Practice Quiz 3: Humanities 1

Islam is considered a monotheistic religion because it believes in the existence of only one God, known as Allah. This is one of the fundamental principles of Islam, as outlined in the Quran, the holy book of Islam. Additionally, Islam is also considered a historic religion as it has a long and rich history that spans over 1400 years since its inception in the 7th century. It has had a significant impact on various civilizations and continues to be practiced by millions of people around the world today.

Rumspringa is a period of time in which Amish teenagers are allowed to experience the outside world and make their own choices before deciding whether to commit to the Amish way of life. This tradition reflects the cultural tension between the traditional Amish religious beliefs and the influence of the consumer society. During Rumspringa, teens are exposed to modern technology, fashion, and other aspects of mainstream society, which can create conflicts with their traditional values. Therefore, the statement that Rumspringa highlights the cultural tension between traditional religion and consumer society is true.

Throughput refers to the rate at which a system or process can produce or handle a certain amount of work or goods. In the context of the growth of Fast Food within the U.S., increasing the speed and volume of the flow of food items would mean that the fast food restaurants are able to serve more customers in a shorter amount of time. This can be achieved by implementing efficient processes, using technology to speed up food preparation, and optimizing the overall flow of operations. By doing so, fast food chains can increase their capacity to handle more orders and serve more customers, leading to growth in their business.

The statement is true because religion involves various symbolic acts and practices that connect individuals to the fundamental aspects of their existence. These acts and practices can include rituals, prayers, and ceremonies, which are performed to establish a connection with a higher power or to seek guidance in understanding life's purpose. Religion provides a framework for individuals to explore and make sense of their existence and the world around them.

Sects are indeed religious communities that begin by protesting certain beliefs and practices of a church. They often emerge as a result of disagreements or dissatisfaction with the established religious institution, leading to the formation of a separate group with distinct beliefs and practices. This process of protest and separation is commonly observed in the history of various religions, demonstrating the accuracy of the statement.

What ritual does the above image represent?

Choreometrics is indeed the measurement of dance steps, and it was a field that was initiated by Alan Lomax. It involves analyzing and categorizing dance movements and patterns in order to understand the cultural significance and meaning behind them. Lomax, a prominent folklorist and ethnomusicologist, conducted extensive research on traditional music and dance forms around the world, and his work laid the foundation for the field of choreometrics. Therefore, the given statement is true.

The correct answer is "traditional dancing among the Acholi tribe." The question asks for the group dance that most resembles the circular sacred dance ritual created by the Shakers. Among the given options, the traditional dancing among the Acholi tribe is the most similar, as it involves a group of people dancing in a circular formation, similar to the Shakers' ritual. Voguing among black gay men, krumping among Los Angeles teens, and tango among Argentinians are not directly related to the circular sacred dance ritual of the Shakers.

An example of an underground ritual where individuals largely gather in secret to participate in a meaningful activity outside the norms of dominant culture is a sorority initiation. Sorority initiations are often held in secret and involve a series of rituals and traditions that are exclusive to the members of the sorority. These initiations are meant to create a bond among the members and are usually kept hidden from the public eye.

The statement correctly states that dancing is a transient mode of expression that allows bodies to travel through space. Dancing involves movement and choreography, where dancers use their bodies to communicate and express emotions or ideas. Through various dance techniques and styles, dancers navigate and explore the space around them, creating visually captivating performances. Therefore, the statement is true.

The given statement is false because foodways is not about making, preparing, packaging, and distributing toys among groups. Foodways actually refers to the cultural, social, and economic practices related to food, including the production, consumption, and distribution of food within a particular society or group. It encompasses the traditions, customs, and rituals surrounding food, as well as the ways in which food is grown, harvested, prepared, and shared.

Black Friday is an example of consumerism because it is a day when retailers offer significant discounts and promotions to encourage people to buy products. It is characterized by large crowds of shoppers rushing to stores to take advantage of the deals and is often associated with excessive spending and materialism.

