Patient care Skills Part 1

When inserting a Foley catheter, a sterile technique is used. This means that strict sterile precautions are followed to minimize the risk of introducing any microorganisms into the urinary tract. Sterile gloves, sterile equipment, and a sterile field are used to maintain asepsis during the procedure. This helps to prevent infections and complications in the patient.

The correct answer is contact, droplet, airborne, common vehicle, vector-borne. These are the five methods of transmission for diseases. Contact transmission occurs when there is direct physical contact with an infected person or their bodily fluids. Droplet transmission happens when respiratory droplets containing the infectious agent are expelled through coughing or sneezing. Airborne transmission occurs when infectious agents are suspended in the air and can be inhaled. Common vehicle transmission refers to the spread of disease through contaminated food, water, or other objects. Vector-borne transmission involves the transfer of diseases through vectors like mosquitoes or ticks.

The correct answer explains the difference between Standard (universal) precautions and Transmission-based precautions. It states that Standard precautions are used on all patients, regardless of diagnosis, and involve practices such as washing hands. On the other hand, Transmission-based precautions go above and beyond Standard precautions and involve the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves.

The correct answer is "Agent, reservoir, portal of exit, portal of entry, mode of transportation, susceptible host". In the chain of infection, the agent refers to the pathogen or infectious microorganism that causes the disease. The reservoir is the source or environment where the pathogen can survive and multiply. The portal of exit is the route through which the pathogen leaves the reservoir. The portal of entry is the route through which the pathogen enters the susceptible host. The mode of transportation is the means by which the pathogen is transmitted from the reservoir to the susceptible host. The susceptible host is an individual who is at risk of developing the infection.

Medical asepsis refers to the practice of reducing the number of microorganisms and preventing their spread, whereas surgical asepsis involves maintaining a completely sterile environment to prevent any introduction of microorganisms during surgical procedures. In medical asepsis, cleanliness is emphasized, such as handwashing and using disinfectants, while surgical asepsis requires sterile techniques, such as wearing sterile gloves and using sterile instruments. Therefore, the difference between medical and surgical asepsis lies in the level of cleanliness and sterility required in each practice.

When a patient is having a seizure, the first priority is to protect the patient from injury. Seizures can cause uncontrolled movements and loss of consciousness, which can put the patient at risk of falling or hitting objects around them. By ensuring the patient's safety, such as removing nearby objects that may cause harm or placing padding around them, the risk of injury can be minimized. Assessing skin color and respirations, getting another nurse, or using the call bell and getting help are important actions, but they should be done after ensuring the patient's safety.

supporting leg with pillow helps venous return and helps edema. Amputies are placed flat on bed to reduce hip contracture as well

Gloves are used when there is a possibility of coming into contact with body fluids while taking care of a patient. This is important to prevent the transmission of infections and diseases. Wearing gloves provides a barrier between the healthcare worker and the patient's bodily fluids, reducing the risk of contamination. It is a standard precautionary measure followed in healthcare settings to ensure the safety of both the healthcare worker and the patient.

When assessing restrained patients, it is important to assess their LOC (Level of Consciousness) and behavior to determine their mental status and any changes in their cognitive function. Additionally, assessing circulation is necessary to check for any signs of impaired blood flow or circulation problems. Evaluating the skin condition is important to identify any signs of skin breakdown or pressure ulcers. Assessing fluid and electrolyte levels is essential to monitor hydration status and electrolyte imbalances. Lastly, it is important to determine if the patient needs to go to the bathroom and assess vital signs to monitor their overall physiological status.

Airborne transmission refers to the spread of infectious agents through small particles that can remain suspended in the air and travel long distances. These particles are smaller in size, allowing them to stay airborne for extended periods and potentially infect individuals who are farther away from the source. On the other hand, droplet transmission occurs when larger respiratory droplets containing infectious agents are expelled from an infected person and can only travel short distances before falling to the ground.

