Master Plumber Practice Exam (Sanitation, Design & Installation)

Polyethylene (PE) is a type of plastic material commonly used for making plastic tubes. PE plastic tubes are often used for service connections, such as plumbing or electrical connections. Polyethylene is a versatile material that is durable, lightweight, and resistant to chemicals and moisture. It is a popular choice for various applications due to its low cost and easy availability. Therefore, when referring to a PE plastic tube as a material used for service connections, it means that the tube is made of polyethylene.

PE stands for Polyethylene, which is a common plastic material used for making pipes and tubing for water service connections due to its flexibility, durability, and resistance to chemicals and corrosion.

Drinking water is disinfected to remove bacteria, as they can cause various waterborne diseases. Disinfection processes like chlorination or ultraviolet (UV) radiation are commonly used to kill or inactivate bacteria present in the water. Removing bacteria ensures that the water is safe for consumption and reduces the risk of illnesses caused by bacterial contamination. The other options mentioned, such as color, odor, and turbidity, may also be addressed during the water treatment process but are not the primary reason for disinfection.

GI pipe, or Galvanized Iron pipe, is commonly used for in-house water systems. This type of pipe is made of iron or steel and is coated with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion. The zinc coating helps to protect the pipe from rust and extends its lifespan. GI pipes are durable, strong, and resistant to various weather conditions, making them suitable for carrying water in residential buildings.

GI pipe, which stands for Galvanized Iron pipe, is commonly used in house water systems. This type of pipe is made of iron or steel and is coated with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion. The zinc coating also helps to extend the lifespan of the pipe and maintain water quality. GI pipes are known for their durability, strength, and resistance to rust, making them a suitable choice for transporting water in residential buildings.

A pneumatic air pressure system uses an assembly of mechanical devices to raise water using compressed air as the delivery method. Compressed air is used to create pressure, which pushes the water through the system, allowing it to be raised to a desired height. This system is commonly used in various applications where a reliable and efficient method of water transportation is required.

Solvent cement is the joining compound used to assemble poly vinyl chloride (PVC) pipe and fittings together. PVC pipes and fittings are commonly used in plumbing and construction projects. Solvent cement is a strong adhesive that works by chemically bonding the PVC materials together. It is applied to the surfaces of the pipe and fittings, and when it dries, it creates a secure and watertight connection. Epoxy, rugby, and glue are not typically used for joining PVC pipes and fittings.

A slope of 2% is necessary in the soil branch to ensure that waste content flows through the pipe at a sufficient velocity. This velocity is required to maintain a self-scouring condition, meaning that the waste content is carried away effectively without causing blockages or buildup in the pipe. A slope of 2% provides the right amount of gradient for the waste to flow smoothly and prevent any potential issues in the system.

The type of water closet prescribed for public toilets is the elongated bowl type. This type of water closet is designed with an elongated shape, providing more comfort and ease of use for users. It is commonly used in public toilets due to its ergonomic design and ability to accommodate a wide range of body types. The elongated bowl type also offers better hygiene and sanitation compared to other types of water closets, making it the preferred choice for public facilities.

A submersible pump is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to be used underground. Unlike surface pumps, which are located above ground and draw water up through a hose or pipe, submersible pumps are submerged in the water source and push water up to the surface. This makes them ideal for applications such as wells, boreholes, and other underground water sources. Piston pumps and centrifugal pumps are not typically used underground, and while they can be used in certain applications, they are not specifically designed for underground use like submersible pumps are.

Pour index horsepower is a unit used to measure the power output of an engine. It represents the amount of work done per minute, measured in foot-pounds. The correct answer is 33,000 because it is the closest value to the standard conversion factor of 1 horsepower being equal to 33,000 foot-pounds per minute.

The distance between the faucet outlet and the flood rim of the basin is referred to as the air gap. This is a necessary feature to prevent backflow contamination, as it creates a physical barrier between the water supply and the basin. The air gap ensures that in the event of a drop in water pressure, contaminated water cannot flow back into the clean water supply.

