Quantitative/Qualitative Research Password Version
This quiz focuses on the basic attributes of qualitative andquantitative research, as well as some principles of research ingeneral. The information that you'll need to complete the quiz can befound on an online reference:
"The Research Methods Knowledge Base" --
http://www. Socialresearchmethods. Net/kb/index. Php
In this version of the quiz, you'll see which answers you got correct and incorrect so you can change your responses.
- 1.
The most basic distinction between types of data is that some data are quantitative while other data are qualitative. Quantitative data general consists of:
- A.
Numbers
- B.
Equations
- C.
Open-ended responses
- D.
Survey and questionnaire data
- E.
Any data can be considered quantitative.
Correct Answer
A. NumbersExplanation
The correct answer is "Numbers" because quantitative data is characterized by numerical values or measurements. This type of data can be expressed in terms of quantities or amounts, and can be manipulated mathematically or statistically. It is different from qualitative data, which is descriptive in nature and does not involve numerical values.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Qualitative data generally can include:
- A.
Only written material that respondents provide in response to open-ended items.
- B.
Any sort of data that can be summarized with numbers.
- C.
Text, pictures, videos, sound recordings.
- D.
Survey and questionnaire data.
- E.
Equations.
Correct Answer
C. Text, pictures, videos, sound recordings.Explanation
Qualitative data refers to non-numerical data that is collected through observations, interviews, or open-ended questions. It focuses on capturing the richness and depth of experiences, opinions, and behaviors. Text, pictures, videos, and sound recordings are examples of qualitative data as they provide detailed descriptions, visual representations, and audio recordings that can convey the nuances and context of the subject being studied. Equations, on the other hand, are typically used to represent quantitative data and are not considered qualitative data.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The most fundamental difference between qualitative data and quantitative data is that:
- A.
The type of judgment that is used to make meaning of the data, and how the data are manipulated.
- B.
The research questions that can be addressed using each of the types of data.
- C.
The topics about which the data are being collected.
- D.
The respondents providing the data.
- E.
There really is no difference.
Correct Answer
A. The type of judgment that is used to make meaning of the data, and how the data are manipulated.Explanation
The correct answer is that the most fundamental difference between qualitative data and quantitative data is the type of judgment used to make meaning of the data and how the data are manipulated. Qualitative data is typically subjective and relies on interpretations and judgments made by researchers, while quantitative data is objective and relies on numerical measurements and statistical analysis. Additionally, qualitative data is often analyzed through coding and thematic analysis, while quantitative data is analyzed through statistical methods such as hypothesis testing and regression analysis.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Considering the way researchers handle data, it is helpful to remember that:
- A.
It is not possible to convert qualitative data into quantitative data.
- B.
If qualitative data are converted into quantitative data, validity always suffers.
- C.
Researchers often will often use quantitative data so that they avoid any subjective or qualitative judgments.
- D.
A researcher who converts qualitative data into quantitative data is ensuring that the validity of the research will be improved.
- E.
Although some data are collected quantitatively, there are many qualitative judgments that go into how those responses are collected.
Correct Answer
E. Although some data are collected quantitatively, there are many qualitative judgments that go into how those responses are collected.Explanation
The given answer correctly states that although some data are collected quantitatively, there are many qualitative judgments involved in how those responses are collected. This means that even when collecting quantitative data, researchers still need to make subjective judgments about the design, methodology, and interpretation of the data. Therefore, it is important to remember that qualitative judgments play a role in handling both qualitative and quantitative data.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The "Levels of Measurement" are typically placed in a sequence in which higher levels contain the attributes of the lower levels, but add some attribute. At the lowest level it is not even meaningful to average the numbers, while at the highest level it is possible to use inferential statistics. The sequence of "levels of measurement" from lowest to highest is:
- A.
(lowest) nominal-->ordinal-->interval-->ratio (highest)
- B.
(lowest) interval-->nominal-->ordinal-->ratio (highest)
- C.
