Prep Quiz For 10/13/2011
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A band of muscle that prevents refluxes from happening is called?
Correct Answer(s)
sphinterExplanation
A band of muscle that prevents refluxes from happening is called a sphincter. Sphincters are circular muscles that act like valves, opening and closing to control the flow of substances through various organs and body systems. They are found throughout the body, including in the digestive system, urinary system, and reproductive system. Sphincters help regulate the movement of food, urine, and other substances, preventing them from flowing backward or refluxing.Rate this question:
- 2.
Amylase breaks down which of the following
- A.
Protein
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Fats
- D.
Sugars
Correct Answer
B. CarbohydratesExplanation
Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. It specifically targets complex carbohydrates such as starch and breaks them down into simpler sugars like glucose. This process is important for digestion, as it allows the body to absorb and utilize the energy from carbohydrates. Amylase is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas, and it plays a crucial role in the breakdown of carbohydrates in the digestive system. Therefore, the correct answer is carbohydrates.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Another word for houstra or sacculations is
Correct Answer
out pouchingExplanation
The correct answer is "out pouching" because houstra or sacculations refer to the presence of small pouches or bulges in the wall of an organ, typically seen in the large intestine. These pouches are also known as out pouching, as they protrude outward from the main organ structure.Rate this question:
- 4.
Check the portions that make the duodenum
- A.
Superior
- B.
Descending
- C.
Horizontal
- D.
Ascending
- E.
Transverse
Correct Answer(s)
A. Superior
B. Descending
C. Horizontal
D. AscendingExplanation
The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine, which connects to the stomach. It is divided into four portions: superior, descending, horizontal, and ascending. The superior portion is the initial part of the duodenum, which receives partially digested food from the stomach. The descending portion is the second part, which descends downwards. The horizontal portion is the third part, which runs horizontally across the abdomen. Finally, the ascending portion is the fourth part, which ascends upwards. Therefore, the correct answer includes all four portions of the duodenum.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Enzymes are all protein
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions in living organisms. They are typically composed of proteins, although some RNA molecules can also exhibit catalytic activity. Proteins are made up of amino acids and have a complex three-dimensional structure that enables them to perform their specific functions. Since enzymes are a type of protein, the statement "enzymes are all protein" is true.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Glucagun are alpha cells in the endocrine system
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells in the endocrine system. It plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. Therefore, the statement that "glucagon are alpha cells in the endocrine system" is true.Rate this question:
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- 7.
HCL is produced by which cell?
- A.
Parietals
- B.
Paristalsis
- C.
Ptyalin
- D.
Ptyalism
Correct Answer
A. ParietalsExplanation
Parietals cells are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach. HCL is an important component of gastric juice and plays a crucial role in the digestion of food. It helps to break down proteins, kill bacteria, and activate digestive enzymes. Parietals cells are located in the gastric glands of the stomach lining and are stimulated by various factors, including the presence of food in the stomach. Therefore, the correct answer is parietals.Rate this question:
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- 8.
HCL stands for hydrochlorine acide
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
hydroCHLORIC acidRate this question:
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- 9.
How big is the duodenum
- A.
10ft
- B.
25cm
- C.
12 in
- D.
5m
Correct Answer
B. 25cmExplanation
The duodenum is a part of the small intestine that connects to the stomach. It is approximately 25cm in length.Rate this question:
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- 10.
How long is the SI?
- A.
20 M
- B.
20 IN
- C.
20 FT
- D.
20 CM
Correct Answer
C. 20 FTExplanation
The SI (International System of Units) is not mentioned in the question, so it is irrelevant to the given options. The correct answer is "20 FT" because it represents 20 feet, which is a unit of length commonly used in the imperial system of measurement.Rate this question:
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- 11.
How many flexures does the duodenum have?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
Correct Answer
A. 1Explanation
The duodenum has one flexure. Flexure refers to a bend or curve in the gastrointestinal tract. In the case of the duodenum, it has a single flexure known as the duodenojejunal flexure, which is the point where the duodenum transitions into the jejunum.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Istetes of longerhans,beta cells, gucagun, protease, alpha cells, acinar cells, amylase,and lipase have one common organ which is ?
Correct Answer
pancreasExplanation
The question is asking for the organ that all of the listed components have in common. The components listed are related to the pancreas, such as beta cells, alpha cells, acinar cells, amylase, and lipase. Therefore, the correct answer is pancreas, as it is the organ that contains all of these components.Rate this question:
- 13.
