The phrase "Bila bulan menegur salam" in the poem is an example of personification. Personification is a figure of speech in which human qualities or actions are attributed to non-human entities. In this case, the moon is given the human action of greeting or saying hello (menegur salam). This personification adds a sense of life and emotion to the moon, creating a vivid and imaginative image in the reader's mind.

The explanation for the correct answer (b. Orang pertama pelaku utama) is that the passage is written from the perspective of the narrator, who is the main character in the story. The use of first-person pronouns like "aku" (I) and "saya" (me) suggests that the narrator is directly involved in the events and is experiencing them firsthand. The passage also focuses on the narrator's thoughts, feelings, and actions, indicating that they are the central figure in the story.

The correct answer is a. "Dia adalah bunga desa" is a metaphor because it compares someone to a flower from the village, suggesting that the person is beautiful and pure like a flower.

The poem describes a girl who is begging and carrying a small tin can. The phrase "gadis kecil berkaleng kecil" suggests that she is a young girl who is experiencing hardship or suffering. This is supported by the line "Senyummu terlalu kekal untuk kenal duka" which implies that her smile is constant despite her difficult circumstances. Therefore, the correct answer is c. Seorang perempuan yang masih anak-anak yang mengalami kesengsaraan (a young girl who is experiencing hardship or suffering).

The correct answer is b. Orang ketiga di luar cerita. This is because the passage is written in third person point of view and the narrator is not a character within the story. The narrator is observing and telling the story from an external perspective.

The correct answer is "a. balada". A balada is a type of poetry that tells stories about heroic or revered figures. It often focuses on their bravery, courage, or accomplishments. This type of poetry is typically characterized by its narrative style and emotional tone.

The correct answer is c. elegi. Elegi is a type of poetry that expresses feelings of sorrow, grief, or mourning. It is often used to convey personal emotions and reflect on the loss or sadness experienced by the poet. This type of poetry is characterized by its somber tone and introspective nature.

The connotative meaning of the word "hujan" in the poem excerpt is "perbuatan baik" or "good deed". This can be inferred from the lines that describe the rain hiding its longing and erasing its hesitant footsteps. The rain is personified as having emotions and intentions, suggesting that it is symbolizing something more than just literal rain. In this context, the rain represents a kind and selfless act, emphasizing its resilience and wisdom.

The correct answer is d. Ketiga serba tahu. This is because the passage is written from a third-person omniscient point of view, where the narrator has knowledge of the thoughts and actions of multiple characters. The passage provides insight into the thoughts of Ni Negari, indicating that the narrator has access to the inner thoughts of the characters.

The correct answer is "b. deklamasi". Kegiatan membaca puisi secara nyaring dan ekspresif dengan tujuan untuk mengungkapkan perasaan dan emosi yang terkandung dalam puisi disebut dengan deklamasi.