Year 8 Fabulous Humanities Quiz

The statement is false because the inner core of the Earth is not made of steel. Instead, it is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel. The inner core is the solid, densest part of the Earth's core, while the outer core is a liquid layer. Steel is a man-made alloy of iron and carbon and is not naturally found in the Earth's inner core.

The eruption of Mount Eyjafjallajokull in Iceland did indeed cause major disruption to European air travel. This volcanic eruption, which occurred in 2010, resulted in the release of a large ash cloud into the atmosphere. This ash cloud posed a significant risk to aircraft engines, leading to the closure of airspace and the cancellation of thousands of flights across Europe. The disruption lasted for several days and had a significant impact on the travel industry, causing financial losses and inconvenience for many travelers.

The statement is true because a plate boundary is indeed the place where two tectonic plates come together. These boundaries can take different forms, such as convergent boundaries where plates collide, divergent boundaries where plates move apart, or transform boundaries where plates slide past each other. At these boundaries, various geological processes occur, such as the creation of mountains, earthquakes, and the formation of new crust. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the nature of plate boundaries.

The Earth's crust is divided into two main types: oceanic crust and continental crust. Oceanic crust is found beneath the ocean basins and is composed mainly of basaltic rock. It is thinner, denser, and younger than continental crust. Continental crust, on the other hand, is the crust that forms the continents and is composed mainly of granitic rock. It is thicker, less dense, and older than oceanic crust. Therefore, the correct answer is oceanic / continental.

James I of England was indeed also James VI of Scotland. He was the son of Mary, Queen of Scots, and became the King of Scotland in 1567 after the abdication of his mother. In 1603, upon the death of Queen Elizabeth I of England, James inherited the English throne and became James I of England. This union of the two crowns led to the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. Therefore, it is true that James I of England was also James VI of Scotland.

Henry VIII closed down the monasteries primarily to steal their money. This is supported by historical evidence as Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries in the 1530s and confiscated their wealth, land, and possessions. The dissolution of the monasteries was a way for Henry VIII to increase his own wealth and power by taking control of the valuable resources held by the monasteries. Additionally, Henry VIII was in need of funds to finance his military campaigns and lavish lifestyle, making the monetary gain a significant motivation for closing down the monasteries.

A subduction zone is an area where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another plate, resulting in the melting of the oceanic crust due to heat and friction. This process occurs at convergent plate boundaries, where two plates collide. The oceanic crust is denser than the continental crust, so it sinks beneath it, causing the melting and recycling of the crust. This is an important process in the formation of volcanic arcs and the recycling of Earth's crust.

The Monserrat eruption was caused by a destructive plate boundary. This means that two tectonic plates were colliding or sliding past each other, causing intense volcanic activity. In the case of Monserrat, the eruption was triggered by the collision between the North American and Caribbean plates. This collision led to the formation of a subduction zone, where one plate was forced beneath the other, resulting in the eruption of the Soufrière Hills volcano. The destructive plate boundary created the conditions necessary for the eruption to occur.

Convection currents are the correct answer because they are the currents in the mantle that move the plates. Convection is the process of heat transfer through the movement of hot material rising and cool material sinking. In the mantle, the heat from the core causes the rock to become less dense and rise, while the cooler rock sinks. This movement of material creates convection currents that drive the motion of tectonic plates. Conduction currents and radiation raisens are not relevant or accurate explanations for the movement of plates in the mantle.

A pyroclastic flow is a cloud of superheated ash and lava traveling at 200km per hour. This phenomenon occurs during volcanic eruptions when a mixture of hot gases, ash, and volcanic debris rapidly moves down the slopes of a volcano. Pyroclastic flows are extremely dangerous and can cause significant destruction and loss of life due to their high temperatures and speed. They can incinerate everything in their path and bury entire towns under layers of ash and debris.

In the immediate aftermath of a natural disaster like an earthquake, the first response is typically to send doctors, rescue teams, and firemen to the affected area. This is because their expertise and resources are crucial in providing immediate medical aid, rescuing survivors, and extinguishing fires. This short-term response aims to address the immediate needs of the affected population, such as medical attention and search and rescue operations, before long-term measures like constructing earthquake-proof houses or formulating plans can be implemented.

Mary I, also known as Mary Tudor or "Bloody Mary," was indeed married to Philip of Spain. The marriage took place in 1554 and was politically motivated, as it aimed to strengthen the Catholic alliance between England and Spain. However, the marriage was highly unpopular among the English people, as Philip was seen as a foreigner and a threat to English sovereignty.

Henry VIII died believing he was a good Catholic because even though he had broken away from the authority of the Pope and established the Church of England, he still considered himself a devout Catholic. He maintained many Catholic beliefs and practices and saw himself as the defender of the Catholic faith against Protestantism. He continued to receive the sacraments and upheld Catholic traditions throughout his life, including the veneration of saints and the use of Latin in religious services. Therefore, it can be concluded that Henry VIII died believing he was a good Catholic.

He was trying to blow up Parliament despite Robert Cecil probably framing the plotters

Anne Boleyn was the second wife of Henry VIII and the mother of Elizabeth I. She was married to Henry VIII from 1533 until 1536 when she was executed. Elizabeth I was born in 1533, making Anne Boleyn her mother.

