Pns_quiz No.04b
Theories of Urban Land Use, Spatial Planning, Urbanization and Urban Development
- 1.
Refers to the methods used by the public sector to influence the distribution of people and activities in spaces of various scales; It includes all levels of land use planning including urban planning, regional planning, environmental planning, national spatial plans, and in the international levels.
- A.
Spatial Planning
- B.
Special Planning
- C.
Spacial Planning
- D.
Family Planning
Correct Answer
A. Spatial Planning -
- 2.
Theories of Spatial Equilibrium except one:
- A.
Agricultural Land Rent (Johann Heinreich von Thunen, 1826, 1842)
- B.
Central Place Theory (Walter Christaller, 1933)
- C.
Rank-Size Rule (George Kingsley Zipf)
- D.
Range and Threshold by (Berry and Garrison)
- E.
Urban Bid-Rent Theory (William Alonso & Richard E. Muth)
- F.
Theory of Cumulative Causation (Gunnar Myrdal, 1957)
Correct Answer
F. Theory of Cumulative Causation (Gunnar Myrdal, 1957) -
- 3.
____ is a hierarchical system of ‘central places’ – the centralization or convergence of multiple ‘central places’.
- A.
City
- B.
Municipality
- C.
Province
- D.
Barangay
Correct Answer
A. City -
- 4.
____ are unique because they can only develop under those specific conditions of complementarity and balance. Big place and small place are interdependent and have a relationship of mutual interdependence with their hinterlands. They depend totally on hinterland trade.
- A.
‘Central places’
- B.
‘Spatial places’
- C.
‘General places’
- D.
‘Main places’
Correct Answer
A. ‘Central places’ -
- 5.
All are true statements regarding "Spatial Equilibrium" except one:
- A.
Cities are believed to be structured in a hierarchical system that is spatially balanced
- B.
Equilibrium – big places are balanced by smaller places; big places feed on small places and vice versa.
- C.
Centralized goods and services would be distributed evenly in a systematic pattern. Distribution is due to domination by large centers.
- D.
A state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.
Correct Answer
D. A state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced. -
- 6.
Theories of Spatial Equilibrium have problematic assumptions except one:
- A.
Space is homogenous; uniform topography and climate
- B.
Fertility of land is constant and uniform (yield per acre)
- C.
Price ‘p’ is the same for all producers of a given crop
- D.
Market is relatively isolated from other markets
- E.
Perfectly free market competition (goods completely sold for profit)
- F.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
F. None of the choices -
- 7.
Transportation costs are proportional to distance and invariant to direction; Space can be travelled equally in every direction from the market place.
- A.
"friction of distance"
- B.
"length of distance"
- C.
"cost of distance"
- D.
"markets of distance"
Correct Answer
A. "friction of distance" -
- 8.
Man as “homo economus” is said to driven only by the pursuit of profit
- A.
Economic Determinism
- B.
Profit Determinism
- C.
Goal Determinism
- D.
Economy Determinism
Correct Answer
A. Economic Determinism -
- 9.
All are considered profit-maximizers except one:
- A.
Producers
- B.
Farmers
- C.
Businessmen
- D.
Consumers
Correct Answer
D. Consumers -
- 10.
Agricultural Land Rent Introduced by Johann Heinreich von Thünen, 1826, 1842.All are true statement except one:
- A.
Land use diminishes intensely in inverse relationship with distance from the market center
- B.
Intensity of production and type of land use varies with increasing distance from the market
- C.
Land with greatest demand is the one nearest to the market because of low transport cost; It is the land with highest rent and value per acre
- D.
Concentric rings around the market center could be defined and organized according to the prevailing production techniques
- E.
Different land uses will compete with one another for land close to the center
Correct Answer
E. Different land uses will compete with one another for land close to the centerExplanation
Bid Rent Theory: Different land uses will compete with one another for land close to the centerRate this question:
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- 11.
Central Place Theory introduced by (Walter Christaller, 1933). All are true statement except one:
- A.
Towns as centers (nodes) of communities and function as central
- B.
Existence of hierarchy of service activities from “low order” services found in every center – city, town or village – to “higher order” services found only in major centers
- C.
Each service activity would have a threshold population and a market range
- D.
Settlements in a given country may be ranked in order of their size
Correct Answer
D. Settlements in a given country may be ranked in order of their sizeExplanation
Low order goods/services – groceries, bakeries, post offices
High order goods/services – large shopping arcades and mallsRate this question:
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- 12.
Minimum population or market needed to bring about the selling of particular good or service.
- A.
Threshold population
- B.
Brink population
- C.
