Digestive And Respiratory Quiz
The digestive and respiratory system of the human body is complex and its functionality is of outmost importance. Just how much do you understand the system, its functions, organs and signs of failure in operation? Take up the quiz below and get to find out. All the best and keep revising!
- 1.Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through
- A.
Glomerulus
- B.
Proximal convoluted tubule
- C.
Distal convoluted tubule
- D.
Collecting duct
- E.
Nephron loop
- 2.Normal urine from a heathly person can be expected to contain all of the following except
- A.
Creatine
- B.
Urobilin
- C.
Glucose
- D.
Ammonia
- E.
Magnesium
- 3.Which two substances are most useful for determining a patient's glomerular filtration rate?
- A.
Insulin and glucose
- B.
Inulin and creatinine
- C.
Sodium and water
- D.
Albumin and inulin
- E.
Insulin and urea
- 4.Aldosteron acts on
- A.
The proximal convoluted tubule
- B.
The medullary portion of the collecting duct
- C.
The descending limb of the nephron loop
- D.
The distal convoluted tubule
- E.
The glomerulus
- 5.Proteins are digested by different enzymes acting in the following sequence
- A.
Pepsin, trypsin, caboxypeptidase, dipeptidase
- B.
Pepsin, trypsin, dipeptidase, carboxypeptidase
- C.
Trypsin, pepsin, carbozypeptidase, dipeptidase
- 6.Prior to chemical tests for glycosuria, clinicians checkd for sweetnes of the urine as a sign of
- A.
Diabetes insipidus
- B.
Acute glomerulonephritis
- C.
Diabetes mellitus
- 7.Human urine can have as much as _______ times the osmolarity of the blood plasma, which is hwy it is called hypertonic.
- A.
1.5
- B.
2.6
- C.
4.0
- 8.________ break(s) down _________.
- A.
Lactase; glucose
- B.
Peptidases; proteins
- C.
Nucleases; nucleotides
- 9.The _________ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing __________.
- A.
Liver; cholesterol
- B.
Duodenum; neutral fats
- C.
Illeum; bilirubin
- 10.The organ that stores excess glucose and releases it later into the blood is
- A.
The pancreas.
- B.
The stomach.
- C.
The liver.
- 11.Renin hydrolyzes angiotensinogen released from the __________ to form angiotensin I.
- A.
Lungs
- B.
Kidneys
- C.
Liver
- 12.The __________ regulates diestive tract motility, secretion, and blood flow and its neruons are found in the _________.
- A.
Autonomic nervous system; serosa
- B.
Central nervous system; muscalaris externa and muscularis mucosae
- C.
Enteric nervous system; submucosa and muscularis externa
- 13.Which of these form the inner layer of the glomerular capsule and wrap around the capillaries of the glomerulus?
- A.
Podocytes
- B.
Macula densa cells
- C.
Mesangial cells
- 14.Which of the following is a direct result of antidiuretic hormones?
- A.
Decreased urine volume
- B.
Decreased urine molarity
- C.
Increased urine volume
- 15.Osmosis from one fluid compartment to another is determined by
- A.
The temperature difference between compartments
- B.
The relative concentration of solutes in each compartment
- C.
The realtive volume in each compartment
- D.
The relative size of each compartment
- 16.________ transport lipids to the surface of the intestinal absorptive cells, which process them into ______________.
- A.
Fat droplets; micelles
- B.
Fat droplets; chylomicrons
- C.
Micelles; fat globules
- D.
Micelles; chylomicrons
- E.
Fat globules; micelles
- 17.The mechanism of stabilizing the GFR based on the tendency of smooth muscle to contract when stretched is known as what?
- A.
Renal autoregulation
- B.
The myogenic mechanism
- C.
Tubuloglomerular feedback
- 18.Because of the great deal of active transport that occurs here, the __________ of all the nephrons collectively account for about 6% of one's daily resting ATP and caloric consumption
- A.
Proximal convoluted tubules
- B.
Distal convoluted tubules
- C.
Loops of henle
- D.
Collecting ducts
- 19.These are normally found in saliva EXCEPT
- A.
Muscus.
- B.
Lysozyme.
- C.
Amylase.
- D.
Lipase.
- E.
Protease.
- 20.In a health kidney, very little ____ is passed through the glomerus.
- A.
Amino acids
- B.
Protein
- C.
Glucose
- D.
Electrolytes
- 21.Total saturation of protein transportes for a given solute in the renal tubules would result in
- A.
Reabsoption of all the solute
- B.
A renal clearance of zero
- C.
A net filtration pressure of 1.0.
- D.
Apperance of that solute in the urine.
- E.
Absense of that solute from the urine.
- 22.What is the term for the pigment responsible for the color of urine?
- A.
Monochrome
- B.
Urochrome
- C.
Cyanochrome
- D.
Multichrome
- E.
Pyuria
- 23.Hypocalcemis stimulates
- A.
A decrease in aldosterone production.
- B.
Secretion of parathyoid horomone
- C.
Secretion of renin
- D.
An increase in blood urea nitrogen
- E.
Vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles
- 24.THe countercurrent multiplier recaptures _____ and is based on fluid flowing in _____ direction in two adjacent tubules.
- A.
Potassium; the same
- B.
Calcium; the opposite
- C.
Calcium; the same
- D.
Sodium; the opposite
- E.
Sodium; the same
- 25.Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by
- A.
The renal corpuscle
- B.
The proximal convoluted tubule
- C.
The distal convoluted tubule
- D.
The glomerurlar capillaries
- E.
The collecting duct
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