Periodic Table And Compounds Quiz

Reviewed by Zohra Sattar Waxali
Zohra Sattar Waxali, PhD (Chemistry) |
Chemistry
Review Board Member
Dr. Zohra Sattar Waxali earned her doctorate in chemistry and biochemistry from Northwestern University, specializing in the metallomes of cardiac cells and stem cells, and their impact on biological function. Her research encompasses the development of arsenoplatin chemotherapeutics, stapled peptide estrogen receptor inhibitors, and antimicrobial natural products.
 , PhD (Chemistry)
By Sciencerules
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Sciencerules
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  • 1/34 Questions
    - ProProfs

    • Period
    • Elements
    • Periodic Table
    • Game Table
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About This Quiz

Explore the fascinating world of chemistry with our Periodic Table and Compounds Quiz! This comprehensive quiz will challenge your understanding of the periodic table, elements, and the compounds they form.
Do you know why elements like sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) combine to form sodium chloride (NaCl)? Can you identify the trends across the periodic table, such as increasing electronegativity or decreasing metallic character? Our quiz will guide you through these essential concepts, testing your knowledge of atomic structures, chemical bonding, and periodic trends.
Perfect for students preparing for exams, chemistry enthusiasts, or anyone curious about the elements, this quiz will reinforce your understanding of key concepts like group and period trends, compound formation, and chemical formulas. You'll explore how elements combine to form different compounds and understand the properties that make each group of elements unique.
Whether you're aiming to boost your chemistry knowledge or simply learn more about the periodic table and compounds, our Periodic Table and Compounds Quiz is the perfect challenge. Take it now and see how well you score!

Periodic Table And Compounds Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 
    - ProProfs

    • Nucleus

    • Electrons

    • Protons

    • Neutrons

    Correct Answer
    A. Electrons
    Explanation
    Excess electrons make an atom negatively charged, resulting in the formation of an anion. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons, leading to an overall neutral charge. However, when an atom gains extra electrons, the number of negatively charged electrons exceeds the number of positively charged protons, giving the atom a net negative charge.

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  • 3. 
    - ProProfs

    • Nucleolus

    • Neutron

    • Proton

    • Electron

    Correct Answer
    A. Proton
    Explanation
    Protons are positively charged subatomic particles found within the nucleus of an atom. They, along with neutrons, form the nucleus at the center of the atom, while electrons orbit the nucleus.

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  • 4. 
    - ProProfs

    • Iron

    • Fluorine

    • Francium

    • Iodine

    Correct Answer
    A. Iron
    Explanation
    Fe is the chemical symbol for iron, derived from its Latin name, Ferrum. Iron is a transition metal with the atomic number 26 and is essential in various biological and industrial applications. It's known for its magnetic properties and is a crucial component in hemoglobin, the molecule that carries oxygen in red blood cells.

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  • 5. 
    - ProProfs

    • Cool electrons

    • Revolution electrons

    • Valence Electrons

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Valence Electrons
    Explanation
    Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell (energy level) of an atom and play a key role in chemical bonding and reactions. Atoms strive to have a full outer shell, often resembling the electron configuration of noble gases. They achieve this stability by sharing, gaining, or losing electrons. For instance, sodium (Na) has one valence electron that it readily loses to form a positive ion (Na⁺), while chlorine (Cl) has seven valence electrons and tends to gain one electron to form a negative ion (Cl⁻). When Na and Cl combine, they form sodium chloride (NaCl) through ionic bonding.

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  • 6. 
    - ProProfs

    • Platinum

    • Mercury

    • Helium

    • Gold

    Correct Answer
    A. Mercury
    Explanation
    Mercury, with the chemical symbol Hg, has an atomic mass of approximately 201 atomic mass units (amu). This value represents the weighted average mass of mercury's naturally occurring isotopes, primarily mercury-202 (29.86% abundance) and mercury-200 (23.1% abundance). Mercury has the atomic number 80, meaning each atom contains 80 protons.

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  • 7. 
    - ProProfs

    • Nucleus

    • Proton

    • Electron

    • Neutron

    Correct Answer
    A. Neutron
    Explanation
    Neutrons are neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They have no electric charge, distinguishing them from protons, which are positively charged, and electrons, which are negatively charged. Neutrons have a mass slightly greater than that of protons, approximately 1.675 × 10⁻²⁷ kilograms (or 1 atomic mass unit, amu). Their presence in the nucleus provides stability by mitigating the electrostatic repulsion between protons due to like charges.

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  • 8. 
    - ProProfs

    • Proton

    • Electron

    • Neutron

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Electron
    Explanation
    Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. They have a charge of -1 (relative to protons) and an elementary charge of approximately -1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs. Electrons are extremely small, with a mass of about 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kilograms, which is roughly 1/1836 the mass of a proton.

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  • 9. 
    - ProProfs

    • Phosphorus

    • Potassium

    • Lead

    • Lawrencium

    Correct Answer
    A. Lead
    Explanation
    Pb is the chemical symbol for lead, derived from its Latin name, Plumbum. Lead is a heavy metal with the atomic number 82. It has been used historically in pipes, paints, and gasoline additives but is now recognized for its toxicity. Lead poisoning can cause severe health problems, especially in children.