Judaism can be considered a historic religion because it has a long history that dates back thousands of years. It is based on the experiences of the Jewish people with the divine, which they believe to be transcendent, meaning beyond the physical world. These experiences are documented in the Hebrew Bible and other sacred texts, making Judaism a religion rooted in historical events and beliefs. Therefore, the statement that Judaism is a historic religion based on experiencing the divine in a transcendent manner is true.

The cultivation of sugar is historically tied to the practice of slavery. During the colonial era, sugar plantations required a large labor force, and enslaved Africans were brought to work on these plantations. Slavery provided the cheap and forced labor needed for the profitable production of sugar. This practice had a significant impact on the transatlantic slave trade and the lives of millions of enslaved individuals.

Funerals, graduation ceremonies, and getting your driver's license can be considered rites of passage because they mark significant transitions or milestones in a person's life. Funerals symbolize the end of a person's life and serve as a way for the community to mourn and say goodbye. Graduation ceremonies signify the completion of a level of education and the transition into the next phase of life. Getting a driver's license represents a new level of independence and responsibility. These activities often involve rituals or traditions that symbolize the individual's growth and transformation.

The statement is true because the cakewalk did indeed evolve from a dance that parodied whites to minstrel shows where black identity was exaggerated and stereotyped. The cakewalk originated as a dance performed by enslaved African Americans on plantations, but it later became popularized in minstrel shows where white performers would imitate and mock black culture. These shows often exaggerated and perpetuated stereotypes about black people. Therefore, the given statement is true.

The correct answer is O-Zone. The Numa Numa Dance is a viral video where Gary Brolsma lipsyncs to the song "Dragostea Din Tei" by O-Zone. O-Zone is a Moldovan boy band that gained international popularity with this song.

A paradigm shift is the process by which new ideas change the worldview of a particular community. This means that when new ideas are introduced, they have the power to fundamentally alter the way a community or group of people perceive and understand the world around them. It involves a significant change in thinking, beliefs, and perspectives, often resulting in a transformation of how things are done or understood within that community. This process can have far-reaching effects and can lead to advancements and progress in various fields.

What rite of passage does the above image represent?

Poi is a traditional Hawaiian food that is made by crushing taro plants. Taro is a starchy root vegetable that is commonly used in Hawaiian cuisine. It is mashed and mixed with water to create a smooth and thick paste-like consistency. Poi is a staple in the Hawaiian diet and is often served alongside other dishes.

The explanation for the given answer, FALSE, is that the origin of the word "religion" does not mean "the word of God." The word "religion" actually comes from the Latin word "religio," which means "to bind" or "to connect." It refers to the belief system, practices, and rituals that bind individuals or communities together in their spiritual or moral convictions. Therefore, the statement that the origin of the word "religion" means "the word of God" is incorrect.

The Great Chain of Being is a metaphor or system of knowledge that has dominated religious or wisdom traditions. It represents the hierarchical structure of the universe, with God at the top and different levels or "links" of beings below, ranging from angels and humans to animals and plants. This concept emphasizes the interconnectedness and orderliness of all creation, with each being having its own place and purpose in the cosmic hierarchy. It has been influential in shaping religious and philosophical beliefs, particularly in Western traditions.

Puritanism can be considered an example of a sect because it is a religious group that emerged as a result of a split from the Church of England. Sects typically have their own distinct beliefs and practices that differentiate them from mainstream religious institutions. Puritanism, with its emphasis on strict moral codes and the pursuit of personal religious experience, fits this definition of a sect. While it is also a type of church and can be seen as a cultural movement, the term "sect" best captures the specific religious nature of Puritanism.

A sustainable community is one that is dedicated to ensuring the long-term well-being of its environment, society, and economy. This means that the community takes into consideration the impact of its actions on the environment, strives for social equity and inclusivity, and promotes economic growth and stability that is not detrimental to the other two aspects. This holistic approach recognizes the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic factors and aims to create a balanced and thriving community for both present and future generations.