The correct answer is 33,000. Pour index horsepower refers to the power output of an engine or motor. It is a unit that measures the rate at which work is done. In this case, it is measured in foot-pounds per minute. The answer 33,000 indicates that the engine or motor is capable of producing 33,000 foot-pounds of work per minute.

Saturation is not one of the stages in the cycle of water. The water cycle consists of four main stages: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection. During evaporation, water changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state. Condensation occurs when the water vapor in the air cools and turns back into liquid water. Precipitation refers to the process where water droplets in the atmosphere come together to form larger droplets and fall to the ground as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Finally, collection involves the gathering of water in bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. Saturation, on the other hand, refers to the point at which a substance can no longer dissolve in a solvent and is not directly part of the water cycle.

The meaning of "u" placed before PVC pipe, a material used for water systems, is "unplasticized". This indicates that the PVC pipe is not made with any plasticizers, which are substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility. Unplasticized PVC pipes are rigid and do not bend easily, making them suitable for applications where strength and durability are important, such as water systems.

Surface water for domestic use is collected from streams. Streams are bodies of water that flow continuously in a channel, such as rivers or creeks. These water sources are often accessible and provide a reliable supply of fresh water for various domestic purposes, including drinking, cooking, and cleaning. Unlike seas, oceans, or mountains, streams are more easily accessible and provide a more suitable source of surface water for domestic use.

A trap is a fitting that is installed in a plumbing system to prevent the passage of air, gas, and some vermin through the pipe. It is designed in a way that it retains a small amount of water in its bend, creating a water seal. This water seal acts as a barrier, preventing the backflow of gases or vermin from the sewer into the building. Therefore, a trap is the correct answer to the question.

An automatic safety device is always provided in a hot water supply system to eliminate the risk of overheating. This device is designed to monitor the temperature of the water and automatically shut off the heating system if it exceeds a certain safe limit. By doing so, it prevents the water from reaching dangerously high temperatures that could lead to scalding or damage to the system. This safety measure ensures that the hot water supply system operates within a safe temperature range, protecting both users and the equipment.

A waste pipe is a pipe that is specifically designed to carry waste water and water carried waste without fecal matter. It is used to transport liquid waste from fixtures such as sinks, showers, and washing machines to the main sewer line or septic system. Unlike other types of pipes listed, the waste pipe is specifically designed for this purpose and does not handle fecal matter.

A slop sink is a sink typically used in janitorial services in a building. It is specifically designed for disposing of dirty water and other waste materials, making it ideal for cleaning tasks. The term "slop" refers to the act of throwing away or disposing of liquid waste, which aligns with the purpose of this type of sink. Therefore, a sink used as a rule for janitorial services in a building is called a slop sink.

When cast iron pipe and fittings of different sizes need to be joined or connected, an increaser or reducer is required. This is because an increaser allows for the transition from a smaller pipe size to a larger one, while a reducer allows for the transition from a larger pipe size to a smaller one. These fittings ensure a proper and secure connection between the pipes of different sizes.

The correct answer is "sludge". Sludge refers to the non-soluble materials that settle at the bottom of a septic tank after the biological action of bacteria on waste. It is the solid residue that accumulates over time and needs to be periodically removed from the tank to maintain its efficiency.

Pathogenic bacteria are disease-causing bacteria that can be harmful to humans and other organisms. While sewage treatment typically involves the use of bacteria to break down organic matter, pathogenic bacteria have no function in this process and can even pose a risk to public health if present in sewage. Therefore, pathogenic bacteria are the correct answer as they do not play a role in sewage treatment.

The safely feature of a service hot water system works automatically. This means that it operates without the need for human intervention or manual control. The system is designed to detect any potential risks or malfunctions and take appropriate actions to ensure safety. It can automatically shut off the water supply, adjust temperature settings, or activate safety mechanisms in case of emergencies or abnormal conditions. This automatic functionality adds convenience and peace of mind for users, as they can rely on the system to operate safely without constant monitoring or intervention.

