Includes antifungals, glaucoma drugs, allergy, and a few general questions from the first lecture
Betaxolol (Betoptic)
Mannitol
Latanoprost (Xalatan)
Dorzolamide (Trusopt)
Apraclonidine (Iodipine)
Combigan
Cosopt
Alphagan P
Pilocarpine
H. influenza
S. peumoniae
S. aureus
E. coli
Quinolones (moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, besifloxacin)
Bacitracin or erythromycin ophthalmic ointment
Naphazoline (AK-con)
IV antibiotics (nafcillin)
Timolol
Acetazolamide
Brimonidine
Pilocarpine
Carbachol
Echothiophate
Dorzolamide
Latanoprost
Pre-operative situations in which neuromuscular blocking agents may be used
Severe COPD or asthma
Concurrent use of MAOIs
Coronary artery disease
Seborrheic blepharitis
Hordeolum
Viral conjunctivitis
Orbital cellulitis
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Pseudomonas
Proteus sp.
Bacterial conjunctivitis
Orbital cellulitis
Hordeolum
Blepharitis
They are nonselective antihistamines.
The group includes brompheniramine (Dimetapp)
They cause more sedation than ethanolamines
The group contains chlorpheniramine (ChlorTrimeton)
Alkylamines
Phenothiazines
Piperidines
Piperazines
Cyproheptadine (Periactin)
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Desloratadine (Clarinex
Hydroxyzine (Atarax)
They are parasympathomimetic agents
They should be avoided in patients with hypertension
The most effective one is phenylephrine (Sudafed PE)
Prolonged use can result in rhinitis medicamentosa
Phenyephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
Azelastine (Astelin)
Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
Flunisolide (Nasarel)
Expectorants
Mast cell stabilizers
Mucolytics
Anticholinergic agents
Increased gastric pH
Concurrent electrolyte depletion, e.g. taking thiazides
Interference with CYP450 metabolism of other drugs the patient is taking
Therapeutic failure due in the presence of another drug that induces CYP450 enzymes
Inhibits ergosterol synthesis by enzyme disruption, increasing permeability of the membrane
Binds to ergosterol in the cell membrane, allowing cell leakage
Inhibits the synthesis of beta D glucan, a component of fungal cell wall construction
Binds to beta D glucan in the cellular membrane, increasing permeability
Ketoconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Fluconasole
Voriconazole
Amphotericin
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Polyenes
Azoles
Echinocandins
Allylamines
Penicillium derivatives
Oropharyngeal candidiasis
Tinea pedis
Tinea unguium
Vulvovaginal candidiasis
Absorption is dependent on drug solubility.
Increased lipid solubility enhances drug distribution
The goal of metabolism is to convert substances into water soluble forms
Most drugs are eliminated according to zero-order kinetics
Ciclopirox (Penlac Lacquer)
Tolnaftate (Tinactin)
Terbinafine (Lamisil)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
Citirizine (Zyrtec)
Fluconazole
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Amphitericin