Patho- Skin Contact Dermatitis
Contact dermatitis
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is caused by exposure to an allergen or by direct chemical or mechanical irritation of the skin followed by a subsequent exposure rash?
- A.
Contact dermatitis
- B.
Scleroderma
Correct Answer
A. Contact dermatitisExplanation
Contact dermatitis is caused by exposure to an allergen or by direct chemical or mechanical irritation of the skin followed by a subsequent exposure. It is characterized by a rash on the skin, which can be itchy, red, and inflamed. This condition occurs when the immune system reacts to a substance that it considers harmful, leading to an allergic reaction or irritation on the skin. Common triggers for contact dermatitis include certain metals, cosmetics, fragrances, latex, and certain plants like poison ivy.Rate this question:
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- 2.
- A.
Sarcoidosis
- B.
Contact dermatitis
Correct Answer
B. Contact dermatitis -
- 3.
T/f Freckle's increased pigmentatin is in the basal layer of the epidermis
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Freckles are small, flat, brown spots that appear on the skin. They are caused by an increased production of melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. This increased pigmentation occurs in the basal layer of the epidermis, which is the deepest layer of the skin. Therefore, the statement that freckles' increased pigmentation is in the basal layer of the epidermis is true.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Neyvoytic Nevus aka _____________ is composed of nevus cells and melanocytes
- A.
Dont know
- B.
Dont know
Correct Answer
A. Dont know -
- 5.
Patriotic lesions are more indicative of melanoma? T/F
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Patriotic lesions, also known as flag sign lesions, are a characteristic feature of melanoma. These lesions exhibit different colors, typically red, white, and blue, resembling a flag. This unique color pattern is due to the presence of melanin, blood vessels, and collagen within the lesion. Therefore, the statement that patriotic lesions are more indicative of melanoma is true.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What are the three types of benign nevi?
- A.
Intradermal nevus, junctional nevus, compound nevus
- B.
Intradermal nevus, extradermal nevus, compound nevus
Correct Answer
A. Intradermal nevus, junctional nevus, compound nevusExplanation
The three types of benign nevi are intradermal nevus, junctional nevus, and compound nevus.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What type of nevi contains melanin and are arranged in nests in the lower epidermis and sometimes the lower dermis
- A.
Compound nevus
- B.
Intradermal nevus
- C.
Extradermal nevus
- D.
Junctional nevus
Correct Answer
D. Junctional nevusExplanation
Junctional nevi are a type of nevi that contain melanin and are arranged in nests in the lower epidermis and sometimes the lower dermis. Compound nevi are characterized by nests of melanocytes in both the epidermis and dermis. Intradermal nevi are composed of nests of melanocytes located solely in the dermis. Extradermal nevi do not exist. Therefore, the correct answer is junctional nevus.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which nevus possesses features of both junctional and intraepidermal nevi, being present in both the dermis and epidermis, but usually predominates in the dermis?
- A.
Compound nevus
- B.
Junctional nevus
Correct Answer
A. Compound nevusExplanation
A compound nevus possesses features of both junctional and intraepidermal nevi, meaning it is present in both the dermis and epidermis. However, it usually predominates in the dermis.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A mole that presents with flat macules or slightly raised plaques, can be red or blue. These often show variability in pigmentation and borders that are irregular in contour. They have a tendency to occur on non-sunexposed as well as sun-exposed surfaces.
- A.
Malignant nevus
- B.
Dysplastic nevus (pre-cancerous)
- C.
Nevocytic nevus
- D.
Junctional nevus
Correct Answer
B. Dysplastic nevus (pre-cancerous)Explanation
The given description of a mole that presents with flat macules or slightly raised plaques, variable pigmentation, irregular borders, and occurs on both sun-exposed and non-sunexposed surfaces is consistent with a dysplastic nevus. Dysplastic nevi are considered pre-cancerous and have the potential to develop into melanoma. Therefore, the correct answer is Dysplastic nevus (pre-cancerous).Rate this question:
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- 10.
- A.
Malignant melanoma
- B.