The vertical distance between the dip and crown weir of the trap is known as the trap seal. The trap seal is the water-filled barrier in a plumbing trap that prevents sewer gases from entering the building. It is essential for maintaining proper sanitation and preventing foul odors.

The correct answer is "receiving only liquid waste." A seepage refers to a sewage terminal that receives only liquid waste. This means that it does not handle solid waste or direct human excrement.

A wet vent is a type of vent pipe system in plumbing where both wastewater and air are carried through the same pipe. It allows for the efficient flow of liquid waste by using the momentum of the flowing water to draw air from the vent. This helps to prevent the buildup of pressure and the formation of airlocks in the plumbing system. Wet vents are commonly used in multi-story buildings or complex plumbing systems where multiple fixtures are connected to a single vent pipe.

An air gap is the unobstructed vertical distance between a faucet supplying water and the flood level rim of a fixture in plumbing. It is an important safety feature as it prevents backflow of contaminated water into the water supply system.

Ground water refers to the portion of rainwater that percolates into the earth and forms underground deposits. It is the water that is stored in the spaces between rocks and soil underground. This water can be accessed through wells and springs, and it is an important source of drinking water and irrigation for many communities. Ground water is replenished through the process of precipitation and can take years or even centuries to fully recharge.

Aeration is the process of exposing water in films to the oxygen of the atmosphere in order to remove, neutralize the taste, odor, and dissolved oxygen. This process helps in improving the quality of water by allowing the dissolved gases to escape and reducing any unpleasant taste or odor. Filtration is the process of removing impurities from water, screening is the process of removing large particles, and sedimentation is the process of allowing solid particles to settle at the bottom.

Pathogenic bacteria refers to bacteria that can cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants. In the context of sewage treatment, pathogenic bacteria are not beneficial as they can contaminate the water and pose a risk to public health. Sewage treatment processes primarily aim to remove harmful bacteria and other contaminants from wastewater to ensure its safe disposal or reuse. Therefore, the presence of pathogenic bacteria in sewage can hinder the effectiveness of sewage treatment and increase the potential for disease transmission.

The correct answer is "receiving only liquid waste." This is because the definition of seepage states that it is a sewage terminal that receives only liquid waste. It does not include solid waste or direct human excrement.

The distance of a septic tank from a well should be at least 15 meters to prevent contamination of water. This is because septic tanks contain wastewater and harmful bacteria that can seep into the ground and contaminate the well water if it is located too close. By maintaining a minimum distance of 15 meters, the risk of contamination is reduced, ensuring the safety of the well water.

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution of diseases or conditions in a population. It involves analyzing patterns, causes, and effects of health-related events in order to prevent and control diseases. This field is crucial in understanding the prevalence and impact of diseases, identifying risk factors, and developing strategies for disease prevention and control. Epidemiologists collect and analyze data to track the spread of diseases, investigate outbreaks, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. By studying the distribution of diseases, epidemiology helps inform public health policies and interventions to improve the overall health of populations.

A deep well is the correct answer because it is the only option that aligns with the given description of a well that penetrates the earth to depths of not more than 100 ft. A flowing well refers to a well that has a continuous flow of water, a shallow well is one that is not very deep, and an artesian well is a well that taps into a confined aquifer, none of which fit the given description. Therefore, deep well is the most appropriate option based on the information provided.

Friction loss refers to the pressure drop that occurs when water flows through a pipe in a system. As water moves through the pipe, it encounters resistance from the inner surface of the pipe, causing a decrease in pressure. This loss of pressure is known as friction loss. It is important to consider friction loss in order to properly design and size pipes for efficient water flow in a system.

The correct answer is water potability. When selecting a suitable water supply source, it is important to consider the potability of the water. This refers to the quality and safety of the water for human consumption. It is crucial to ensure that the water source meets the necessary standards and regulations to avoid any health risks. Water demand, budgetary cost, and topography are also important factors to consider, but water potability takes precedence as it directly affects the health and well-being of the population.