Lipase breaks down which of the following
- A.
Protein
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Fats
- D.
Sugars
Correct Answer
C. FatsExplanation
Lipase is an enzyme that specifically breaks down fats. It helps in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats in the body. Lipase acts on triglycerides, which are the main components of dietary fats, and breaks them down into fatty acids and glycerol. This process allows the body to utilize and absorb fats for energy and other essential functions. Therefore, lipase is responsible for the breakdown of fats, not proteins, carbohydrates, or sugars.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Pepsin breaks down what?
- A.
Protease
- B.
Protein
- C.
Lipids
- D.
Amylase
Correct Answer
B. ProteinExplanation
Pepsin is an enzyme that is secreted in the stomach and is responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides. Therefore, the correct answer is protein.Rate this question:
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- 15.
- poly dipsia
- poly uria
- poly phagia
- A.
Inception
- B.
Insidious
- C.
Insipidous
- D.
Drunk
Correct Answer
C. InsipidousExplanation
The given symptoms, polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia, are commonly associated with diabetes. These symptoms indicate excessive thirst, frequent urination, and increased appetite, respectively. The term "insipidous" is likely a typographical error, as the correct term is "insipidus." Diabetes insipidus is a rare form of diabetes that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to properly regulate water balance in the body. This condition is unrelated to the more common form of diabetes, known as diabetes mellitus.Rate this question:
- 16.
Protease breaks down which of the following
- A.
Protein
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Fats
- D.
Sugars
Correct Answer
A. ProteinExplanation
Protease is an enzyme that specifically breaks down proteins. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins, leading to their breakdown into smaller peptides or individual amino acids. This process is essential for digestion, as it allows the body to absorb and utilize the amino acids present in dietary proteins for various biological processes. Protease does not break down carbohydrates, fats, or sugars, as these macronutrients require different enzymes for their digestion and metabolism.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Single haustra is called
Correct Answer
haustrumExplanation
A single haustra is called a haustrum. Haustra are small pouches or sacs that are found along the colon. They are formed by the contraction of the circular muscles in the colon wall. These haustra help to increase the surface area of the colon, allowing for more efficient absorption of water and nutrients from digested food. The term "haustrum" is the singular form of "haustra" and refers to one of these individual pouches.Rate this question:
- 18.
Superior,decending ,horizontal , and ascending are all the portions of the SI
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
there are 3 parts Duodenum,Jejunum,and Ileum. The portions named are of the Duodenum onlyRate this question:
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- 19.
The beta cells in th endocrine system are known as
Correct Answer
insulineExplanation
The beta cells in the endocrine system are known as insulin.Rate this question:
- 20.
The buffer created by the acinar cell that neutralizes acidity in the stomach is called
- A.
Pepsin
- B.
Secretin
- C.
Sodium bicarbonate
- D.
Protease
Correct Answer
C. Sodium bicarbonateExplanation
The correct answer is sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate is a buffer that is produced by the acinar cells in the stomach. It helps to neutralize the acidity in the stomach by raising the pH level. This buffer plays a crucial role in maintaining the proper pH balance in the stomach, preventing damage to the stomach lining and promoting digestion. Pepsin is an enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins, secretin is a hormone that regulates the release of digestive juices, and protease is a general term for enzymes that break down proteins.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The duodenal cup/bulb is inferior and connected to the pylorus
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
superiorRate this question:
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- 22.
The illum is 12' long and has the smallest diameter of the 3 parts in the small intestine
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
its the IleumRate this question:
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- 23.
The large intestine is how long
- A.
5 m
- B.
5 ft
- C.
240cm
- D.
96in
Correct Answer
B. 5 ftExplanation
The correct answer is 5 ft. The large intestine, also known as the colon, is approximately 5 feet long in the average adult human body. It is the final part of the digestive system, responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from undigested food, forming and storing feces before elimination.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The left colic flexure is also known as the _______ flexure
Correct Answer
splenicExplanation
The left colic flexure is also known as the splenic flexure.Rate this question:
- 25.
The main pancreatic duct that is located in the asending duodenum is called the "wirsung duct"
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
decendingRate this question:
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- 26.
The mucus cell in the stomach is produced by what type of epithelium
- A.
Stratified columnar
- B.
Simple squamous
- C.
Simple cuboidal
- D.
