Overview Of Epithelial Tissue Quiz

In multicellular exocrine glands, the secretory portions can have different shapes, including tubular, acinar, or tubuloacinar. This means that the secretory portions can either be long and tube-like, rounded and sac-like, or a combination of both. Therefore, the statement "in multicellular exocrine glands (simple\compound) the secretory portions can be either tubular, acinar or tubuloacinar" is true.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that the epithelium of the vagina is indeed stimulated by estrogen, leading to the production and accumulation of glycogen. When these cells die, bacteria in the vagina convert the glycogen into lactic acid. This process lowers the pH of the vagina. Therefore, the statement is true.

Epithelial tissue originates from all three germ layers - ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis, sweat glands, and mammary glands. The mesoderm is responsible for the formation of mesothelium and endothelium. The endoderm contributes to the development of airway epithelium, thyroid, and liver cells. Therefore, all of the given options are correct, as epithelial tissue can be derived from any of these germ layers.

The correct answer is "all of the above" because epithelial tissue can be classified based on its function and structure. Epithelial tissue can form coverings or linings in the body, which can be either simple (single layer) or stratified (multiple layers). It can also form glandular tissue, which can be further classified as exocrine (secreting substances onto a surface) or endocrine (secreting substances into the bloodstream). Additionally, certain types of epithelial tissue can be pigmented (containing pigments), spermatogenic (involved in sperm production), or sensory (involved in sensory perception). Therefore, all of these classifications are correct for epithelial tissue.

The given answer is correct because the basement membrane is indeed composed of two laminas - the reticular lamina and the basal lamina. The basal lamina further consists of two parts, the lamina lucida and the lamina densa. Therefore, the statement that the basement membrane is composed of only one lamina is false.

The statement is true because in the surface layer of the basement membrane of the transitional cells, there are specialized cells called umbrella cells. These cells are named so because they have a unique shape that resembles an umbrella when viewed under a microscope. They play a crucial role in the urinary system by providing a protective barrier against the harmful substances present in urine, preventing them from damaging the underlying tissues.

The correct answer is the first option, which includes the layers of stratified squamous keratinized epithelium basement membrane. The layers listed in this option are the correct layers found in this type of epithelium, starting with the basal layer (stratum basale) and progressing to the superficial layers (stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum). The other options do not include the correct layers or include unrelated layers, making them incorrect.

Compound glands are glands that have a duct with two or more branches along with a secretory portion. This means that the gland has multiple ducts that lead to the secretory portion, allowing for the secretion of substances from different areas. Compound glands are found throughout the body, in various organs and tissues. Therefore, the correct answer is "duct with two or more branches + secretory portion."

Intercellular junctions are specialized structures that connect epithelial cells together. Desmosomes are strong adhesive junctions that anchor cells together and provide mechanical strength. Hemidesmosomes are similar to desmosomes but connect cells to the extracellular matrix. Adherens junctions are important for cell-cell adhesion and are connected to the actin cytoskeleton. Tight junctions form a barrier between cells, preventing the passage of molecules between them. Gap junctions allow for direct communication and exchange of small molecules between cells. Therefore, the correct answer is desmosome, hemidesmosome, adherent, tight, gap.

The basement membrane has multiple functions. Firstly, it supports epithelial cells, providing them with a stable structure to attach to. Secondly, it forms a barrier between the epithelium and other tissues, preventing the migration of cells and maintaining tissue organization. Lastly, it acts as a filter, allowing only water, oxygen, and small molecules or ions to pass through, while restricting the passage of larger molecules and pathogens. Additionally, the basement membrane also plays a role in providing nourishment to the cells by facilitating the exchange of nutrients and waste products.

The properties of epithelium include having apical and basal poles and lateral surfaces, which indicates that they are polarized. The apical pole may be covered by microvilli, stereocilia, or cilia. Epithelial cells are always separated from the basement membrane and have numerous junctions with each other and with the basement membrane. Epithelial tissue is avascular, meaning it lacks blood vessels. However, it has a good regeneration capacity, allowing it to repair and replace damaged cells.

The basement membrane of stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium is composed of one layer of cuboidal/columnar cells in the basal layer, few layers of polygonal cells in the intermediate layer, and few layers of flat cells in the surface layer.

Goblet cells can be found in both the airway and intestine epithelium. They are responsible for secreting mucus, which helps to lubricate and protect the lining of these organs. Goblet cells are classified as apocrine type secretion, where the secretory product is released along with a portion of the cell itself.

The basement membrane of pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium is composed of basal/cone-shaped cells, elongated cells, columnar cells, and goblet cells. These different cell types work together to form the basement membrane, which provides support and structure to the epithelium. The basal/cone-shaped cells are located at the base of the epithelium and help anchor it to the underlying tissue. The elongated cells, columnar cells, and goblet cells make up the main body of the epithelium and are responsible for its function, including the secretion of mucus and the movement of cilia.