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A vacuum breaker is a device used to prevent backflow by admitting air into the supply pipe when a vacuum occurs. This helps to equalize the pressure and prevent the reverse flow of water or other fluids. This device is commonly used in plumbing systems to protect against contamination and maintain the integrity of the water supply.

Rainfall intensity is typically measured in inches per hour. This measurement indicates the amount of rainfall that falls within a one-hour time period. It is a standard unit used to quantify the rate at which rain is falling, providing valuable information for various purposes such as flood forecasting, water resource management, and urban planning. Other options such as inches per minute, inches per second, or inches per day are not commonly used for measuring rainfall intensity.

A pipe fitting with an outside thread and projecting square head is used for closing the edge of another fitting. This fitting is called a plug. It is designed to fit into the opening of a pipe or fitting to seal it off and prevent the flow of liquid or gas. The outside thread allows it to be securely screwed into the opening, while the square head provides a surface for easy gripping and tightening.

Rainwater for domestic use is collected from roofs. This is because roofs provide a large surface area for rainwater to fall on and collect. The rainwater is then directed into gutters and downspouts, which lead to storage tanks or other collection systems. Collecting rainwater from roofs is a common practice as it allows for the harvesting and utilization of a natural resource, reducing the reliance on other water sources and promoting sustainability.

The correct answer is "combination wye and 1/8 bend". When horizontal drainage lines connect with other horizontal drainage lines, they should enter through a combination wye and 1/8 bend. This type of fitting allows for smooth flow and proper drainage. The combination of a wye and 1/8 bend ensures that the wastewater can flow freely without any obstructions or backups. Using a 90-degree wye branch or a regular wye may cause blockages and hinder the drainage system's effectiveness.

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A sump pit is a structure installed at the basement floor of a building where waste water is drained. It is designed to collect water that enters the basement, either from rainwater or from the building's plumbing system. The sump pit contains a pump that automatically removes the collected water and pumps it away from the building. A septic tank, on the other hand, is a separate system used for treating and disposing of sewage from a building. Catch basins are typically used to collect surface water runoff, while floor drains are used to drain water from the floor of a building.

A reducer fitting is needed in a cleanout if the pipe is 6" diameter because a cleanout is typically a larger opening in the pipe that allows for easy access to the inside of the pipe for cleaning or inspection purposes. Since the pipe diameter is 6", a reducer fitting is required to connect the larger cleanout opening to the smaller diameter of the pipe. This ensures a proper and secure fit between the cleanout and the pipe, allowing for effective maintenance and cleaning of the pipe system.

Before working with wet lead, it is important to wipe it. This is because lead can be toxic, and when it is wet, it can be more easily absorbed into the body through skin contact or inhalation. Wiping the wet lead helps to remove any excess moisture, reducing the risk of exposure to the toxic substance.

Tightening the packing nut can be performed on a pump while it is running because it involves adjusting the packing material around the pump shaft to prevent leakage. This procedure does not require the pump to be shut down or stopped, allowing it to continue operating while the packing is adjusted.

Cohesion refers to the property of a fluid where its own molecules are attracted to each other. This attraction is responsible for the fluid's ability to stick together and form droplets or maintain its shape. It is the cohesive forces between the molecules that allow liquids to exhibit surface tension and create capillary action. Cohesion is an important characteristic of fluids and plays a significant role in various natural phenomena, such as water droplets forming on a surface or the movement of sap in plants.

The correct answer is 3/4". A urinal stall type should have a minimum water supply size of 3/4". This is because a larger water supply size is required to ensure an adequate flow of water for flushing and maintaining cleanliness in the urinal stall. A smaller water supply size, such as 5/8" or 3/8", may not provide enough water flow and could result in inadequate flushing and potential hygiene issues. A larger water supply size, such as 1 1/4", may be excessive and wasteful in terms of water usage.