Marine Ecosystem Short Quiz

Explanation
The correct answer includes the options Mangrove, Coral reefs, and Lake. These three options are considered aquatic resources because they are directly related to water bodies. Mangroves are coastal trees or shrubs that grow in saline or brackish water, providing habitats for various marine species. Coral reefs are underwater ecosystems formed by colonies of coral polyps, supporting a diverse range of marine life. Lakes are large bodies of water surrounded by land, providing habitats for aquatic plants and animals.

Explanation
97.5% of the Earth's water is salty because the majority of the water on Earth is found in the oceans, which contain high concentrations of salt. This salt comes from various sources such as rivers carrying dissolved minerals and salts from the land into the ocean. Additionally, processes like volcanic activity and underwater hydrothermal vents also contribute to the salt content in the oceans. Freshwater, on the other hand, makes up only a small percentage of the Earth's water, found in sources such as lakes, rivers, and groundwater.

Explanation
Coral reefs are primarily found in warm oceans because they require specific environmental conditions to thrive. These conditions include warm water temperatures between 20 to 30 degrees Celsius, as well as clear and shallow waters that allow sunlight to reach the coral. Warm oceans provide these necessary conditions for the growth and development of coral reefs, making them the ideal habitat for these diverse and vibrant ecosystems. In contrast, cold oceans generally do not meet the temperature requirements for coral reef formation and are therefore less suitable for their existence.

Explanation
Coral reefs are a marine ecosystem formed by colonies of coral polyps that secrete a hard exoskeleton made of calcium carbonate. These invertebrate animals are known for their vibrant colors and diverse species. Coral reefs provide important habitats for a wide range of marine life, including fish, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. They also play a crucial role in protecting coastlines from erosion and providing food and livelihoods for millions of people around the world. Therefore, coral reefs are the correct answer in this context.

Explanation
Coral reefs are valuable for various reasons, including as a marine food resource, as coastal protection from waves, and as a source of medicine for cancer. However, they are not considered as a direct supplier of oxygen. While coral reefs do produce oxygen through photosynthesis, the amount they contribute to the overall oxygen supply is relatively small compared to other sources such as phytoplankton in the ocean and plants on land.

Explanation
An atoll reef is a series of coral islands that form a circular shape surrounding a central lagoon. These coral islands are often low-lying and located on the rim of an underwater volcano or seamount. Over time, as the volcano subsides and erodes, the coral reefs continue to grow and form a ring-shaped structure. The central lagoon is usually shallow and may be connected to the open ocean through channels or passages. Atoll reefs are commonly found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and are home to diverse marine ecosystems.

Explanation
Barrier reefs are formed when a coral reef grows parallel to the coastline but is separated from the mainland by a deep channel or lagoon. These reefs act as a barrier between the open ocean and the coastline, protecting the coast from the full force of waves and providing a habitat for diverse marine life. Atoll reefs, on the other hand, are circular or horseshoe-shaped reefs that surround a lagoon, while fringing reefs directly border the coastline. Therefore, the correct answer is barrier reefs.

Explanation
Mangrove forests are a group of trees that thrive along the coast. These unique forests are characterized by their ability to grow in saline or brackish water, making them well-adapted to coastal environments. The trees in mangrove forests have specialized aerial roots that help them to anchor in the muddy soil and obtain oxygen in waterlogged conditions. They provide important ecological services, such as protecting coastlines from erosion, providing habitats for various marine species, and serving as a nursery for fish and other aquatic organisms.

Explanation
Mangrove forests provide numerous benefits, such as serving as a habitat for marine animals, protecting against sea water abrasion, and acting as a food source for marine animals. However, they do not play a direct role in preventing landslides. Therefore, "As landslide prevention" is not a benefit of mangrove forests.

Explanation
Indonesia has a great number of sustainable potential fishery, particularly for Tuna Fish. Tuna is a highly valued and sought-after fish species, both in domestic and international markets. Indonesia's vast coastline and marine resources provide an ideal habitat for Tuna, making it a lucrative fishing industry for the country. Additionally, Tuna is known for its high economic value and nutritional benefits, further contributing to its significance in Indonesia's fishery sector.