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  • 10. 
    - ProProfs

    • Atomic Number

    • Atomic Mass

    Correct Answer
    A. Atomic Number
    Explanation
    The atomic number is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom. The atomic number, denoted as 𝑍Z, represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. In a neutral atom, the positive charge of the protons is balanced by an equal number of negatively charged electrons.

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  • 11. 
    - ProProfs

    • Electrons that hang out anywhere they want

    • Electrons that are reactive

    • Electrons that are in the outermost orbital

    Correct Answer
    A. Electrons that are in the outermost orbital
    Explanation
    Valence electrons are the electrons present in the outermost energy level (shell) of an atom. They are crucial in determining an element's chemical properties and its ability to bond with other elements. The number of valence electrons dictates how an element will interact in chemical reactions, influencing its reactivity and the types of bonds it can form.

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  • 12. 
    - ProProfs

    • Positive particles

    • Neutral particles

    • Negative particles

    Correct Answer
    A. Negative particles
    Explanation
    Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. They possess a relative charge of -1 and an absolute charge of approximately -1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs. Electrons play a vital role in chemical bonding and the electrical properties of materials.

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  • 13. 
    - ProProfs

    • Protons, nucleus, & electrons

    • Protons, atoms, & nucleus

    • Protons, electrons, & neutrons

    • Protons, Orbitals, electrons

    Correct Answer
    A. Protons, electrons, & neutrons
    Explanation
    Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the three main subatomic particles that make up an atom. Each of these particles has distinct properties and plays a specific role in defining the characteristics and behavior of an element.

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  • 14. 
    - ProProfs

    • Protons & Electrons

    • Electrons & Neutrons

    • Protons & Nucleus

    • Atom & Protons

    Correct Answer
    A. Protons & Electrons
    Explanation
    Neutral atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons, ensuring a balance of positive and negative charges and resulting in an overall electric charge of zero. For instance, a carbon atom with 6 protons also has 6 electrons, making it electrically neutral.

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  • 15. 
    - ProProfs

    • Compounds

    • Elements

    Correct Answer
    A. Compounds
    Explanation
    Compounds are chemical substances formed when atoms of two or more different elements chemically bond together in fixed proportions. The type of bonding can vary, with common forms including ionic bonds (e.g., sodium chloride, NaCl) and covalent bonds (e.g., water, H₂O). For instance, in carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon and oxygen atoms are bonded together covalently to form a molecule. Compounds have unique properties that differ from the elements that compose them.

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  • 16. 
    - ProProfs

    • Atomic Mass

    • Atomic Number

    • Valence Electrons

    • Electric Personalities

    Correct Answer
    A. Atomic Number
    Explanation
    The periodic table is arranged by atomic number, which is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. Elements are placed in ascending order of their atomic numbers, starting with hydrogen (atomic number 1) and continuing to the heaviest known elements.

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  • 17. 
    - ProProfs

    • Protons

    • Neutrons

    • Electrons

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Protons
    Explanation
    The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and uniquely identifies an element. For instance, carbon has an atomic number of 6, which means every carbon atom has 6 protons. The atomic number determines an element's position in the periodic table and defines its chemical properties. In a neutral atom, the atomic number also indicates the number of electrons.

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  • 18. 
    - ProProfs

    • Neutrons & electrons

    • Neutrons & protons

    • Nucleus & protons

    Correct Answer
    A. Neutrons & protons
    Explanation
    Protons and neutrons together make up the mass number, which represents the total number of these particles in an atom's nucleus. The mass number is a whole number that provides insight into the isotope of an element.

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  • 19. 
    - ProProfs

    • Periods

    • Groups

    • Pretty Colors

    Correct Answer
    A. Groups
    Explanation
    Groups run vertically in the periodic table and represent columns of elements that share similar chemical and physical properties. This similarity arises because elements within the same group have the same number of valence electrons, which are responsible for an element's chemical reactivity.

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  • 20. 
    - ProProfs

    • Calcium

    • Carbon

    • Cesium

    • Chlorine

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon
    Explanation
    Carbon, with the atomic number 6, has 6 protons in its nucleus and is a fundamental element in all living organisms. Its ability to form stable bonds with many elements, including itself, makes it unique in the chemistry of life. Carbon can form chains, rings, and complex structures that constitute the backbone of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. It is a key component in processes like cellular respiration and photosynthesis, and is central to organic chemistry.

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  • 21. 
    - ProProfs

    • 79

    • 196.97

    • 19.3

    • 1064

    Correct Answer
    A. 196.97
    Explanation
    The atomic mass of gold (symbol Au) is 196.97 atomic mass units (amu). This value represents the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of gold, primarily gold-197, which has a relative abundance of nearly 100%. The atomic mass is based on the standard atomic weight scale, where the carbon-12 isotope is assigned a value of exactly 12 amu.

