P20a Likely1
- 1.
In the liver, amino acids are used to produce complex molecules by means of:
- A.
A. glycogenesis
- B.
B. anabolic processes
- C.
C. catabolic processes
- D.
D. autodigestion
Correct Answer
B. B. anabolic processes -
- 2.
Which of the following cells in the gastric mucosa produce intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid?
- A.
A. parietal cells
- B.
B. chief cells
- C.
C. mucous cells
- D.
D. gastrin cells
Correct Answer
A. A. parietal cells -
- 3.
Which of the following is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?
- A.
A. stomach
- B.
B. duodenum
- C.
C. ileum
- D.
D. ascending colon
Correct Answer
C. C. ileum -
- 4.
When highly acidic chyme enters the duodenum, which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic secretions that contains very high bicarbonate ion content?
- A.
A. gastrin
- B.
B. secretin
- C.
C. cholecystokinin
- D.
D. histamine
Correct Answer
B. B. secretin -
- 5.
Which of the following breaks protein down into peptides?
- A.
A. amylase
- B.
B. peptidase
- C.
C. lactase
- D.
D. trypsin
Correct Answer
D. D. trypsin -
- 6.
In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure?
- A.
A. pancreas
- B.
B. liver
- C.
C. small intestine
- D.
D. spleen
Correct Answer
B. B. liver -
- 7.
Which of the following stimulates increased peristalsis and secretions in the digestive tract?
- A.
A. sympathetic nervous system
- B.
B. vagus nerve
- C.
C. increased saliva
- D.
D. absence of food in the system
Correct Answer
B. B. vagus nerve -
- 8.
Which of the following is contained in pancreatic exocrine secretions?
- A.
A. bicarbonate ion
- B.
B. hydrochloric acid
- C.
C. activated digestive enzymes
- D.
D. insulin
Correct Answer
A. A. bicarbonate ion -
- 9.
An alkaline environment is required in the duodenum to:
- A.
A. activate pepsinogen
- B.
B. activate intestinal and pancreatic enzymes
- C.
C. activate bile salts
- D.
D. produce mucus
Correct Answer
B. B. activate intestinal and pancreatic enzymes -
- 10.
Which of the following processes is likely to occur in the body immediately after a meal?
- A.
A. lipolysis
- B.
B. ketogenesis
- C.
C. gluconeogenesis
- D.
D. glycogenesis
Correct Answer
D. D. glycogenesis -
- 11.
What does the term gluconeogenesis refer to?
- A.
A. breakdown of glycogen to produce glucose
- B.
B. conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage
- C.
C. formation of glucose from protein and fat
- D.
D. breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water
Correct Answer
C. C. formation of glucose from protein and fat -
- 12.
The early stage of vomiting causes:
- A.
A. metabolic alkalosis
- B.
B. metabolic acidosis
- C.
C. increased respirations
- D.
D. increased excretion of hydrogen ions
Correct Answer
A. A. metabolic alkalosis -
- 13.
Prolonged vomiting cause a state of acidosis due to:
- A.
A. catabolism of proteins and lipids
- B.
B. continued loss of gastric secretions
- C.
C. loss of pancreatic enzymes
- D.
D. retention of sodium ions and water
Correct Answer
A. A. catabolism of proteins and lipids -
- 14.
What is the first change in arterial blood gases with diarrhea?
- A.
A. increased bicarbonate ion
- B.
B. decreased bicarbonate ion
- C.
C. increased carbonic acid
- D.
D. increased serum pH
Correct Answer
B. B. decreased bicarbonate ion -
- 15.
Dehydration causes acidosis because of increased:
- A.
A. ketones produced
- B.
B. CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys
- C.
C. hypovolemia and lactic acid production
- D.
D. metabolic rate
Correct Answer
C. C. hypovolemia and lactic acid production -
- 16.
Following gastric resection, the onset of nausea, cramps, and dizziness immediately after meals indicates:
- A.
A. a large volume of chyme has entered the intestines, causing distention
- B.
B. severe hypoglycemia has developed
- C.