Verge population
- D.
Maket population
Correct Answer
A. Threshold population -
- 13.
Distance which consumers are willing to travel to reach the services or acquire the goods
- A.
Market range
- B.
Market distance
- C.
Market travel
- D.
Market trip
Correct Answer
A. Market range -
- 14.
Key Principle/s of CPT except one: The larger the size of a central place,____
- A.
The greater the distance it is located from another central place of the same or larger size
- B.
The greater the number of retail and service functions or activities found in the central place (increase in high order services –greater degree of specialization)
- C.
The larger the trade area served by that central place
- D.
The fewer such places with smaller central places being large in numbers (many small villages)
- E.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
E. None of the choicesExplanation
All are key principles of Central Place Theory (CPT)Rate this question:
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- 15.
Main Assumptions of CPT except one:
- A.
Consumers visit the nearest central places that provide the function they demand but minimize the distance to be traveled
- B.
Consumers are of the same income level and same shopping behavior
- C.
Perfect competition and all sellers prefer to maximize profit
- D.
Even distribution of centralized services
- E.
All settlements are equidistant
- F.
Production of goods and services for other areas not considered; local specialization
- G.
Evenly distributed population and resources
Correct Answer
F. Production of goods and services for other areas not considered; local specializationExplanation
Weakness of CPT: Production of goods and services for other areas not considered; local specializationRate this question:
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- 16.
Weaknesses of CPT except one:
- A.
Does not consider the temporal aspect in the development of central places
- B.
Ignores variable topography
- C.
Ignores influence of manufacturing industry
- D.
Did not consider growth of industrial suburbs
- E.
Did not consider effect upon the size of towns of large in-migration and labor
- F.
Provides framework for understanding regional spatial structure
- G.
Production of goods and services for other areas not considered; local specialization
Correct Answer
F. Provides framework for understanding regional spatial structureExplanation
Usefulness of CPT: Provides framework for understanding regional spatial structureRate this question:
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- 17.
Usefulness of CPT except one:
- A.
Stresses relevance of market area to the size of a town’s population
- B.
Introduces urban hierarchy
- C.
Led to the introduction of the rank-size rule
- D.
Basis for administering urban regions and for allocating resources (for investment decisions)
- E.
Evenly distributed population and resources
- F.
Provides framework for understanding regional spatial structure
Correct Answer
E. Evenly distributed population and resourcesExplanation
Main Assumption of CPT: Evenly distributed population and resourcesRate this question:
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- 18.
*All are Central features of Rank Size Rule introduced by George Sipf (1949) except one:
- A.
Settlements in a given country may be ranked in order of their size
- B.
Population of a given urban area tends to be equal to the population of the largest city divided by the rank of the population size into which the given urban area falls
- C.
The population of settlements thus being arranged according to the series 1, ½, ¼, etc.
- D.
The 2nd rank city will have ½ the population of the 1st; The 3rd rank city will have 1/3 the population of the 2nd
- E.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
E. None of the choicesExplanation
All of the choicesRate this question:
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- 19.
*Weaknesses of of Rank Size Rule except one:
- A.
In most countries, the largest city is larger than the rule would suggest
- B.
Does not usually hold in newly settled areas
- C.
Model for future planning, in the allocation of resources and in administration
- D.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
C. Model for future planning, in the allocation of resources and in administrationExplanation
Usefulness of Rank Size Rule: Model for future planning, in the allocation of resources and in administrationRate this question:
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- 20.
*Range and Threshold Theory - Distribution of central places controlled by the concepts of “range and threshold”
- A.
Johann Heinreich von Thunen
- B.
Walter Christaller
- C.
George Kingsley Zipf
- D.
Brian Berry and William Garrison
- E.
William Alonso & Richard E. Muth)
Correct Answer
D. Brian Berry and William GarrisonExplanation
(1) Range of Good/Services extent of the good’s market area; distance by which people are willing to travel to obtain the product (2) Threshold – refers to the minimum amount of purchasing power necessary to support the supply of goods /services from a central place.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Weaknesses of Range and Threshold Theory except one:
- A.
Assumes uniform distribution of population
- B.
Consumers to patronize nearest centers from relevant centers
- C.
Static & Problem of ranking central places
- D.
Distribution due to domination of large cities
- E.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
E. None of the choicesExplanation
All of the choicesRate this question:
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- 22.
Bid Rent Theory introduced by William Alonso (1960), All statement true except one:
- A.
Rent is a charge of accessibility
- B.
Refers to how the price and demand for land changes as the distance from the center (CBD) increases
- C.
Different land uses will compete with one another for land close to the center
- D.
