non-infectious and leads to difficulty in breathing. The damage to the alveoli reduces the surface area available for oxygen exchange, making it harder for the lungs to function properly. Over time, this can result in shortness of breath, coughing, and wheezing. Emphysema is often caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke or air pollution.

Influenza is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects the upper respiratory system. It spreads easily from person to person through respiratory droplets when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. Symptoms of influenza include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, and fatigue. It can lead to complications such as pneumonia, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with weakened immune systems. Therefore, the given answer accurately describes influenza as a highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory system.

Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disease that affects both pediatric and adult patients. It is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus in the lungs, which leads to the blockage of airways. This blockage makes it easier for bacteria to grow, causing chronic infections and ultimately damaging the lungs.