The given statement is false. Oceanic crust is actually made of basalt, which is a dense and heavy rock. Granite, on the other hand, is found in continental crust. The density and composition of oceanic crust contribute to its ability to sink beneath continental crust in a process called subduction.

The Pope gave Henry VIII the title "Defender of the Faith" for his book attacking the protestant faith. This title was given to Henry VIII in recognition of his staunch defense of Catholicism against the Protestant Reformation. It was a symbolic gesture to show support and appreciation for Henry's efforts to uphold the Catholic Church and its teachings.

At a constructive plate boundary, new land is created. This occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other, allowing magma from the mantle to rise up and fill the gap. As the magma cools and solidifies, it forms new crust, leading to the creation of new land. This process is known as seafloor spreading and is responsible for the formation of features such as mid-oceanic ridges and volcanic islands. Therefore, the statement "At a constructive plate boundary new land is created" is true.

During the English Civil Wars, muskets and pikes were commonly used as weapons. Muskets were firearms that used gunpowder to propel a projectile, while pikes were long spears used for close combat. These weapons were favored by both sides of the conflict and played a significant role in the battles fought during the English Civil Wars. Cannons and spears were also used during this time, but they were not as closely associated with the conflict as muskets and pikes. Swords and crossbows were not as commonly used during this period.

The correct answer is that the quality of buildings were poor and a lot collapsed. This suggests that the high number of casualties in the 2005 Kashmiri earthquake can be attributed to the fact that the buildings in the area were not constructed to withstand such a seismic event. As a result, many buildings collapsed, leading to a large number of casualties. The other options, such as the area being densely populated or it being a national holiday, may have contributed to the extent of the disaster but are not the primary reason for the high number of casualties.

During his later years, Henry VIII did indeed gain a significant amount of weight, which led to mobility issues. It is documented that he required assistance to mount his horse and a wooden crane was used for this purpose. This was necessary due to his obesity, which made it difficult for him to mount the horse unaided. Therefore, the statement "Henry the VIII was so fat that he had to be lifted by a wooden crane onto his horse" is true.

Charles I's poor conduct caused the English Civil Wars. During his reign, he imposed unpopular policies, such as raising taxes without consent from Parliament, and attempted to impose religious reforms that were met with resistance. His disregard for the rights and privileges of Parliament led to a breakdown in trust and ultimately led to armed conflict between the Royalists and Parliamentarians. Charles I's poor leadership and inability to compromise ultimately resulted in his own execution and the establishment of a republic in England.

Pyroclastic flow is the correct answer because it is the most dangerous and deadly volcanic hazard. It is a fast-moving mixture of hot gas, ash, and volcanic debris that flows down the slopes of a volcano at high speeds, reaching temperatures of up to 1,000 degrees Celsius. Pyroclastic flows can travel at speeds of over 100 km/h and can cause widespread destruction, including the incineration of everything in their path. They are responsible for the majority of casualties during volcanic eruptions, making them the most significant threat to human life in volcanic areas.

Sir Francis Drake and Lord Howard were the leaders of the English fleet that defeated the Armada. They played critical roles in organizing and commanding the fleet during the naval battle against the Spanish Armada in 1588. Sir Francis Drake, known for his naval expertise and daring tactics, served as Vice Admiral of the fleet. Lord Howard of Effingham, the Lord High Admiral of England, was the overall commander of the fleet. Together, their leadership and strategic decisions contributed to the English victory and the subsequent decline of Spanish naval power.

They were kept aboard their ships and refused pay, many died of disease. Howard and Drake tried to pay the wages out of their own pockets.

Sailors aboard a ship feared fireships the most. Fireships were vessels that were intentionally set on fire and sent towards enemy ships to cause destruction. These ships were filled with combustible materials and were a major threat to the safety of sailors. The fear of fireships stemmed from the fact that they could quickly spread and engulf the entire ship, leading to a catastrophic loss of life and property. Sailors had to constantly be on high alert and take precautions to avoid being targeted by fireships.

The main reason why the Spanish Armada was defeated was the weather. The Spanish fleet encountered severe storms and strong winds, which caused significant damage to their ships. This disrupted their formation and communication, making them vulnerable to attacks from the English navy. The adverse weather conditions also prevented the Spanish from reaching their intended landing sites in England, forcing them to retreat. Thus, the weather played a crucial role in the defeat of the Spanish Armada.

He was inexperienced, suffered terrible seasickness and did not want to go. He was chosen because he was rich and well-born.

Earthquakes are not measured using the Magnitude Scale. Instead, they are measured using the Richter scale or the moment magnitude scale. The Magnitude Scale does not exist and is not used in the scientific community to measure the intensity or magnitude of earthquakes.

The point underground from which the plates get stuck, strain energy builds, and seismic waves radiate from is called the focus. The focus is the actual location where an earthquake originates deep within the Earth's crust. It is the point where the energy is released and seismic waves are generated. The epicenter, on the other hand, is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus. The start point is not a term commonly used in seismology.