Quiz About Plumbing 1

The correct answer is B. Insufficiency in the size of the water service and distribution pipe. This means that the pipes used in the plumbing system are not large enough to handle the simultaneous flow of water from multiple fixtures. As a result, the water supply drops because the pipes are not able to deliver enough water to meet the demand. This is a poor design in the plumbing system as it leads to inadequate water pressure and flow.

A turbine pump is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to operate with a vertical turbine located below ground water levels and a driving motor located at ground level. This configuration allows the pump to efficiently draw water from underground sources and deliver it to the desired location. The other options, centrifugal pump, reciprocating pump, and submersible pump, do not have the same design features as a turbine pump and are not suitable for this particular application.

Jetted wells use extreme water pressure to create a well without affecting the existing foundation in the vicinity. They utilize a suction pump above and a casing that acts as the pump riser. This process involves forcing water into the ground at high pressure to create a well bore. Jetted wells are commonly used in areas with loose or sandy soil where drilling or digging may not be feasible.

A steel drive-wellpoint is used to create a driven well. This well is created by fitting the drive-wellpoint on one end of the pipe section and driving it into the ground. The point can be driven to a depth of up to 15 meters (50 feet). Therefore, the correct answer is driven wells.

A water tank is a structure that is used for the collection, storage, and distribution of water. It can be used for various purposes, such as supplying water to a building or community, or for irrigation purposes. The materials used for constructing water tanks can vary, including PVC, G.I., reinforced concrete, stainless steel, or plain steel. The term "water tank" encompasses both the collection of water without considering pressure and the storage of water under air pressure or a static head for future distribution by pneumatic or gravity means.

The question asks for the size of GI pipes that are not standard commercial sizes for water supply. The options A, B, and C are all standard commercial sizes for GI pipes used in water supply systems. However, option D, 5" diameter, is not a standard commercial size for GI pipes used in water supply.

A pneumatic tank is the correct answer because it uses air pressure from a suction tank to distribute water to tall buildings. The term "pneumatic" refers to the use of air or gas to create pressure, which is then used to move or distribute water. In this case, the air pressure in the pneumatic tank is used to push the water up to the tall buildings, overcoming the limitations of normal water pressure.

Aeration is the process of exposing water to air, typically through the use of fine mist or bubbles. This helps to purify the water by allowing volatile organic compounds and other contaminants to evaporate. In this case, passing raw water through pipes with tiny sieves and exposing it to air with fine mist helps to remove impurities and improve its quality. Sedimentation involves the settling of particles in water, while reversed osmosis is a different method of water purification that uses a semi-permeable membrane.

Water is passed through layers of sand and gravel in concrete basins in order to remove the finer suspended particles. This process is known as filtration. Filtration involves the passing of water through a porous medium, such as sand or gravel, to remove impurities and particles. The layers of sand and gravel act as a physical barrier, trapping the suspended particles and allowing the clean water to pass through. This method is commonly used in water treatment plants to improve the quality of drinking water by removing sediment and other impurities.

A dry standpipe is a fire line system that does not have a constant water supply. Instead, it is equipped with a fire service inlet and outlet connection, allowing the Fire Service to connect their hoses and supply water when needed. This type of standpipe is installed exclusively for the use of the Fire Service, providing them with a readily available water source in buildings or structures where a constant water supply is not feasible or available.

A corporation cock is a type of valve that is commonly used in service pipes near their connection with a water main. It is designed to regulate or stop the flow of water in the pipe. This type of valve is typically used in municipal water systems and is known for its durability and reliability.

Dug wells are the correct answer because they can be constructed with hand tools or power tools, which implies that they can be built using basic equipment. Additionally, the fact that they can have a depth of about 15 meters suggests that they can reach a significant depth for accessing water. Lastly, the statement that they can have the greatest diameter that a space may allow indicates that dug wells can be customized to fit the available space, making them a versatile option for accessing groundwater.

The correct answer is C. hot or cold water line. This term refers to the pipes that carry potable water, whether it is hot or cold, throughout a plumbing system. It is a general term that encompasses both the hot and cold water pipes in a building.

A circuit vent is a vent that is installed in front of the last fixture in a battery of plumbing fixtures. It helps to equalize air pressure in the plumbing system and prevent siphoning of water from traps.

A full open type of valve is not required on every hose bibb because hose bibbs already have their own shut-off valves. These valves allow the user to control the flow of water from the hose bibb without the need for an additional valve. Therefore, it is not necessary to have a full open type of valve on every hose bibb in a water distribution system.

Sedimentation is a method of purifying water by allowing suspended particles to settle at the bottom of a container. By drawing the water out, the settled particles are left behind, resulting in purified water. This process takes advantage of gravity to separate the impurities from the water. Aeration involves introducing air into the water to remove volatile compounds, reverse osmosis uses a membrane to separate impurities, and purification is a general term for any process that removes contaminants from water.

