PSYC 342 Quiz 2

Taste aversion learning can occur after just one CS-US pairing. This means that an individual can develop an aversion to a certain taste or food after experiencing it in association with an unpleasant or negative stimulus (US) just once. Unlike other forms of classical conditioning, taste aversion learning does not require multiple pairings or reinforcement. This type of learning is unique because it can happen quickly and can have long-lasting effects on an individual's preferences and behavior towards certain tastes or foods.

The conditioned response (CR) in this situation is feelings of comfort. This is because the child has associated the presence of the teddy bear with comfort, and therefore, when the teddy bear is with him, he feels comforted.

In a bidirectional response system, subjects move away from an excitatory CS. Therefore, it can be inferred that the subjects would approach an inhibitory CS.

In this situation, the conditioned stimulus (CS) is the teddy bear. The child has associated the presence of the teddy bear with comfort and security, as it provides comfort when the parents are not around. Therefore, the teddy bear has become a conditioned stimulus that elicits a positive response from the child.

The conditioned stimulus (CS) in this situation is the crying infant. This is because after the nursing mother has repeatedly responded to the crying by putting the infant to her breast, the sound of the baby crying becomes associated with the delivery of milk. As a result, the crying infant becomes a conditioned stimulus that can stimulate the milk letdown reflex.

The conditioned response (CR) in this situation is the delivery of milk. This is because the nursing mother has learned to associate the sound of the baby crying with the act of breastfeeding, which in turn stimulates the release of milk. Therefore, the delivery of milk is the response that is conditioned to occur in response to the crying infant.

The interstimulus interval refers to the time period between the start of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the start of the unconditioned stimulus (US). This interval represents the time delay between the presentation of the CS and the occurrence of the US, which is important in classical conditioning as it affects the strength and effectiveness of the learned association between the two stimuli.

The unconditioned stimulus (US) in this situation is the parents tucking him in. This is because the child naturally and automatically associates the presence of his parents tucking him in with feelings of comfort and security.

The unconditioned response (UR) in this situation is the delivery of milk. The nursing mother's body naturally responds to the infant's crying by releasing milk from her breast. This is a reflexive response that occurs without any conditioning or learning.

The unconditioned stimulus (US) in this situation is the infant to her breast. This is because the act of putting the infant to her breast naturally and automatically stimulates the delivery of milk, without any prior learning or conditioning.