Trivia On Periodic Table: Quiz!

Dmitri Mendeleev is considered the "father of the periodic table" because he was the first scientist to organize the elements in a systematic way based on their properties and atomic weights. In 1869, Mendeleev created the periodic table, arranging the elements in order of increasing atomic weight and leaving gaps for undiscovered elements. His periodic table also allowed him to predict the properties of these yet-to-be-discovered elements, which were later found and matched his predictions. Mendeleev's work laid the foundation for the modern periodic table that we use today.

The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing atomic number. This is because the atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines its chemical properties and its position in the periodic table. As we move across a period or down a group in the periodic table, the atomic number increases, indicating the addition of one more proton to the nucleus. Therefore, the arrangement of elements in the periodic table is based on their atomic number.

Polonium has the largest atoms among the given elements. This is because as you move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic radius tends to increase. Polonium is located at the bottom of Group 16 (also known as the oxygen group), so it has the largest atomic radius compared to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium, which are positioned above it in the same group.

As you move to the right across rows on the periodic table, the size of an atom decreases because the atoms have more protons. Protons are positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom. The more protons an atom has, the stronger the pull towards the center of the atom, making it more compact and smaller in size.

Mercury has the most protons among the given elements. Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons it has. Mercury has an atomic number of 80, which means it has 80 protons. In comparison, Palladium has 46 protons, Vanadium has 23 protons, Zinc has 30 protons, and Bromine has 35 protons. Therefore, Mercury has the highest number of protons among the given elements.

The correct answer is Ca^2-. In this question, we are asked to identify the largest particle among the given options. The superscript in each option represents the charge of the particle. Ca^2- indicates that the calcium ion has a charge of -2. Since the negative charge indicates the gain of electrons, Ca^2- has gained two electrons, resulting in a larger particle compared to the other options.

Lithium as a cation is smaller than lithium metal and lithium anion. When lithium loses an electron to become a cation, it loses an electron shell, resulting in a smaller size. Lithium metal consists of neutral lithium atoms, which have an electron configuration and size similar to lithium as a cation. On the other hand, a lithium anion gains an electron, leading to an increased electron shell and a larger size compared to lithium as a cation. Therefore, lithium as a cation is the smallest among the given options.

As you move down a group on the periodic table, the atomic radius increases. This means that the electrons are farther from the nucleus and experience less attraction to it. As a result, it becomes easier to remove an electron, leading to a decrease in ionization energy.

Fluorine has a high ionization energy because it has a low number of shells and a high number of protons. The ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Fluorine has a high number of protons in its nucleus, which creates a strong attraction between the protons and the electrons. Additionally, fluorine has a low number of shells, so the outermost electrons are closer to the nucleus and experience a stronger pull. As a result, it requires a significant amount of energy to remove an electron from fluorine, giving it a high ionization energy.

Electronegativity represents the amount that an atom wants electrons when it is in a molecule. It is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Electronegativity values increase across a period from left to right and decrease down a group on the periodic table. This property is important in determining the type of chemical bond that will form between atoms and helps predict the polarity of molecules.