Land allocation dictated through competition or bidding process
- E.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
E. None of the choicesExplanation
All of the choicesRate this question:
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- 23.
Definition of an Urban Place as per NSCB Res. No.9 except one:
- A.
If a barangay has a population size of 5,000 or more, then a barangay is considered urban, or
- B.
If a barangay has at least one establishment with a minimum of 100 employees, a barangay is considered urban, or
- C.
If a barangay has 5 or more establishments with a minimum of 10 employees, and 5 or more facilities within the two-kilometer radius from the barangay hall, then a barangay is considered urban.
- D.
All barangays in the National Capital Region be automatically classified as urban;
- E.
All cities regardless of their population density and municipalities with a population density of at least 500 persons per square kilometer
Correct Answer
E. All cities regardless of their population density and municipalities with a population density of at least 500 persons per square kilometerExplanation
The answer is as per UDHARate this question:
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- 24.
While modern concept of “city” is defined by charter or Legal Act after complying with income, territorial size, population, referendum requirements._____ is determined by physico-spatial, economic, demographic and cultural characteristics.
- A.
Urban
- B.
City
- C.
Rural
- D.
Municipality
Correct Answer
A. Urban -
- 25.
Distinguishing characteristics of 'Urban' except one:
- A.
Population size (while rural has relatively small population, usually kinship based.)
- B.
Population density (while rural population is dispersed, to be near farms and fisheries)
- C.
Cultural heterogeneity (while rural culture is rather homogenous, with strong social controls)
- D.
Multiple Functions (while rural tends to be self-contained, focused on its own people & economy)
- E.
Level of Administration (while rural is concerned only of its territory while urban administers multiple jurisdictions.)
- F.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
F. None of the choicesExplanation
All of the choicesRate this question:
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- 26.
Stages of Urban Development Model: Occurs when certain settlements grow at the cost of their surrounding countryside.
- A.
Urbanization
- B.
Exurbanization
- C.
Disurbanization
- D.
Reurbanization
Correct Answer
A. Urbanization -
- 27.
Stages of Urban Development Model: Also known as Suburbanization, occurs when the urban ring (commuters' zone) grow at the expense of the urban core (physically built-up city)
- A.
Urbanization
- B.
Exurbanization
- C.
Disurbanization
- D.
Reurbanization
Correct Answer
B. Exurbanization -
- 28.
Stages of Urban Development Model: Also known as Counterurbanization , occurs when the population loss of the urban core exceeds the population gain of the ring, resulting in deconcentration.
- A.
Urbanization
- B.
Exurbanization
- C.
Disurbanization
- D.
Reurbanization
Correct Answer
C. Disurbanization -
- 29.
Types of change in Counterurbanuization: When the directions of population change in the core and ring differ
- A.
Absolute shifts
- B.
Relative shifts
- C.
Structural shifts
- D.
Population shifts
Correct Answer
A. Absolute shifts -
- 30.
Types of change in Counterurbanuization: when change occurs in the same direction but at different rates
- A.
Absolute shifts
- B.
Relative shifts
- C.
Structural shifts
- D.
Population shifts
Correct Answer
B. Relative shifts -
- 31.
Stages of Urban Development Model: Also known as Gentrification , occurs when either the rate of population loss of the core tapers off, or the core starts regaining population with the ring still losing population.
- A.
Urbanization
- B.
Exurbanization
- C.
Disurbanization
- D.
Reurbanization
Correct Answer
D. Reurbanization -
- 32.
Defined Urbanization as "Process whereby a place becomes urban, i.e., it ceases to be rural experiences a large concentration of population that is changing from rural to urban way of life"
- A.
Chadwick
- B.
Friedman
- C.
Palen
- D.
Chapin
Correct Answer
A. Chadwick -
- 33.
Defined Urbanization as "Geographic concentration of population and non-agricultural activities in urban environments of varying size and form."
- A.
Chadwick
- B.
Friedman
- C.
Palen
- D.
Chapin
Correct Answer
B. Friedman -
- 34.
Defined Urbanization as "Process by which rural areas become transformed into urban areas; Demographically, an increase in population concentration (numbers and density); movement of people to cities, other densely settled areas"
- A.
Chadwick
- B.
Friedman
- C.
Palen
- D.
Chapin
Correct Answer
C. Palen -
- 35.
All statements are true regarding Basic Functions of Urbanization except one:
- A.
Permits a wide range of specialized processing and service activities to be carried on at which scale of economies can be realized
- B.
Provides more access to a wide range of products and services to consumers and businesses
- C.
Provides physical and service requirements of international trade in least developed countries
- D.