C. the pylorus is restricting the flow of chyme
- D.
D. bile and pancreatic secretions are irritating the small intestine
Correct Answer
A. A. a large volume of chyme has entered the intestines, causing distention -
- 17.
Which of the following is/are (a) manifestation(s) of hemolytic jaundice?
- A.
A. increased unconjugated bilirubin in the blood
- B.
B. increased bleeding tendencies
- C.
C. pale stool and dark urine
- D.
D. elevated liver enzymes in the blood
Correct Answer
A. A. increased unconjugated bilirubin in the blood -
- 18.
Why does mild hyperbilirubinemia occur in newborns?
- A.
A. blood incompatibility between mother and child
- B.
B. there is damage to many erythrocytes during the birth process
- C.
C. poor circulation and albumin transport for bilirubin
- D.
D. the immature liver cannot process bilirubin quickly enough
Correct Answer
D. D. the immature liver cannot process bilirubin quickly enough -
- 19.
What is the major effect when a gallstone obstructs the cystic duct?
- A.
A. intrahepatic jaundice
- B.
B. acute pancreatitis
- C.
C. severe colicky pain in upper right quadrant
- D.
D. inflammation and infection in the gall bladder
Correct Answer
C. C. severe colicky pain in upper right quadrant -
- 20.
Which of the following applies to hepatitis A infection?
- A.
A. It is also called serum hepatitis.
- B.
B. It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route.
- C.
C. It contains a double strand of DNA.
- D.
D. It frequently leads to chronic hepatitis.
Correct Answer
B. B. It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. -
- 21.
What can be concluded if the hepatitis B antigen level remains high in the serum?
- A.
A. Acute infection is present.
- B.
B. Chronic infection has developed.
- C.
C. Liver failure is in progress.
- D.
D. The usual prolonged recovery from any viral infection is occurring.
Correct Answer
B. B. Chronic infection has developed. -
- 22.
What is the most common type of hepatitis transmitted by blood transfusion?
- A.
A. HAV
- B.
B. HBV
- C.
C. HCV
- D.
D. HEV
Correct Answer
C. C. HCV -
- 23.
What causes elevated serum levels of AST and ALT during the preicteric stage of hepatitis?
- A.
A. systemic effects of viral infection
- B.
B. obstruction of bile ducts and malabsorption
- C.
C. necrosis of liver cells
- D.
D. ammonia toxicity
Correct Answer
C. C. necrosis of liver cells -
- 24.
What indicates the presence of third-stage alcohol hepatitis?
- A.
A. below normal blood levels of AST and ALT
- B.
B. ULQ tenderness and dull pain
- C.
C. a small, firm, nodular liver and portal hypertension
- D.
D. accumulation of fat in the hepatocytes and hepatomegaly
Correct Answer
D. D. accumulation of fat in the hepatocytes and hepatomegaly -
- 25.
A primary factor causing encephalopathy with cirrhosis is the elevated:
- A.
A. serum urea
- B.
B. conjugated bilirubin
- C.
C. serum ammonia
- D.
D. serum pH
Correct Answer
C. C. serum ammonia -
- 26.
In patients with cirrhosis, serum ammonia may increase when:
- A.
A. ingesting excessive lipids
- B.
B. bleeding occurs in the digestive tract
- C.
C. an increase in unconjugated bilirubin occurs in the serum
- D.
D. less bile is produced
Correct Answer
B. B. bleeding occurs in the digestive tract -
- 27.
What is the primary cause of esophageal varices?
- A.
A. portal hypertension
- B.
B. alcohol irritating the mucosa
- C.
C. failure to inactivate estrogen
- D.
D. poor nutritional status
Correct Answer
A. A. portal hypertension -
- 28.
What is the primary cause of increased bleeding tendencies associated with cirrhosis?
- A.
A. anemia and leucopenia
- B.
B. jaundice and pruritus
- C.
C. recurrent infections
- D.
D. deficit of vitamin K and prothrombin
Correct Answer
D. D. deficit of vitamin K and prothrombin -
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May 09, 2013Quiz Edited by
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May 09, 2013Quiz Created by
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