Alcohol's Quiz... (^_^) ^

1. Give the systematic name for this compound: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂ OH

1-pentanol

1-hexanol

5-pentanol

1-butanol

The compound CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OH is a five-carbon chain with an alcohol functional group attached to the first carbon. According to the IUPAC naming system, the parent chain is pentane, and since the alcohol group is attached to the first carbon, it is named as 1-pentanol.

Explanation

The compound CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂OH is a five-carbon chain with an alcohol functional group attached to the first carbon. According to the IUPAC naming system, the parent chain is pentane, and since the alcohol group is attached to the first carbon, it is named as 1-pentanol.

2. State the hydrophilic portion in molecule:

H

COOH

CH₃

C

The hydrophilic portion in the molecule is COOH. This is because COOH is a carboxyl group, which is a polar functional group that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Hydrophilic molecules have an affinity for water and can dissolve or mix well with water. In this molecule, COOH is the only group that contains oxygen and hydrogen atoms, allowing it to interact with water molecules and make the molecule hydrophilic.

Explanation

The hydrophilic portion in the molecule is COOH. This is because COOH is a carboxyl group, which is a polar functional group that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Hydrophilic molecules have an affinity for water and can dissolve or mix well with water. In this molecule, COOH is the only group that contains oxygen and hydrogen atoms, allowing it to interact with water molecules and make the molecule hydrophilic.

3. What is the name for this structure:

Cis-1,2-cyclohexanol

Trans-1,2-cyclohexanol

Cis-1,2-cyclohexanediol

Trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol

The correct answer is trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol. The name "trans" indicates that the two hydroxyl groups are on opposite sides of the cyclohexane ring, while "1,2" indicates that the hydroxyl groups are attached to carbon atoms 1 and 2 of the cyclohexane ring. "Cyclohexanediol" indicates that there are two hydroxyl groups attached to the cyclohexane ring.

Explanation

The correct answer is trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol. The name "trans" indicates that the two hydroxyl groups are on opposite sides of the cyclohexane ring, while "1,2" indicates that the hydroxyl groups are attached to carbon atoms 1 and 2 of the cyclohexane ring. "Cyclohexanediol" indicates that there are two hydroxyl groups attached to the cyclohexane ring.

4. Give the name for this structure:

2-propyl-3-methylcyclohexanol

1-tert-butyl-6-methyl-2-cyclohexanol

2-tert-butyl-3-methylcyclohexanol

1-methyl-2-tert-butyl-3-cyclohexanol

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Explanation

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5. What is the general formula of alcohol?

CnH₂nOH

CnH₂n₊₁OH

CnH₃n₊₁OH

C₂nH₂n₊₁OH

The general formula of alcohol is CnH₂n₊₁OH. This formula represents the structure of alcohol molecules, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. The formula indicates that alcohols consist of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon chain. The number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule is twice the number of carbon atoms plus one. This formula applies to all types of alcohols, including primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.

Explanation

The general formula of alcohol is CnH₂n₊₁OH. This formula represents the structure of alcohol molecules, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. The formula indicates that alcohols consist of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon chain. The number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule is twice the number of carbon atoms plus one. This formula applies to all types of alcohols, including primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.

6.

What is the possible product from the dehydration of cyclopentanol?

The possible product from the dehydration of cyclopentanol is cyclopentene. Dehydration of an alcohol involves the removal of a water molecule, resulting in the formation of a double bond. In this case, the dehydration of cyclopentanol would result in the formation of cyclopentene, which is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a double bond.

Explanation

The possible product from the dehydration of cyclopentanol is cyclopentene. Dehydration of an alcohol involves the removal of a water molecule, resulting in the formation of a double bond. In this case, the dehydration of cyclopentanol would result in the formation of cyclopentene, which is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a double bond.

7.

What is the possible structure for C?

CH₃CH₂COOH

CH₃CH₂OH

CH₃CH₂COOMnO₄

CH₃CH₂COH

The possible structure for C is CH₃CH₂COOH because it is the only option that contains the carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). The other options do not have this functional group.

Explanation

The possible structure for C is CH₃CH₂COOH because it is the only option that contains the carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). The other options do not have this functional group.

8. Give IUPAC name for this compound:

4-ethyl-5methyl-3-heptanol

3-methyl-4-propyl-5-heptanol

5-methyl-4-propyl-3-heptanol

4-propyl-5-methyl-3-heptanol

The correct answer is 5-methyl-4-propyl-3-heptanol. The IUPAC name for this compound is determined by arranging the substituents in alphabetical order and assigning the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. In this compound, there is a methyl group attached to the fifth carbon, a propyl group attached to the fourth carbon, and a heptanol chain attached to the third carbon. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name is 5-methyl-4-propyl-3-heptanol.

Explanation

The correct answer is 5-methyl-4-propyl-3-heptanol. The IUPAC name for this compound is determined by arranging the substituents in alphabetical order and assigning the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. In this compound, there is a methyl group attached to the fifth carbon, a propyl group attached to the fourth carbon, and a heptanol chain attached to the third carbon. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name is 5-methyl-4-propyl-3-heptanol.