Dysplastic nevus
Correct Answer
B. Dysplastic nevus -
- 11.
What is hitologically characterized by nevus cell nests within the epidermis, bridgning into
- A.
Malignant melanoma
- B.
Dysplastic nevus
Correct Answer
B. Dysplastic nevusExplanation
A dysplastic nevus is histologically characterized by nevus cell nests within the epidermis that bridge into malignant melanoma. This means that dysplastic nevi, also known as atypical moles, have abnormal cell growth and can potentially progress to become malignant melanomas. The presence of nevus cell nests within the epidermis that bridge into malignant melanoma is a key feature of dysplastic nevi, distinguishing them from regular moles.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What cells cause malignant melanoma?
- A.
Melanocytes
- B.
Dk
Correct Answer
A. MelanocytesExplanation
Melanocytes are the cells that cause malignant melanoma. Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops from the pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. These cells are responsible for producing melanin, which gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. When melanocytes become cancerous and start to grow uncontrollably, they can form tumors and spread to other parts of the body, leading to malignant melanoma.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What are the four types of malignanat melanoma?
- A.
Superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, lentigo maliga melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma
- B.
Deep spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, lentigo mealga melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma
Correct Answer
A. Superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, lentigo maliga melanoma, acral lentiginous melanomaExplanation
The correct answer is Superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, lentigo maliga melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma. These are the four types of malignant melanoma. Superficial spreading melanoma is the most common type and starts as a flat, irregularly shaped lesion. Nodular melanoma is an aggressive form that grows quickly and can appear as a raised bump. Lentigo maligna melanoma typically occurs in older individuals and develops from a preexisting lentigo maligna. Acral lentiginous melanoma is found on the palms, soles, or under the nails and is more common in people with darker skin.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is most common melanoma types?
- A.
Lentigo maligna melanoma
- B.
Superficial and nodular
Correct Answer
B. Superficial and nodularExplanation
The most common types of melanoma are superficial and nodular. Superficial melanoma typically starts as a flat, discolored patch on the skin and slowly grows over time. Nodular melanoma, on the other hand, appears as a raised bump and tends to grow more rapidly. These two types account for a majority of melanoma cases and are important to identify early for effective treatment.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What parts of the body is superficial melanoma most common?
- A.
Legs, shoulders, and upper back
- B.
Forehead, cheeks, and shoulders
Correct Answer
A. Legs, shoulders, and upper backExplanation
Superficial melanoma is most commonly found on the legs, shoulders, and upper back. This type of melanoma develops in the top layer of the skin and is often caused by exposure to UV radiation from the sun. These areas of the body are more likely to be exposed to the sun's rays, making them susceptible to developing superficial melanoma. It is important to protect these areas by wearing sunscreen and protective clothing to reduce the risk of developing this type of skin cancer.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What are the shapes and colors of superficial spreading melanoma?
- A.
Flat, macules or slighlty raised plaques with pebbly surface, larger than most nevi
- B.
Slighlty elevated, variably colored , and with a palpable border and shades of browns with pink or light blue tints
Correct Answer
B. Slighlty elevated, variably colored , and with a palpable border and shades of browns with pink or light blue tintsExplanation
Superficial spreading melanoma is characterized by slightly elevated lesions with variable colors and a palpable border. These lesions may exhibit shades of browns with pink or light blue tints. This description suggests that the melanoma is not flat or macular, but rather slightly raised. Additionally, the presence of a palpable border and the variation in color are key features that differentiate superficial spreading melanoma from other skin lesions.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What features do matter when looking at a mole?
- A.
Dense in middle opposed to outer layer
- B.
Need more info
Correct Answer
A. Dense in middle opposed to outer layerExplanation
The correct answer suggests that when looking at a mole, the density in the middle is important in comparison to the outer layer. This implies that the concentration or distribution of cells or pigmentation within the mole is significant in determining its characteristics. However, without further information, it is difficult to provide a more detailed explanation or context for this answer.Rate this question:
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- 18.
