Pediatric Hematology

2.

Iron deficiency anemia is caused by

Inadequate supply of Iron
Genetics
Excessive hydration
Vitamin C reabsorption

Correct Answer

A. Inadequate supply of Iron

Explanation

Iron deficiency anemia is caused by an inadequate supply of iron. Iron is an essential mineral required for the production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. When there is a lack of iron in the diet or the body is unable to absorb iron properly, it leads to a decrease in the production of hemoglobin, resulting in iron deficiency anemia. This condition can be caused by various factors such as poor dietary intake, malabsorption disorders, or chronic blood loss.

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3.

HIV primarily affects

Beta cells
RBC's
Cardiac output
CD4 T-lymphocytes

Correct Answer

A. CD4 T-lymphocytes

Explanation

HIV primarily affects CD4 T-lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cells that play a crucial role in the immune system. The virus targets these cells and enters them, using them as a host to replicate and spread throughout the body. As the virus replicates, it destroys CD4 T-lymphocytes, weakening the immune system and making the body more susceptible to infections and diseases. This is why CD4 T-lymphocyte count is used as a measure of the progression of HIV infection and the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy.

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4.

A patient with HIV enters the clinic complaining of a recurrent bacterial infection, loss in weight, and chest pain. The nurse knows the patient in enduring signs and symptoms of:

Secondary infection involving eosinophils
Acquired immuno-deficeincy syndrome
Mononucleosis
Cardiac failure

Correct Answer

A. Acquired immuno-deficeincy syndrome

Explanation

These are AIDS defining conditions.

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5.

Clinical manifestations of HIV include:

Increased cardiac output
Decrease in kidney function
Pnemocystitis Carinii
Decrease size in spleen due to lack of blood supply

Correct Answer

A. Pnemocystitis Carinii

Explanation

Pneumocystis carinii is a common opportunistic infection seen in individuals with HIV. It is caused by a fungal organism called Pneumocystis jirovecii. This infection primarily affects the lungs and can cause symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and fever. It is an important clinical manifestation of HIV because it typically occurs in individuals with a weakened immune system, making it a significant marker of disease progression. The other options listed, such as increased cardiac output, decreased kidney function, and decreased size of the spleen, are not directly associated with HIV infection.

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6.

Diagnostics in HIV in children includes a/n

Correct Answer
ELISA
Eastern blot test
CBC

Explanation
Diagnostics in HIV in children includes ELISA, Eastern blot test, and CBC. ELISA is a commonly used test to detect HIV antibodies in the blood. The Eastern blot test is a more specific test that helps in confirming the presence of HIV antibodies. CBC (Complete Blood Count) is a routine blood test that provides information about the overall health of the child, including the levels of different blood cells. These three tests are important in diagnosing HIV in children and monitoring the progression of the disease.

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Pediatric Hematology

The functionof hemoglobin is

Quiz Preview

Iron deficiency anemia is caused by

HIV primarily affects

A patient with HIV enters the clinic complaining of a recurrent bacterial infection, loss in weight, and chest pain. The nurse knows the patient in enduring signs and symptoms of:

Clinical manifestations of HIV include:

Diagnostics in HIV in children includes a/n