Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Quiz

The neutron number is determined by subtracting the proton number from the nucleon number. In this case, the nucleon number is given as 16 and the proton number is given as 8. Subtracting 8 from 16 gives us 8, which is the number of neutrons in the oxygen atom.

Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are isotopes. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons, while Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons. Despite having different numbers of neutrons, both isotopes of carbon have the same number of protons and electrons, which is 6. Isotopes may have slightly different properties due to the varying number of neutrons, but they still belong to the same element.

Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are all isotopes of hydrogen, meaning they have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Therefore, the correct answer is neutrons.

The previous sentence incorrectly states that isotopes have the same number of neutrons and different number of protons. In reality, isotopes have the same number of protons (which determines the element) but can have different numbers of neutrons. This is what distinguishes one isotope from another within the same element.

Element P has a nucleon number of 31 and a proton number of 15, which means it has 16 neutrons (31 - 15 = 16). Element S has a nucleon number of 32 and a proton number of 16, which means it also has 16 neutrons (32 - 16 = 16). Therefore, the two elements have the same number of neutrons.

The nucleon number of an element is equal to the sum of its protons and neutrons. Since element X has a nucleon number of 40 and a proton number of 20, it means that it has 20 neutrons. In the periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, which is the same as the proton number. Therefore, element X with a proton number of 20 would be found in period 2, where elements have atomic numbers ranging from 3 to 10.

Neutrons have no charge, so they are not affected by electric fields. Protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge, so they will experience a force and bend or deviate when passing through an electric field. Therefore, the correct answer is neutron.

Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one neutron, giving it a nucleon number of 2. Since the question asks for the number of neutrons in deuterium, the correct answer is 1.

The nucleon number of an isotope represents the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. In this case, the nucleon number is 16, which means there are 8 protons and 8 neutrons. Since electrons are equal in number to protons in a neutral atom, the isotope of Oxygen with 8 protons will have 8 electrons. However, the question asks for an isotope of Oxygen with 16 nucleons, so it is not referring to the element Oxygen itself. Therefore, the correct answer is 10, as it is an isotope with 8 protons and 8 neutrons, resulting in 10 electrons.