9. What is the type of the reaction for this reaction :

Esterification

Reduction

Oxidation

Dehydration

The type of reaction for this reaction is oxidation.

Explanation

The type of reaction for this reaction is oxidation.

10. If the iodoform test give a positive result, what is the observation?

The brown solution turns cloudy.

The brown solution turns colorless.

The orange colour solution remain unchange.

Light yellow precipitate formed.

When the iodoform test gives a positive result, it means that a light yellow precipitate is formed. This indicates the presence of a compound that contains a methyl ketone or an alcohol with a methyl group attached to it. The formation of the precipitate occurs due to the reaction between iodine and the compound, resulting in the formation of iodoform. Therefore, the observation of a light yellow precipitate confirms a positive iodoform test.

Explanation

When the iodoform test gives a positive result, it means that a light yellow precipitate is formed. This indicates the presence of a compound that contains a methyl ketone or an alcohol with a methyl group attached to it. The formation of the precipitate occurs due to the reaction between iodine and the compound, resulting in the formation of iodoform. Therefore, the observation of a light yellow precipitate confirms a positive iodoform test.

11. Give the product for this reaction:

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-COOH

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-OH

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-Cl

CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-CH₃

The given reaction involves the substitution of a chlorine atom (Cl) with a hydroxyl group (OH) in the compound CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-Cl. This substitution reaction is known as nucleophilic substitution, where the hydroxyl group acts as the nucleophile. The resulting product is CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-OH, which is an alcohol compound.

Explanation

The given reaction involves the substitution of a chlorine atom (Cl) with a hydroxyl group (OH) in the compound CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-Cl. This substitution reaction is known as nucleophilic substitution, where the hydroxyl group acts as the nucleophile. The resulting product is CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂-OH, which is an alcohol compound.

12. Arrange the compound in increasing acidity.

Carboxylic acid>phenol>alcohol

Alcohol>phenol>carboxylic acid

Carboxylic acid>alcohol>phenol

Alcohol>carboxylic acid>phenol

Carboxylic acids are more acidic than phenols and alcohols because the carboxyl group (-COOH) can easily donate a proton (H+) due to the presence of the highly electronegative oxygen atom. Phenols are less acidic than carboxylic acids because the hydroxyl group (-OH) is not as easily ionizable. Alcohols are the least acidic among the three compounds as the alkyl group attached to the hydroxyl group (-OH) hinders the ionization of the hydroxyl group. Thus, the correct order of increasing acidity is carboxylic acid>phenol>alcohol.

Explanation

Carboxylic acids are more acidic than phenols and alcohols because the carboxyl group (-COOH) can easily donate a proton (H+) due to the presence of the highly electronegative oxygen atom. Phenols are less acidic than carboxylic acids because the hydroxyl group (-OH) is not as easily ionizable. Alcohols are the least acidic among the three compounds as the alkyl group attached to the hydroxyl group (-OH) hinders the ionization of the hydroxyl group. Thus, the correct order of increasing acidity is carboxylic acid>phenol>alcohol.

13.

What can be produce in this reaction?

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Explanation

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14. An organic compound X has the following properties: · Liberates HCl when added to PCl₅ · Rotates plane-polarised light Which of the following is X?

The compound X can be identified as an optically active compound since it rotates plane-polarized light. Additionally, it liberates HCl when added to PCl₅, suggesting that it contains a functional group capable of reacting with PCl₅ to form HCl. Therefore, the correct answer is a compound that is both optically active and can react with PCl₅ to liberate HCl.

Explanation

The compound X can be identified as an optically active compound since it rotates plane-polarized light. Additionally, it liberates HCl when added to PCl₅, suggesting that it contains a functional group capable of reacting with PCl₅ to form HCl. Therefore, the correct answer is a compound that is both optically active and can react with PCl₅ to liberate HCl.

15. Several reaction involving phenol are shown below. Which reaction is possible?

C₆H₅OH + K → C₆H₅OK +⅟₂H₂

C₆H₅OH + HCl → C₆H₅Cl + H₂O

2C₆H₅OH + Na₂CO₃ → 2C₆H₅ONa + CO₂ + H₂O

C₆H₅OH + Cl₂ → C₆H₅Cl HOCl

The reaction C₆H₅OH + K → C₆H₅OK +⅟₂H₂ is possible because it involves the reaction between phenol (C₆H₅OH) and potassium (K) to form phenolate ion (C₆H₅OK) and hydrogen gas (⅟₂H₂). This reaction is a type of metal displacement reaction where potassium replaces the hydrogen in phenol, resulting in the formation of phenolate ion and hydrogen gas as a byproduct.

Explanation

The reaction C₆H₅OH + K → C₆H₅OK +⅟₂H₂ is possible because it involves the reaction between phenol (C₆H₅OH) and potassium (K) to form phenolate ion (C₆H₅OK) and hydrogen gas (⅟₂H₂). This reaction is a type of metal displacement reaction where potassium replaces the hydrogen in phenol, resulting in the formation of phenolate ion and hydrogen gas as a byproduct.