Rainwater is soft and pure because it does not contain the minerals and chemicals found in groundwater or tap water. This makes it ideal for use in hot water supply systems, as it prevents the buildup of limescale and extends the lifespan of appliances. Additionally, rainwater is available every day, unlike other sources of water which may be subject to shortages or restrictions. Furthermore, rainwater is natural and purified by natural means, as it is collected directly from the atmosphere. Therefore, the advantage of using rainwater is that it is soft, pure, suitable for hot water supply, readily available, and naturally purified.

A submersible pump is a type of pump that is designed to be submerged in water. It includes an electric motor that is positioned underwater in a bored hole, and it uses centrifugal force to deliver water to the surface. This type of pump is commonly used for various applications such as pumping water from wells, underground reservoirs, or other water sources located below ground level. It is an efficient and convenient option for pumping water without the need for external priming or suction pipes.

The correct answer is "water main" because it refers to the public water system laid underground along the streets where the house service is connected. This is the main source of water for the houses connected to the system.

A lift pump is the correct answer because it is a type of pump that uses a piston to create suction and lift water from a lower level to a higher level. In this scenario, the piston of the pump travels up and down within a cylinder, creating a vacuum that allows water to be lifted from a source through a pipe. The valves in the pump ensure that water is only able to flow in one direction, with valve 'A' closing and valve 'B' opening during the upstroke of the piston, and valve 'A' opening during the downstroke. This mechanism allows the pump to lift water upwards, making it a lift pump.

The correct answer is "Natural surface Water" because it includes rivers, lakes, ponds, and impounding reservoirs, which are all examples of surface sources. This suggests that the water in question is sourced from natural bodies of water found on the Earth's surface, rather than being artificially treated or processed.

A cistern or cistern tank is a reservoir, tank, or vessel used for storing or holding water or other liquids. It is specifically designed for the purpose of storing and supplying water. A water tank can also be used for this purpose, but the term "cistern" is more commonly used to refer to a tank specifically for water storage. A water dam, on the other hand, is a structure built across a river or stream to impound water. A coferdam is a temporary structure used to divert water or create a dry work area.

A check valve, also known as a non-return valve, is designed to allow water to flow in one direction only, thereby preventing backflow. Backflow can contaminate the potable water supply with dirty water or chemicals, posing a health risk. The check valve is a critical component in residential and commercial plumbing systems to ensure water safety and integrity.

Dampers are installed at the branch supply duct as far as practical from the outlet in order to regulate the amount of cool air for an even distribution to outlets. This location allows for better control of the airflow and ensures that the cool air is evenly distributed throughout the space. Installing dampers at the trunk ducts, at angles and elbows, or at the air boot fitting would not provide the same level of control and even distribution of cool air.

A nipple is a type of GI (galvanized iron) fitting that is used to join two threaded fittings together. It is designed to be as close as possible to the two fittings it is connecting, but it should not exceed 3 inches in length. This allows for a secure and tight connection between the fittings while also ensuring that the overall length of the joint does not exceed the specified limit. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Nipple.

A reciprocating pump is the correct answer because it has a plunger that moves back and forth within a cylinder, which matches the description given in the question. Additionally, reciprocating pumps are commonly used for applications where high pressure is required, such as in oil and gas industries, and they are often located near or below ground level for ease of maintenance and operation.

The correct answer is SERVICE PIPE. The service pipe refers to the pipe that connects the public water main or source of water supply to the building being served. It is responsible for delivering water from the main to the building, ensuring a continuous water supply.

A sump pit/cesspool is an underground container used for the collection of waste matter and water, particularly sewage. It is covered and serves as a storage area for waste until it can be properly disposed of or treated. This explanation fits the given answer "SUMP PIT/CESSPOOL" accurately.

The reason why the size of the columns will be larger is not a valid reason for not allowing soil stacks in columns. Soil stacks are vertical pipes used for drainage in buildings, and their presence does not necessarily affect the size of the columns. The other reasons mentioned, such as interference with reinforcing bars, difficulty in detecting cracks and leaks, and the potential deterioration of concrete due to gas emitted, are valid concerns that justify the restriction on soil stacks in columns.

Filtration is the best solution for turbidity in water. Turbidity refers to the presence of silt or mud in water, which can cause discoloration and a bad taste. Filtration is a process that removes these particles from the water, resulting in clearer and better-tasting water. Aeration, sedimentation, and boiling may not be as effective in removing the fine particles that cause turbidity.