Stratified squamous
- E.
Simple columnar
- F.
Pseudostratified
- G.
Stratified cuboidal
Correct Answer
E. Simple columnarExplanation
The mucus cell in the stomach is produced by a type of epithelium called simple columnar. Simple columnar epithelium is a single layer of tall, closely packed cells that line the stomach and intestines. These cells secrete mucus, which helps protect the stomach lining from the acidic environment and aids in the digestion process.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The pancrease releases the following protease,amylase,lipase,and acinar cells
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The pancreas is an important organ in the digestive system that releases several enzymes to aid in the digestion of food. Protease, amylase, and lipase are all enzymes released by the pancreas. Protease helps in the breakdown of proteins, amylase aids in the digestion of carbohydrates, and lipase helps in the digestion of fats. Acinar cells are also present in the pancreas and are responsible for producing and releasing these enzymes. Therefore, the statement that the pancreas releases protease, amylase, lipase, and acinar cells is true.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The part that contains the ligament that connects the doudenum to the jejunum is called
- A.
Treitz
- B.
Duodenojejunal flexure
- C.
Duodenumjejunum flexure
- D.
Ligament treitz
Correct Answer
B. Duodenojejunal flexureExplanation
CONTAINS the ligamentRate this question:
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- 29.
The right colic flexure is also known as what other flexure
Correct Answer
hepaticExplanation
The right colic flexure is also known as the hepatic flexure. This is because it is located near the liver, which is referred to as "hepatic" in medical terminology. The hepatic flexure is the sharp bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon, and it plays a crucial role in the movement and digestion of food in the gastrointestinal tract.Rate this question:
- 30.
The small intestine is anterior to the other organs
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
the large intestine is anteriorRate this question:
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- 31.
The taenia coli muscle band prodices sacs called
- A.
Haustra
- B.
Sacculations
- C.
Out pouching
Correct Answer(s)
A. Haustra
B. Sacculations
C. Out pouchingExplanation
The taenia coli muscle band in the large intestine produces sacs called haustra, which are responsible for the formation of sacculation and outpouching. These haustra help in the movement of fecal matter through the large intestine by contracting and relaxing, allowing for the segmentation and mixing of the contents. The sacculations and outpouching created by the taenia coli provide increased surface area for absorption and aid in the process of water reabsorption, which is essential for the formation of solid feces.Rate this question:
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- 32.
There are 3 pairs of cells in the stomach
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
3 typesRate this question:
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- 33.
What are the 3 types of cells in the stomach
- A.
Pepsin
- B.
Mucus
- C.
Digestive enzymes
- D.
Hormone
- E.
Chief
- F.
Paretals
- G.
Hydrochloric acid
Correct Answer(s)
B. Mucus
E. Chief
F. ParetalsExplanation
The stomach is composed of three main types of cells: mucus, chief, and parietal cells. Mucus cells secrete mucus, which acts as a protective barrier for the stomach lining. Chief cells produce pepsinogen, an inactive enzyme that is later activated to pepsin, which helps in the digestion of proteins. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid, which creates an acidic environment in the stomach necessary for the activation of pepsin and the breakdown of food. These three types of cells work together to ensure proper digestion and protection of the stomach lining.Rate this question:
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- 34.
What creates the buffers ?
- A.
Duodenum
- B.
Secretin
- C.
Pancreas
- D.
Acinar cells
Correct Answer(s)
C. Pancreas
D. Acinar cellsExplanation
the duedonum releases the hormone secretin that tells the pancreas to create the acinar cells that produces the buffersRate this question:
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- 35.
What digestive enzyme does the chief cell in the stomach produce?
Correct Answer(s)
pepsinExplanation
The chief cells in the stomach produce the digestive enzyme called pepsin. Pepsin is responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides, which can then be further broken down by other enzymes in the digestive system. It is produced in its inactive form, pepsinogen, and is activated by the acidic environment in the stomach. Pepsin plays a crucial role in the digestion of proteins and helps in the absorption of essential nutrients.Rate this question:
- 36.
What hormone that takes place in the stomach tells it to produce gastric juices
Correct Answer(s)
gastrinExplanation
Gastrin is a hormone that is responsible for stimulating the production of gastric juices in the stomach. It is released by the G-cells in the stomach lining in response to the presence of food. Gastrin then acts on the parietal cells to increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid and the chief cells to increase the secretion of pepsinogen, which are essential components of gastric juices. Therefore, gastrin plays a crucial role in regulating the digestive process by signaling the stomach to produce gastric juices.Rate this question:
- 37.