(lowest) ratio-->interval-->ordinal-->nominal (highest)
- D.
(lowest) interval-->ordinal-->nominal-->ratio (highest)
- E.
(lowest) nominal-->ratio-->interval-->nominal (highest)
Correct Answer
A. (lowest) nominal-->ordinal-->interval-->ratio (highest)Explanation
The correct answer is (lowest) nominal-->ordinal-->interval-->ratio (highest). This sequence follows the logical progression of levels of measurement. Nominal level of measurement is the lowest, where variables are categorized into distinct groups with no quantitative value. Ordinal level adds the attribute of order or ranking to the categories. Interval level introduces equal intervals between the values, allowing for meaningful differences and addition/subtraction operations. Ratio level includes all the attributes of the previous levels and also has a true zero point, enabling multiplication/division operations and the use of inferential statistics.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In research, data are generally being collected that are meant to describe, measure or otherwise characterize a construct. A construct is most correctly described as:
- A.
The process by which the data will be analyzed.
- B.
How correct the data are relative to what they are supposed to describe.
- C.
Whether the right kind of data are collected for the research question to be answered.
- D.
The theoretical idea or concept that is being described or analyzed in the process of research.
- E.
The term "construct" has no set meaning in research.
Correct Answer
D. The theoretical idea or concept that is being described or analyzed in the process of research.Explanation
A construct refers to the theoretical idea or concept that is being described or analyzed in the process of research. It represents an abstract concept that researchers aim to measure or characterize through data collection. Constructs are often used to represent complex phenomena that cannot be directly observed, such as intelligence or personality traits. By understanding and defining constructs, researchers can design appropriate methods and collect relevant data to answer their research questions.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In research the term validity refers to:
- A.
How meaningful it is to generalize based on the research.
- B.
How well the researcher did what was planned.
- C.
The accuracy of the measures used.
- D.
The same as "reliability".
- E.
How well the researcher explains what she/he means by the key terms used in the research.
Correct Answer
A. How meaningful it is to generalize based on the research.Explanation
Validity in research refers to the extent to which the findings and conclusions of a study are accurate, meaningful, and applicable to a larger population or context. It assesses whether the research methods and measures used are appropriate and reliable in capturing the phenomenon being studied. Validity determines the generalizability of the research, indicating how well the findings can be applied to other settings or populations. It is distinct from reliability, which focuses on the consistency and stability of the research measures. Therefore, the given answer accurately describes validity as the term refers to the meaningfulness of generalizing based on the research.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When numbers are used in a study as labels--in place of names--the numbers are said to be at a level of measurement called ______ data.
Correct Answer
nominalExplanation
In this question, the correct answer is "nominal". Nominal data refers to a level of measurement where numbers are used as labels or categories, rather than representing quantities or values. In a study, when numbers are used as labels instead of names, it indicates that the data is at a nominal level of measurement. This means that the numbers do not have any inherent order or magnitude and are simply used to categorize or identify different groups or variables.Rate this question:
- 9.
When the numbers that are collected as data in research have a true "0" point, such the numbers can be correctly manipulated mathematically, the data are said to be at a level of measurement called _____ data.
Correct Answer
ratioExplanation
Ratio data refers to data that has a true "0" point and can be manipulated mathematically. In this level of measurement, the numerical values have a meaningful ratio, allowing for comparisons and calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Examples of ratio data include age, height, weight, and income.Rate this question:
- 10.
The approximate truth of propositions, inferences, or conclusions in research is referred to as _______ .
Correct Answer
validityExplanation
Validity refers to the extent to which a research study measures what it intends to measure and accurately represents the true state of affairs. It is about the accuracy and soundness of the research findings, inferences, or conclusions. In other words, validity determines whether the results obtained from a study are reliable and can be generalized to the population or phenomenon being studied. It is an important aspect of research as it ensures that the study is meaningful, credible, and trustworthy.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Mar 09, 2010Quiz Created by
Ecrobeck
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