In the movie Evita, Madonna performs a well-known tango move called "ocho," which translates to "eight" in English. This move involves a figure-eight walk, where the dancer moves their feet in a pattern resembling the number eight. The word "ocho" is the most suitable answer as it accurately describes the tango move performed by Madonna in the movie.

Hinduism is considered a polytheistic religion because it recognizes and worships multiple deities. The Hindu pantheon consists of various gods and goddesses, each representing different aspects of life and the universe. These deities are revered and worshipped by Hindus through rituals, prayers, and offerings. The belief in multiple gods is a fundamental aspect of Hinduism and is one of the distinguishing characteristics of the religion.

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The growth of Fast Food was critically important due to the implementation of assembly lines and freeways. Assembly lines allowed for efficient and standardized production of food, enabling fast food restaurants to serve large quantities of meals quickly. Freeways provided a convenient and accessible transportation network, allowing customers to easily access fast food restaurants. These two inventions and technologies played a significant role in the expansion and success of the fast food industry.

Durkheim, a sociologist, focused on the study of social facts and collective consciousness. He did not specifically discuss brushing teeth as a sacred event. Therefore, the statement that brushing teeth can be considered a sacred event according to Durkheim is not supported and is false.

Dance being used to generate a feeling of national pride on a large scale, such as in the Opening Ceremonies during the Olympics, primarily follows the function of an expression of social order. This is because it serves to showcase the unity, harmony, and collective identity of a nation, reinforcing the social structure and values of the society as a whole.

In Cannibal Tours, tourists use the phrase "second price" to negotiate a lower value for an art piece. This phrase implies that the tourists are willing to pay less than the initial asking price and are suggesting a counteroffer. By using the term "second price," they are indicating their intention to negotiate and reach a mutually agreeable lower price for the art piece.

Oil drums were recycled into a Steel Pan. The Steel Pan is a percussive instrument that originated in Trinidad and Tobago. It is made by repurposing and recycling oil drums, which are transformed into the various sections and notes of the instrument. This process involves cutting, shaping, and tuning the metal to create the distinct sound of the Steel Pan. Therefore, out of the given options, only oil drums were recycled into a Steel Pan.

Claude Levi-Strauss believed that food is culturally transformed through the process of cooking it. Cooking involves various techniques and methods that not only change the physical properties of the ingredients but also create flavors, textures, and aromas that are specific to a particular culture. It is through cooking that raw ingredients are transformed into a culturally significant and meaningful dish, reflecting the values, traditions, and beliefs of a society. Therefore, cooking plays a crucial role in the cultural transformation of food.

A numinous experience refers to a profound encounter with something greater than oneself, often described as a tremendous mystery in the face of the Other. It involves a sense of awe, wonder, and reverence towards the unknown or divine. This experience goes beyond common sense and involves encountering something that is utterly strange and beyond our usual understanding. Therefore, the correct answer is "tremendous mystery in the face of the Other."

Tourism can be considered a modern-day form of colonization because it involves the movement of people from one place to another, often with the intention of exploring and establishing a temporary presence in a new location. Similar to colonization, tourism can have economic, social, and cultural impacts on the destination, including the potential for exploitation, displacement of local populations, and the imposition of foreign values and norms. Both colonization and tourism involve a power dynamic between the visitors and the visited, with the visitors often having more resources and influence.

In some cultures, the transition from boyhood to manhood involves symbolic rituals or practices. One such practice for Fulbe boys in northern Cameroon is to eat rotten meat. This practice may serve as a test of endurance and bravery, as well as a way to prove their maturity and ability to handle unpleasant or challenging situations. By engaging in this practice, the boys demonstrate their readiness to take on the responsibilities and expectations of manhood within their community.

In the documentary "Cannibal Tours," the Iatmul people believed that tourists represented the spirit of the crocodile. This could be because the crocodile is a powerful and respected animal in their culture, known for its stealth and ability to adapt to different environments. The Iatmul may have seen similarities between the behavior of tourists and the characteristics of the crocodile, such as their curiosity, ability to blend in, and their potential to be dangerous if provoked.