Branch vents are required to have at least a slope of 1/4" per foot in order to allow any waste to drain into the drain pipe. This slope ensures that gravity can effectively pull the waste down the branch vent and into the main drain pipe, preventing any blockages or backups. Without this slope, waste may not flow properly and could accumulate in the branch vent, causing plumbing issues.

Reverse osmosis is a stage in water purification that removes mineral deposits, salts, heavy metals, and totally dissolves solids while retaining some useful minerals. This process uses a semi-permeable membrane to filter out impurities and contaminants, allowing only pure water molecules to pass through. Reverse osmosis is an effective method for producing clean and safe drinking water by removing a wide range of contaminants present in the water source.

The minimum size of a trap or branch of a residential kitchen is 1 1/2 inches. This size is necessary to ensure proper drainage and prevent clogs in the plumbing system. A smaller size trap or branch would not be able to effectively handle the amount of waste and water that is generated in a kitchen. A larger size trap or branch would be unnecessary and may lead to excessive water usage. Therefore, the correct answer is A. 1 1/2 inches.

Bored wells are the correct answer because they are dug with earth augers and are usually less than 30 meters deep. The diameter of bored wells ranges from 2 to 30 inches. Additionally, bored wells are lined with metal, vitrified tile, or concrete.

Boiling is the best solution for the problem of hardness in water distribution. Boiling water helps in removing the magnesium and calcium salts present in the water, which are the main causes of hardness. When water is boiled, these salts precipitate and settle at the bottom, making the water softer and more suitable for various household purposes like laundry and cooking. Therefore, boiling is an effective method to treat the hardness problem in water distribution.

A pressure relief valve is a device that is installed on top of a pressure tank in a downfeed water distribution system to protect against hydrostatic collapse due to suction or negative pressure resulting from back-siphonage. It is designed to relieve excess pressure in the system, preventing damage to the tank and other components.

The minimum size of a trap or branch for a lavatory is 1 1/4”.

The correct answer is D. 4”x4” Wye and 4 1/8” bend combination. This fitting is installed at a branching tee from a horizontal soil branch to a horizontal waste branch. The 4”x4” Wye allows for the connection of two 4-inch pipes, while the 4 1/8” bend provides the necessary angle for the connection. This combination fitting is suitable for this specific installation scenario.

A tail piece is a pipe extension that is not more than 2 feet in length and is installed at a stack or branch of a plumbing rough-in. It is used for the purpose of a future tap, meaning that it allows for the installation of a faucet or other plumbing fixture at a later time.

An upfeed system is a method of distributing water in low-rise buildings by utilizing the normal water pressure from the public water main. In this system, water is pumped from the main supply and distributed to the upper floors of the building via vertical pipes. This allows for efficient and effective water distribution throughout the building, ensuring that all floors have access to sufficient water pressure.

The correct answer is 500 gpm because gpm stands for gallons per minute, which is a common unit used to measure the flow rate of water. In the context of a waste water treatment facility, the amount of waste discharged is typically measured in terms of the flow rate of water. Therefore, the higher value of 500 gpm indicates a larger amount of waste being discharged compared to the other options provided.

Flocculation is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which sediment particles collide with each other and stick together. During flocculation, fine particles in water form larger, heavier particles called flocs, which can then settle more easily. This process is commonly used in water treatment to remove suspended solids and clarify the water.

A jet pump is the correct answer because it is a type of pump that can be used for driven wells from 150 ft to 200 ft. It operates on the principle of venturi, where water under high pressure is pumped into the well to create a suction force that draws water upwards through the return pipe. This type of pump is commonly used for wells where the water level is relatively shallow.

The correct answer is A. 132 liters per minute. This means that the minimum water delivery for the outlet of a wet standpipe at a residual pressure of 1.8 kilos per sq. mts. is 132 liters per minute.

A bushing is a type of G.I. fitting that is used to reduce the diameter of a pipe or conduit. It is typically used when there is a need to connect a larger diameter pipe or conduit to a smaller diameter one. The bushing fits into the larger diameter opening and provides a smaller diameter opening for the connection. This helps to ensure a secure and tight fit between the two pipes or conduits.

A force pump is the correct answer because it is a type of pump that uses pressure to move liquid. In this scenario, the pump is delivering water at a higher point than its own position, which requires the use of pressure to force the water upwards. The description of the plunger descending and valve 'A' closing to force water out through valve 'B' supports the idea of using pressure to move the liquid.

Ball valves are gaining popularity in plumbing installations because they are beautiful and maintenance-free. They work by the principle of a ball inside the valve that controls the flow of water. When the lever is turned, the ball rotates to either block or allow water to pass through the valve. This design allows for a quick and easy on/off operation and provides a reliable and durable solution for controlling water flow in kitchen sink and lavatory faucets or shower valves.