Movement of people from rural to urban places, where they engage in primarily non-rural occupations.
Correct Answer
D. Movement of people from rural to urban places, where they engage in primarily non-rural occupations.Explanation
Phase of Urbanization: (1)Movement of people from rural to urban places, where they engage in primarily non-rural occupations. (2)Change in lifestyle that results from living in cities.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Requirements of Sustainable Urbanization except one:
- A.
Equity, social justice and human rights
- B.
Basic human needs such as jobs, food, clothing, shelter, health care and community protection
- C.
Social, ethnic self-determination & Environmental awareness and integrity
- D.
Awareness of linkages across both space and time, i.e., not seeking gain at the expense of someone elsewhere in the world or of the generations to come
- E.
Tempo of Urbanization
Correct Answer
E. Tempo of Urbanization -
- 37.
Migration pertains to the movement or flow of people. As a flow of people, migration has three important dimensions. Which defines whether a movement is an inflow of an outflow relative to a given place?
- A.
Direction
- B.
Magnitude
- C.
Time scale
- D.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
A. Direction -
- 38.
Migration pertains to the movement or flow of people. As a flow of people, migration has three important dimensions. Which determines whether a given place is a net in-migration or a net out-migration area?
- A.
Direction
- B.
Magnitude
- C.
Time scale
- D.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
B. Magnitude -
- 39.
Migration pertains to the movement or flow of people. As a flow of people, migration has three important dimensions.Which distinguishes temporary from permanent migration?
- A.
Direction
- B.
Magnitude
- C.
Time scale
- D.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
C. Time scaleExplanation
(1) Temporary migration consists of the daily commuting, weekly visits, or seasonally-affected flow.
(2) Permanent migration involves change in residence and in turn resulting in change in land or house occupancy.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Is an element or sub-system of a whole having coherent functions and subject to common-thematic type of planning?
- A.
Sector
- B.
Program
- C.
Project
- D.
Values
Correct Answer
A. Sector -
- 41.
Is a collection of complementary projects/activities formulated to achieve the functions/objectives of a sector. Describe in detail the kind and quantities of resources to be used?
- A.
Activity
- B.
Program
- C.
Project
- D.
Task
Correct Answer
B. Program -
- 42.
Is a self-contained unit of investment aimed at developing resources and facilities within a limited area within a given time period? It deals with goods and services significant to the accomplishment of national, regional and local development plans.
- A.
Activity
- B.
Program
- C.
Project
- D.
Task
Correct Answer
C. Project -
- 43.
Is the output of the first stage activities in the preparation of a development plan? It consists of an overall growth pattern, strategy, sectoral policies and population and employment target and forecasts.
- A.
Concept Plan
- B.
Development Plan
- C.
Preliminary Plan
- D.
Schematic Plan
Correct Answer
A. Concept Plan -
- 44.
Is a series of written statements accompanied by maps, illustrations and diagrams which describe what the community wants to become and how it wants to develop. It is essentially composed of community goals, objectives, policies, programs and a land use/physical development plan which translates the various sectoral plans.
- A.
Concept Plan
- B.
Development Plan
- C.
Preliminary Plan
- D.
Schematic Plan
Correct Answer
B. Development Plan -
- 45.
Is the process of obtaining technical advice or opinion which may be or may not be followed.
- A.
Consultation
- B.
Advise
- C.
Guidance
- D.
Deliberation
Correct Answer
A. Consultation -
- 46.
Something that is prized or held dear, such as core beliefs of person or group in which they have an emotional investment?
- A.
Values
- B.
Principles
- C.
Norms
- D.
Traditions
Correct Answer
A. Values -
- 47.
Is an axiomatic statements of how values are related and ranked in relation to other values?
- A.
Values
- B.
Principles
- C.
Norms
- D.
Traditions
Correct Answer
B. Principles -
- 48.
Is a broad value-based notions that are stated in a way that they can serve to regulate behavior?
- A.
Values
- B.
Principles
- C.
Norms
- D.
Traditions
Correct Answer
C. Norms -
- 49.
Are principles and norms formulated in such a way that they can be measured. They are accepted criteria or established measures for determining or evaluating performance?
- A.
Standards
- B.
Goals
- C.
Objectives
- D.
Vision
Correct Answer
A. Standards -
- 50.
Are broad, long-term ends towards which a collectivity should aim; always related to community/group situation or organizational structure?
- A.
Standards
- B.
Goals
- C.
Objectives
- D.
Vision
Correct Answer
B. Goals -
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Aug 30, 2016Quiz Edited by
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Aug 14, 2016Quiz Created by
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