Phylum Bryozoa
The majority of this quiz is of multiple-choice format with some true-false at the end. The answers to these questions are found throughout the reading of the Bryozoa website. Please answer the best choice possible for each question.
- 1.A zooid is known as:
- A.
A complete individual
- B.
A group of asexually produced and physically unified components
- C.
A reproductive structure
- D.
A feeding structure
- 2.In most of the species the muscular __________ can be found just below the orifice
- A.
Cystid
- B.
Diaphragm
- C.
Zooecium
- D.
Polypide
- 3.Colonies are found to be either _______ and _______ or _______and _______.
- A.
Big and wide or small and narrow
- B.
Sharp and pointy or round and smooth
- C.
Brown and white or dark red and white
- D.
Branched and rigid or flat and encrusted
- 4.Funicular cords are:
- A.
Strands used for locomotion
- B.
Thick mesenchymal cables that create tissue connections among the individual colonies
- C.
Structures for disposing of waste and can also be used for catching prey and nutrients
- D.
Reproductive structures
- 5.The nervous system of bryozoans is
- A.
Ring shaped
- B.
Adjacent to the pharynx
- C.
Either specifically ganglionated or not
- D.
All of the above
- 6.Monomorphic colonies of phylactolaemates means that
- A.
The zooids are all morphologically identical
- B.
The zooids are all attached to each other in some way
- C.
The colonies are all morphologically identical
- D.
The colonies are all attached to each other in some way
- 7.The epistome of phylactolaemates is refer to as
- A.
The tongue like structure within the mouth
- B.
A flap of tissue hanging down over the mouth
- C.
A hollow funiculus
- D.
A muscle within the stomach used for digestion
- 8.Floatoblasts of the phlyactolaemata species are
- A.
Are buoyant due to gas-filled calls
- B.
Glued to a solid surface or structure
- C.
Can actually be spread relatively large distances by wind, water, or animals
- D.
A & c
- E.
B & c
- 9.Orders Ctenostomata and Cheilostomata belong to the
- A.
Class Stenolaemata
- B.
Class Phylactolaemata
- C.
Class Gymnolaemata
- D.
Class Echiura
- 10.Heterozooids are known as
- A.
The oldest colony members
- B.
The most current colony members
- C.
The non-feeding colony members
- D.
The feeding colony members
- 11.Species within the Class Stenolaemata are
- A.
Entirely freshwater
- B.
Mostly freshwater
- C.
Entirely marine
- D.
Mostly marine
- 12.True or False - The ability to generate and regenerate is an essential and fundamental quality of the bryozoan life cycle.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 13.True or false - In all Phylactolaemate species the lophophore is O-shaped
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.True or False - The majority of gymnolaemata bryozoans' zooecia calcify to varying extents.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.True of False - Cyclostome zooids are known to always be flat, in addition to the zooecia remaining entirely uncalcified.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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