In the film Cannibal Tours, O'Rourke suggests that tourists act more "primitive" and "cannibalistic" through their purchase of artistic objects. The film explores the phenomenon of tourists visiting indigenous communities and engaging in a form of cultural consumption that commodifies the native people and their art. O'Rourke critiques the tourists' behavior, arguing that their desire to possess these objects as souvenirs perpetuates a colonial mindset and reduces the native culture to a mere commodity. By framing the tourists as the ones who act in a "primitive" and exploitative manner, the film challenges the notion of cultural superiority and raises questions about the ethics of tourism.

Claude Levi-Strauss did not argue that foods are largely selected for their nutritional value. He was a French anthropologist and philosopher known for his work in structural anthropology. Levi-Strauss focused on the cultural and symbolic aspects of food, arguing that food choices are influenced by social, cultural, and psychological factors rather than solely based on nutritional value.

Tampopo is a film that parodies the elaborate ritual of eating in Japanese culture. The film explores the cultural significance of food in Japan, highlighting the meticulous preparation, presentation, and consumption of meals. It satirizes the traditional customs and etiquette associated with eating, while also celebrating the joy and passion that Japanese people have for food. Through its humorous and exaggerated portrayal of dining rituals, Tampopo offers a commentary on the cultural values and traditions surrounding food in Japan.

The statement that Scientology has over one billion believers or adherents is false. While it is true that Tom Cruise and John Travolta are known to be followers of Scientology, the claim of having over one billion believers is an exaggeration. The actual number of Scientologists worldwide is estimated to be much smaller.

The De Young Museum was recently involved in a controversy where art-objects from Papua New Guinea were given away, but may have to be returned to other family members.

The Ten Commandments and the Five Pillars of Islam are sets of rules and guidelines that govern the behavior and actions of individuals within their respective religions. These rules have a legal and ethical dimension as they outline what is considered right and wrong, and provide a framework for moral conduct and social order. Therefore, the correct answer is "legal or ethical".

John Friede was recently involved in a controversy where art-objects from Papua New Guinea were given away but may have to be returned to other family members.

Immanence refers to the concept of the divine being present and inherent in all aspects of the world and reality. It suggests that the divine is not separate or distant from the world, but rather permeates and is present in everything. This understanding emphasizes the idea that the divine is not only transcendent, but also immanent, and can be experienced and recognized in everyday life.

Martha Graham is the correct answer because she played a significant role in generating popular interest in modern dance. Graham is considered a pioneer of modern dance and her innovative choreography and expressive movements revolutionized the art form. She founded the Martha Graham Dance Company and her performances were known for their emotional intensity and dramatic storytelling. Graham's contributions to modern dance not only captivated audiences but also inspired future generations of dancers and choreographers.

Victor Turner's concept of "liminality" aligns closely with the "transition" stage in Arthur van Gennep's model of "rites of passage." Liminality refers to the in-between state where individuals are no longer in their previous status but have not yet reached their new status. This phase is characterized by ambiguity, uncertainty, and a sense of being betwixt and between. Similarly, the transition stage in van Gennep's model represents the period of change and ambiguity as individuals move from one social status to another. Therefore, the concept of "liminality" in Turner's work most closely resembles the "transition" stage in van Gennep's model.

During the 1970s and 1980s, voguing emerged as a dance style that emphasized model poses and was popularized by black gay men in New York. This dance form allowed individuals to express pride and confidence in their identity. Voguing also incorporated elements from the historical time period, adopting styles and influences from the 1970s and 1980s.

The Great Chain of Being refers to a widespread cultural belief system that encompasses all of the given options. It is a hierarchical structure that suggests that reality is made up of interacting units, including matter, body, mind, soul, and spirit. Each level in this chain is believed to transcend its junior level, creating a sense of order and hierarchy in the universe. This belief system was prevalent in various cultures and influenced their understanding of the world and their place in it.

Arthur van Gennep did not view world religions or notions of the sacred as absolute entities. Instead, he proposed the concept of "rites of passage" which suggests that religions and sacred beliefs are dynamic and subject to change over time. This contradicts the idea of them being absolute entities.