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  • 22. 
    - ProProfs

    • 32

    • 16

    • 34

    • 12

    Correct Answer
    A. 16
    Explanation
    Sulfur, with an atomic number of 16, has 16 protons in its nucleus and is the 16th element on the periodic table. It typically has 16 electrons as well, making it electrically neutral. Sulfur is a nonmetal found in Group 16 (chalcogens) and often occurs in nature as elemental sulfur or in compounds like sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). It is essential for life, forming part of amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, vitamins, and coenzymes.

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  • 23. 
    - ProProfs

    • Valence electrons

    • Protons

    • Neutrons

    • Electrons

    Correct Answer
    A. Valence electrons
  • 24. 
    - ProProfs

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    This atom has 1 outermost electron.

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  • 25. 
    - ProProfs

    • Columns

    • Periods

    • Groups

    • Layers

    Correct Answer
    A. Periods
    Explanation
    Periods, or rows, run horizontally across the periodic table. Each period represents a series of elements that have the same principal quantum number (n) for their outermost electron shell. Moving from left to right across a period, the atomic number increases, meaning each subsequent element has one more proton in its nucleus and one more electron in its electron shell. There are seven periods on the modern periodic table.

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  • 26. 
    - ProProfs

    • Molecule

    • Atom

    • Compound

    • Element

    Correct Answer
    A. Atom
    Explanation
    Atoms are the smallest units of matter that maintain the elemental characteristics of an element. Each atom consists of a nucleus containing positively charged protons and neutral neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons in orbitals or energy levels. The number of protons in the nucleus, known as the atomic number, defines the element and its properties.

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  • 27. 
    - ProProfs

    • Atom

    • Molecule

    • Compound

    Correct Answer
    A. Compound
    Explanation
    Each element on the periodic table is a different compound.

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  • 28. 
    - ProProfs

    • Two or more different atoms bonded together

    • Two or more atoms bonded together

    Correct Answer
    A. Two or more atoms bonded together
    Explanation
    Atoms bonded together form a molecule, even if they are of the same element. A molecule is defined as two or more atoms chemically bonded together, and this can include atoms of the same element or different elements.

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  • 29. 
    - ProProfs

    • Helium

    • Boron

    • Oxygen

    • Argon

    Correct Answer
    A. Argon
    Explanation
    An atom with 18 electrons is electrically neutral if it also has 18 protons, which makes it an atom of argon (symbol Ar), the noble gas with atomic number 18. Argon belongs to Group 18 on the periodic table, meaning it has a complete outer electron shell with 8 valence electrons. This electron configuration makes argon chemically inert, or unreactive, under normal conditions.

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  • 30. 
    - ProProfs

    • 50 a.m.u

    • 108 a.m.u.

    • 36 a.m.u.

    • 72.37 a.m.u

    Correct Answer
    A. 72.37 a.m.u
    Explanation
    The mass of magnesium sulfate (MgSO) can be calculated by summing the atomic masses of its constituent elements:
    Magnesium (Mg): 24.3 amu
    Sulfur (S): 32.07 amu
    Oxygen (O): 16 amu 
    Total mass of MgSO₄:
    24.3+32.07+16=72.37 amu

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  • 31. 
    - ProProfs

    • Atom

    • Element

    • Molecule

    • Compound

    Correct Answer
    A. Molecule
    Explanation
    Molecules are the smallest units of compounds that retain the chemical properties of those compounds. A molecule is formed when two or more atoms of the same or different elements are chemically bonded together. For instance, a water molecule (H₂O) is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom covalently bonded. Regardless of the source, each water molecule exhibits the same chemical properties, such as polarity and the ability to dissolve ionic compounds, that are characteristic of water as a compound.

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  • 32. 
    - ProProfs

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    • 5

    Correct Answer
    A. 3
    Explanation
    Atoms in Group 15 (Group V of the old IUPAC system) can gain three electrons to form a stable octet. This group includes elements like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi).

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  • 33. 
    - ProProfs

    • Compound

    • Molecule

    • Atom

    • Element

    Correct Answer
    A. Atom
    Explanation
    Atoms are the smallest units of an element that retain the chemical properties of that element. They consist of a nucleus containing positively charged protons and neutral neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons in energy levels or shells. The number of protons (atomic number) defines the element, while the arrangement of electrons determines the element's chemical behavior. For example, a gold atom (Au) with 79 protons remains gold even if divided down to a single atom, but breaking it further would reveal subatomic particles that no longer possess the properties of gold.

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  • 34. 
    - ProProfs

    • Orbitals

    • Energy levels

    • Pools

    • Both A & B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A & B
    Explanation
    Energy levels, also known as electron shells, are composed of orbitals. An orbital is a region of space around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found. Each energy level can contain multiple orbitals of different shapes and energies.

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Zohra Sattar Waxali |PhD (Chemistry) |
Chemistry
Dr. Zohra Sattar Waxali earned her doctorate in chemistry and biochemistry from Northwestern University, specializing in the metallomes of cardiac cells and stem cells, and their impact on biological function. Her research encompasses the development of arsenoplatin chemotherapeutics, stapled peptide estrogen receptor inhibitors, and antimicrobial natural products.

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  • May 10, 2024
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  • May 27, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Sciencerules
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