The developed length of the vent pipe is not needed in sizing a vent pipe based on the total linear footage of the pipe. The size of the drain pipe, slope of the drain pipe, and number of fixture units are all important factors to consider when sizing a vent pipe. The developed length refers to the actual length of the pipe, including any bends or offsets, but it does not affect the sizing calculation.

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A centrifugal pump is a type of pump that consists of an impeller or set of vanes enclosed in a housing or casing, which is close coupled with the pump motor. The pump operates on the principle of adding energy in the form of velocity to a liquid that is already flowing. This increased velocity creates a pressure difference, allowing the pump to move the liquid from one location to another.

The maximum height of a fire service connection from the grade line is 122 cms.

A pressure reducing valve is a device used to control high water pressure by reducing it to a working pressure of 80 psi. It does this through mechanical means, ensuring that the water distribution system is not subjected to excessive pressure.

The minimum height of a fire service connection from the grade line is 46 cms. This means that the connection must be placed at least 46 cms above the ground level. This height requirement is important to ensure that the connection is easily accessible for firefighters in case of emergencies. It allows them to quickly connect their hoses to the fire service connection without any hindrance. A height of 46 cms strikes a balance between accessibility and protection, making it the correct answer.

The maximum horizontal developed length between the trap seal and the vertical vent inlet at the trap arm is 5 feet. This means that the distance between the trap seal and the vent inlet should not exceed 5 feet horizontally. This is important for maintaining proper venting and preventing the trap seal from being siphoned or losing its seal due to negative pressure. If the distance exceeds 5 feet, it may lead to issues with drainage and ventilation in the plumbing system.

A yoke vent is a type of vent applied on installations with multi-branch interval where the vertical vent pipe takes off in front of the first fixture and connects to a main vent stack. This allows for proper venting and prevents the possibility of airlock or siphoning in the drainage system.

A jet pump would be a suitable and economical type of water pump for this scenario because it is capable of delivering water against a high total dynamic head (TDH) of 200 ft. The fact that the motor and pump are located at the surface also supports the use of a jet pump, as it can draw water from a shallow well or other water source. A jet pump uses a combination of suction and pressure to move water, making it an efficient choice for this situation.

The correct answer is D. At every end of every soil branch. This means that clean outs are not required at the end of every soil branch. Clean outs are typically installed at intervals for easy access and maintenance, such as at every branch interval of a soil stack, at any horizontal waste or soil pipe exceeding 15 meters, and at any change in direction of a soil branch 22.5 degrees and over. However, they are not necessary at the end of every soil branch.

An angle valve is a type of valve that allows for full flow of water when fully open. It is commonly used in water distribution systems, including in supply pipes to water heaters. The other options listed (check valve, ball valve, and globe valve) do not necessarily provide full flow when fully open, making them not suitable for this specific requirement. Therefore, the correct answer is D. angle valve.

The correct answer is C. 3/8". The size of the supply valve for a tank type water closet is typically 3/8". This size is commonly used for residential water closets and provides an adequate flow rate for filling the tank efficiently. Using a larger size valve, such as 1", would not be necessary and could result in excessive water flow and waste. Similarly, using a smaller size valve, such as 1/2" or 3/4", may not provide enough water flow to properly fill the tank. Therefore, 3/8" is the appropriate size for the supply valve in this case.

A suction tank is a type of tank that is used to store water and is connected to a pump. It is typically constructed of riveted or welded steel plate and is often divided into compartments. The purpose of a suction tank is to provide a large enough supply of water to the building in case the city main is temporarily shut off. The pipe from the pump to the tank is connected to the city main, allowing water to be pumped directly from the main in case of a fire. The use of a suction tank ensures that water is not taken directly from the public main, preventing a decrease in water pressure for neighboring buildings.

The correct answer is B. tee reducer. A tee reducer is a type of pipe fitting that is used to connect a reducing branch from a main water distribution. It has three openings, with one being smaller in size than the other two, allowing for the connection of pipes of different sizes. This type of fitting is commonly used in plumbing systems to join pipes and create a branch connection.

A centrifugal pump is a type of pump that uses centrifugal force to generate pressure and move fluid. It is commonly used in applications where high water discharge and high pressure are required, such as firefighting or transferring water. In this scenario, the pump motor is installed on the surface for easy maintenance, while the impellers are submerged below the water source. This description matches the characteristics of a centrifugal pump.

The standard size of an outlet of a dry standpipe located for each floor is 64 mm (2 1/2") in diameter.

A reciprocation pump is a type of water pump that has its pump motor installed on the surface and is attached to a lift and push rod to activate a submerged piston. This type of pump uses a back-and-forth motion to draw water into the cylinder and then push it out. It is commonly used in applications where a high pressure is required, such as in oil wells or high-rise buildings.