When performing nail care on a diabetic patient, it is important to exercise caution to avoid any injuries or infections. Cutting the nails can potentially cause cuts or wounds that may take longer to heal in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is recommended to file the nails instead of cutting them to reduce the risk of injury. Additionally, applying lotion on the feet helps to moisturize the dry skin, which is common in diabetic patients. This helps to prevent cracking and potential complications.

The correct answer is "Every 15 minutes up to 2 hours, depending on the restraint." When a client has hand restraints, it is important to regularly assess their condition and well-being. Assessing the patient every 15 minutes allows the nurse to monitor their comfort, circulation, and any signs of distress or injury. The frequency may be extended to every 2 hours if the restraint is secure and the patient is stable. This approach ensures that the patient's safety and comfort are maintained while minimizing the risk of complications associated with restraints.

Restraints should be tied to the bed frame because it provides a sturdy and secure anchor point. Attaching restraints to the bed frame ensures that they will not easily come loose or detach during use, which is crucial for the safety and well-being of the person being restrained. Tying restraints to the bed rails may not be as secure, as bed rails are typically designed for support and stability rather than for anchoring restraints.

If you get sick from standing less than 3 feet away from a patient with the flu, the likely method of transportation for the virus is through droplet transmission. Droplet transmission occurs when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, releasing respiratory droplets that contain the virus. These droplets can travel a short distance and can infect others nearby through direct contact with the eyes, nose, or mouth. Therefore, being in close proximity to the patient puts you at risk of inhaling these droplets and getting sick.

The flu is transmitted through droplet transmission. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, respiratory droplets containing the flu virus are expelled into the air. These droplets can then be inhaled by nearby individuals, leading to the transmission of the flu. This method of transmission is why it is important to practice good respiratory hygiene, such as covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, to prevent the spread of the flu.

Restraints should only be used as a last resort because they can be restrictive and potentially harmful to the patient. It is important to exhaust all other options and interventions before resorting to restraints. Restraints should only be used when the patient's behavior poses an immediate threat to their safety or the safety of others, and all other less restrictive measures have been attempted and proven ineffective. The use of restraints should always be carefully considered and closely monitored to ensure the patient's well-being and dignity are preserved.

Massaging the calves of a patient with DVT can potentially dislodge blood clots and worsen the condition. Therefore, it is important to prioritize the patient's safety and follow medical guidelines. Giving the patient medication to manage the pain and not massaging the calves is the appropriate course of action in this scenario.

When providing bath care to a patient with a cast on his left arm, it is important to remove the gown from the right arm first. This is because the right arm is not restricted by the cast and can be easily moved and manipulated. By removing the gown from the right arm first, it allows for better access to clean and care for the arm. Once the right arm is taken care of, the gown can then be replaced on the left arm, which is still restricted by the cast.

The abbreviation SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. This acronym is commonly used in healthcare settings to provide a structured and concise way of communicating important information about a patient's condition. The situation refers to the current status or issue at hand, the background provides relevant contextual information, the assessment involves the healthcare professional's evaluation of the situation, and the recommendation suggests a course of action or treatment plan. This communication tool helps ensure clear and effective communication among healthcare providers, promoting patient safety and quality of care.

In the case of a patient with TB, they will be placed in a negative airflow room. This means that the air inside the room is constantly being pulled out, creating a lower pressure environment compared to the surrounding areas. This helps to prevent the spread of airborne particles from the room to other areas. The air flows into the room to replace the air that is being removed, maintaining the negative pressure and ensuring that any infectious particles are contained within the room.

This answer is correct because reactive hyperemia refers to the temporary increase in blood flow to an area after it has been compressed or restricted. In this case, when the red patch on the patient's coxyx is pushed, it turns white due to the temporary reduction in blood flow, and then returns to red as blood flow is restored. This is a normal physiological response and is not indicative of any abnormality or pathology.