Paramedic Quiz 2 - 45 Mins - EMT-p

1. Your patient is unconscious and in apparent respiratory distress. The permission to treat her is given by the concept of:

Actual consent

Implied consent

Applied consent

Replied consent

Implied consent refers to the assumption that a patient would give consent for treatment if they were able to do so. In emergency situations where a patient is unconscious or unable to communicate, healthcare providers can proceed with necessary treatment based on the understanding that the patient would want to be treated to alleviate their distress. This concept allows medical professionals to act in the best interest of the patient without explicit consent, ensuring prompt and potentially life-saving interventions.

Explanation

Implied consent refers to the assumption that a patient would give consent for treatment if they were able to do so. In emergency situations where a patient is unconscious or unable to communicate, healthcare providers can proceed with necessary treatment based on the understanding that the patient would want to be treated to alleviate their distress. This concept allows medical professionals to act in the best interest of the patient without explicit consent, ensuring prompt and potentially life-saving interventions.

2. What is the most common adverse side effect of IV push valium?

Increased urine output

Seizures

Hypertension

Respiratory depression

The most common adverse side effect of IV push valium is respiratory depression. Valium is a benzodiazepine medication that acts as a central nervous system depressant. It can cause a decrease in respiratory rate and depth, leading to respiratory depression. This side effect is particularly common when valium is administered intravenously, as it rapidly enters the bloodstream and has a more potent effect. It is important to monitor patients closely for signs of respiratory depression when administering valium intravenously.

Explanation

The most common adverse side effect of IV push valium is respiratory depression. Valium is a benzodiazepine medication that acts as a central nervous system depressant. It can cause a decrease in respiratory rate and depth, leading to respiratory depression. This side effect is particularly common when valium is administered intravenously, as it rapidly enters the bloodstream and has a more potent effect. It is important to monitor patients closely for signs of respiratory depression when administering valium intravenously.

3. A 23 year old male has a history of seizures. You find him having recurrent seizures without return to consciousness. His color is poor and he is suffering arrythmias. He is suffering from:

Focal motor seizures

Grand mal seizures

Petit male seizures

Status epilepticus

Based on the given information, the 23-year-old male is experiencing recurrent seizures without returning to consciousness, poor color, and arrhythmias. These symptoms indicate a medical emergency known as status epilepticus. Status epilepticus refers to a prolonged seizure or a series of seizures without recovery in between. It is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Therefore, the correct answer is status epilepticus.

Explanation

Based on the given information, the 23-year-old male is experiencing recurrent seizures without returning to consciousness, poor color, and arrhythmias. These symptoms indicate a medical emergency known as status epilepticus. Status epilepticus refers to a prolonged seizure or a series of seizures without recovery in between. It is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Therefore, the correct answer is status epilepticus.

4. Which of the following is one of the earliest signs of hypoxia:

Thirst

Restlessness

Cyanosis

Weak and rapid pulse

Restlessness is one of the earliest signs of hypoxia because when the body is deprived of oxygen, it triggers a stress response. This can manifest as restlessness, anxiety, and agitation as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen. Restlessness is a common symptom of hypoxia and can be an important indicator that immediate medical attention is needed to address the underlying cause of oxygen deprivation.

Explanation

Restlessness is one of the earliest signs of hypoxia because when the body is deprived of oxygen, it triggers a stress response. This can manifest as restlessness, anxiety, and agitation as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen. Restlessness is a common symptom of hypoxia and can be an important indicator that immediate medical attention is needed to address the underlying cause of oxygen deprivation.

5. Which of the following is NOT a method of tranmission of the hepatitis virus?

Saliva

Sexual contact

Blood

Feces

Saliva is not a method of transmission of the hepatitis virus because the virus is not present in saliva. Hepatitis viruses are primarily transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and feces. Saliva may contain other infectious agents, but it is not a known route of transmission for hepatitis.

Explanation

Saliva is not a method of transmission of the hepatitis virus because the virus is not present in saliva. Hepatitis viruses are primarily transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and feces. Saliva may contain other infectious agents, but it is not a known route of transmission for hepatitis.

6. Aminophyline may be given in a dosage range of ______ and it's main action is________?

250-500 mg slowly; bronchial dilation

300 mg slowly; increased cardiac output

250-500 mg rapidly; bronchial dilation

500 mg rapidly; decreased urinary output

Aminophylline is a medication that is used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is given in a dosage range of 250-500 mg slowly because a slow administration helps to prevent adverse effects such as rapid heart rate and nausea. The main action of aminophylline is bronchial dilation, which helps to relax the muscles in the airways and improve breathing.

Explanation

Aminophylline is a medication that is used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is given in a dosage range of 250-500 mg slowly because a slow administration helps to prevent adverse effects such as rapid heart rate and nausea. The main action of aminophylline is bronchial dilation, which helps to relax the muscles in the airways and improve breathing.

7. Which structure is located in the mediastinum?

Alveoli

Bronchiols

Trachea

All of the above

The trachea is located in the mediastinum. The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, which is located between the lungs. It contains various structures including the heart, great vessels, esophagus, lymph nodes, and the trachea. The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube-like structure that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It allows air to pass in and out of the lungs. Therefore, out of the given options, the trachea is the structure that is located in the mediastinum.

Explanation

The trachea is located in the mediastinum. The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, which is located between the lungs. It contains various structures including the heart, great vessels, esophagus, lymph nodes, and the trachea. The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a tube-like structure that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It allows air to pass in and out of the lungs. Therefore, out of the given options, the trachea is the structure that is located in the mediastinum.

8. A deviation from the accepted standards of care is called:

Malpractice

Negligence

Abandonment

Incompetence

Negligence refers to a deviation from the accepted standards of care. It occurs when a person fails to exercise reasonable care, resulting in harm or injury to another person. In the context of healthcare, negligence can occur when a healthcare professional fails to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent professional would provide in similar circumstances. This can include errors in diagnosis, treatment, or communication with the patient. Negligence is a legal concept and can lead to legal consequences, such as lawsuits or disciplinary actions against the healthcare professional.

Explanation

Negligence refers to a deviation from the accepted standards of care. It occurs when a person fails to exercise reasonable care, resulting in harm or injury to another person. In the context of healthcare, negligence can occur when a healthcare professional fails to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent professional would provide in similar circumstances. This can include errors in diagnosis, treatment, or communication with the patient. Negligence is a legal concept and can lead to legal consequences, such as lawsuits or disciplinary actions against the healthcare professional.

9. What device transmits specific tones that other receivers will recognize?

Repeater

Modulator

Encoder

Transponder

An encoder is a device that transmits specific tones that other receivers will recognize. It converts information from one format to another, such as converting digital signals into analog signals or vice versa. In this case, the encoder is transmitting specific tones that can be recognized by other receivers, allowing for effective communication between devices.

Explanation

An encoder is a device that transmits specific tones that other receivers will recognize. It converts information from one format to another, such as converting digital signals into analog signals or vice versa. In this case, the encoder is transmitting specific tones that can be recognized by other receivers, allowing for effective communication between devices.