What is the name of the ligament that are in the flexures of the duodenum
- A.
Trietz
- B.
Teets
- C.
Treits
- D.
Treats
- E.
Treitz
Correct Answer
E. TreitzExplanation
The ligament that is present in the flexures of the duodenum is called the Treitz ligament.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What is the name of the the sphinter that prevents the duodenum from having a reflux into the stomach
Correct Answer
pylorusExplanation
The correct answer is pylorus. The pylorus is a muscular valve located at the lower end of the stomach that controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach into the small intestine. It acts as a sphincter to prevent the backflow or reflux of stomach contents into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.Rate this question:
- 39.
What is the semifluid the exist in the stomach that is composed of processed foods.
Correct Answer
chymeExplanation
Chyme is the semifluid substance that exists in the stomach and is composed of processed foods. It is the result of the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food in the stomach, where it is mixed with stomach acid and digestive enzymes. Chyme is then gradually released into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients.Rate this question:
- 40.
What is the smallest part of the SI?
Correct Answer
duodenum - 41.
What organ is located in the middle of adominal area and is 20 ft long?
- A.
SI
- B.
Small intestine
- C.
Duodenum
- D.
Jejunum
- E.
Ileus
Correct Answer(s)
A. SI
B. Small intestineExplanation
the others are part of the small intestinal organ they are not organs individuallyRate this question:
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- 42.
What system are the alpha and beta cells from?
Correct Answer(s)
endocrine
endocrine systemExplanation
The alpha and beta cells are from the endocrine system. The endocrine system is responsible for producing and releasing hormones into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. The alpha cells produce the hormone glucagon, which raises blood sugar levels, while the beta cells produce insulin, which lowers blood sugar levels. Both of these cells are part of the endocrine system, which controls the body's hormone production and regulation.Rate this question:
- 43.
Where is the duodenum located
- A.
RUQ
- B.
URQ
- C.
LUQ
- D.
LLQ
- E.
ULQ
Correct Answer(s)
A. RUQ
C. LUQExplanation
The correct answer is RUQ, LUQ. The duodenum is located in the upper abdomen, specifically in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) and left upper quadrant (LUQ). It is the first part of the small intestine and connects to the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which are the colons of the LI
- A.
Cecum
- B.
Sigmoid
- C.
Ascending
- D.
Transverse
- E.
Descending
- F.
Rectum
- G.
Appendix
- H.
Anus
Correct Answer(s)
B. Sigmoid
C. Ascending
D. Transverse
E. DescendingExplanation
The colons of the LI are sigmoid, ascending, transverse, and descending. The colon is a part of the large intestine, and it is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, forming feces. The sigmoid colon is the S-shaped portion of the colon that connects to the rectum. The ascending colon is the first part of the colon that extends upward from the cecum. The transverse colon is the middle part of the colon that runs horizontally across the abdomen. The descending colon is the part of the colon that extends downward on the left side of the abdomen.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which cup or bulb is connected to the pylorus?
Correct Answer(s)
duodenalExplanation
The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine that is connected to the stomach through the pylorus. Therefore, the cup or bulb that is connected to the pylorus would be the duodenal cup or bulb.Rate this question:
- 46.
Which is true?
- A.
Cecum appendix is located in the LRQ of the large intestine and part the colon
- B.
The LI is anterior to the SI
- C.
Cecum appendix and rectum/anus are not part of the LI
- D.
Taenia coli muscle band is out side of the large intestine
Correct Answer(s)
B. The LI is anterior to the SI
D. Taenia coli muscle band is out side of the large intestineExplanation
The answer is true because the large intestine (LI) is indeed anterior to the small intestine (SI). The Taenia coli muscle band is also located outside of the large intestine.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which of the following is true about the jejunum
- A.
8inches in length
- B.
Feathery apperance on an x ray
- C.
20 cm in lenth
- D.
Part of the large intestine
- E.
Part of the small intestine
Correct Answer(s)
B. Feathery apperance on an x ray
C. 20 cm in lenth
E. Part of the small intestineExplanation
The jejunum is a part of the small intestine, not the large intestine. It is approximately 20 cm in length and has a feathery appearance on an x-ray.Rate this question:
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Oct 12, 2011Quiz Created by
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