(T/F) Does nodular melanoma form elevated nodules that develop a radial growth phase
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Nodular melanoma is a type of melanoma that does not develop a radial growth phase. Unlike other types of melanoma, nodular melanoma grows vertically, forming elevated nodules. It is considered aggressive and has a higher risk of metastasis compared to other types of melanoma. Therefore, the correct answer is false.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What nevus is histologically composed of one or more nodules of cells that expand into the dermis (vertical growth phase from the start)?
- A.
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
- B.
Nodular Melanoma
- C.
Lentigo malignant melanoma
- D.
Acral Lentinous Melanoma
Correct Answer
B. Nodular MelanomaExplanation
Nodular Melanoma is the correct answer because it is histologically composed of one or more nodules of cells that expand into the dermis. This type of melanoma grows vertically from the start, which is different from other types of melanoma that may have a radial growth phase before becoming invasive. Superficial Spreading Melanoma, Lentigo Maligna Melanoma, and Acral Lentiginous Melanoma do not exhibit the same histological features as Nodular Melanoma.Rate this question:
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- 20.
- A.
Superficial spreading melanoma
- B.
Lentigo maligna melanoma
- C.
Nodular melanoma
- D.
Acral Lentiginous melanoma
Correct Answer
C. Nodular melanoma -
- 21.
What type of Melanoma occurs in older people in sun-damaged skin and presents as a pigmented patch?
- A.
Nodular melanoma
- B.
Lentigo Maligna Melanoma
- C.
Superficial spreading melanoma
- D.
Acral lentigionous melanoma
Correct Answer
B. Lentigo Maligna MelanomaExplanation
Lentigo Maligna Melanoma is the correct answer because it is a type of melanoma that typically occurs in older individuals with sun-damaged skin. It presents as a pigmented patch, which is consistent with the description given in the question. Nodular melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, and acral lentigionous melanoma do not specifically match the characteristics mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What melanoma is often seen underneth the nailbed and most common in dark-skinned individuals and is limited to the palms, soles, and subungual regions forming a brown to black patch.
- A.
Nodular melanoma
- B.
Acral-lentginous melanoma
- C.
Lentigo maligna melanoma
- D.
Superficial spreading melanoma
Correct Answer
B. Acral-lentginous melanomaExplanation
Acral-lentiginous melanoma is the correct answer because it is a type of melanoma that is often seen under the nailbed and is most common in dark-skinned individuals. It is also limited to the palms, soles, and subungual regions, forming a brown to black patch. This type of melanoma typically presents as a flat or slightly elevated lesion with irregular borders and variable colors. It is important to recognize and diagnose acral-lentiginous melanoma early, as it can be aggressive and have a poorer prognosis compared to other types of melanoma.Rate this question:
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- 23.
- A.
Nodular melanoma
- B.
Superficial spreading
- C.
Acral-lentiginous melanoma- Radial growth
- D.
Lentigo-Maligna Melanoma
Correct Answer
C. Acral-lentiginous melanoma- Radial growth -
- 24.
There are five levels of invasion:
- A.
One
- B.
Two
Correct Answer
A. OneExplanation
The given answer "one" is the correct answer because the question states that there are five levels of invasion, and the answer "one" is the first level of invasion.Rate this question:
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- 25.
What type of melanoma has the most aggressive variant?
- A.
Nodular
- B.
Superficial
Correct Answer
A. NodularExplanation
Nodular melanoma is the type of melanoma that has the most aggressive variant. Nodular melanoma is characterized by its rapid growth, lack of pigmentation, and tendency to invade deeper layers of the skin. It is often diagnosed at a later stage and has a higher likelihood of spreading to other parts of the body. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with nodular melanoma.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Of the five levels of invasion, the prognosis is the best for the first ____________?
- A.
One
- B.
Two
- C.
Three
Correct Answer
C. ThreeExplanation
The prognosis is the best for the first level of invasion. This is because at this stage, the cancer cells are limited to the primary site and have not spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs. Treatment options are usually more effective and the chances of successful treatment and long-term survival are higher compared to higher levels of invasion.Rate this question:
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